(完整版)历年专四真题语法归类
i 一、谓语动词63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language. （2008）A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes
58.The committee has anticipated the problems that ____in the road construction project. （2007）A. arise B. will arise ?C. arose D. have arisen
59.The student said there were a few points in the essay he ____impossible to comprehend. (2006)A. had found B. finds C. has found D. would find （2007）
60.He would have finished his college education, but he______ to quit and find a job to support his family. （2007）A. had had B. has C. had D. would have
54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.(2005)
A. will come
B. was coming
C. had been coming
D. came
55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (2005)
A. I was and always will be
B. I have to be and always will be
C. I had been and always will be
D. I have been and always will be
56.Jack __ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 2003
A. has been missing
B. has been missed
C. had been missing
D. was missed
2. For some time now, world leaders ___out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. 2002a. had been pointing b. have been pointing c. were pointing d. pointed
二、非谓语动词：
非谓语动词 – 分词
逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。
64. ______ at in his way, the situation doesn't seem so desperate. （2007）
A. Looking
B. Looked
C. Being looked
D. To look
55.If not ______ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004)A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated not counting = not including 不算 （视为固定用法）
63.There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ______ the spoilt ones. (2006)A. not counting B. not to count C. don't count D. having not counted
65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm’s lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT(2009)
A. the man who has prepared the documents...
B. the man who has been preparing the documents...
C. the man who is preparing the documents...
D. the man who will prepare the documents... 非谓语动词 – 动名词
i n d
A
h
s n 62. The meeting was put off because we ______ a meeting without John. (2005)A. objected having B. were objected to having C. objected to have D. objected to having
61. What's the chance of ______ a general election this year? (2005)A. there being
B. there to be
C. there be
D there going to be
51. What a nice day! How about the three of us _____ a walk in the park nearby?(2009)A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. (2010)A. To be not tall B. Not being tall C. Being not tall
D. Not to be tall
非谓语动词 – 不定式
63.It is not uncommon for there _______problems of communication between the old and the young. （2007）A. being B. would be C. be D. to be 固定用法：for there to be, of there being..
58. The Minister of Finance is believed ____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004)A. that he is thinking
B. to be thinking
C. that he is to think
D. to think
62. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence means that(2009)A. she seems to be there at the conference. B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conference. D. she seemed to being there at the conference.
56. AIDS is said __the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region. 2002a. being
b. to be
c. to have been
d. having been
三、独立主格
主语 + doing / done, （没有助动词），从句与主句中的主语不一致。独立主格一般在日常生活语言中
不使用。它过于书面化。
名词(代词) + 现在分词、过去分词；1. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop. TEM-4 2003
a. is
b. been
c. be
d. being
2. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled. TEM-4 2003a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits 四、虚拟语气
非真实条件句 主句
were / had / did would 现在时 someone had done would have done 过去时 Had someone done would
将来时
were to do should do
52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn. (2009)A. could have been B. would be
C. will be
D. would have been 52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. （2008）A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get
54. ______ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? (2004)A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised
C. Had you been surprised
D. Would you have been surprised
51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ____ able to advise you much better than I can.(2005)
h A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were 63. _____ you ____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. (2005)
A. If, had
B. Have, had
C. Should, have
D. In case, had
55. Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute. （2007）A. to start B. to have started C. to be starting
D. to have been starting
54.If only the patient ____a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now. （2007）
A. had received B .received C. should receive D. were receiving
If only 引导的是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用had done ，与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did ，这里的主句虽然表示的是现在，但是if only 表示的是过去发生的事情，要用过去完成时，所以这题的正确答案是
A=wish
52. If only I __play the guitar as well as you! (2006) A would B could C should D might 60. That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it's high time we _____ strong actions against him. (2005)
A. betrayed.. . take
B. had betrayed. . . took
C. has betrayed... took
D. has betrayed... take
54 It's high time we __ cutting down the rainforests. (2006)A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop
Adj.：It is important that something ( be / do 动词原型 美语) (should be / should do 英语)essential necessary imperative possible
impossible urgent
advisable
Verb ：advise demand ask order require urge recommend suggest insist
Noun ：
advice arrangement
decision
order suggestion recommendation
59．It is imperative that the government __ more investment into the shipbuilding industry. (2006)A attracts B shall attract C attract D has to 56. It is imperative that students ______ their term papers on time. (2004)
A. hand in
B. would hand in
C. have to hand in
D. handed in
65.It is absolutely essential that William ________his study in spite of some learning difficulties.
A. will continue
B. continued
C. continue
D. continues （2007）60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay. (2010) A. hand in
B. hands in
C. must hand in
D. has to hand in
61. It’s getting late. I’d rather you now. (2011)A. left B. leave C. are leaving D. will leave
1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____for that. 2003a. for us to be prepared b. that we are prepared c. of us to be prepared d. our being prepared
2. _____for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002
a. Had it not been
b. Hadn’t it been
c. Was it not
d. Were it not 3. “What courses are you going to do next semester?” 2002
“I don’t know. But it’s about time ______on something.” a. I’d decide
b. I decided
c. I decide
d. I’m deciding 五、情态动词
推测句 Probability
h i must have done 肯定的推测句 （过去时） must be doing （现在时）couldn’t have done 否定的推测句 can’t be doing
could have done would have done might have done should have done
均用于本应发生而未发生的状况
53. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. （2007）A. had been B. must be C. has been D. must have been
61. Aren’t you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. (2009)A. should have thought B. must have thought C. might have thought D. could have thought
65. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?（2008）A. You must leave immediately. B. You must be feeling rather tired.
C. You must be here by eight o'clock.
D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus. (2010)
A. must have gone
B. should have gone
C. ought to have gone
D. could have gone 53.“You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. （2007）A. could B. should C. must D. can
provided 条件从句 = if, 从句中为一般现在时，判定主句也是一般现在时can 。Could 也可以用于表示客气的语气，但不用在条件句中。
56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone _C_ an opportunity to hear the speech. (2006)A ought to have B must have ?C may have D should have
so that 引导的状语从句中，主句是过去时，从句中用过去时 might / could /should 。(2006)57. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in.
A that you should think
B by what you are thinking
C that you would think
D with what you were
57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _____ the journey in exactly two days. (2005)A. must take B. must have made
C. was able to make
D. could make
六、句法搭配：
54. _____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. (2009)
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Whichever
D. However 41. After ___ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office. (2010)
A. that
B. what
C. there
D. it
62. Quality is ____ counts most. （2008）A. which B. that C. what D. where 47. She managed to save ______ she could out of her wages to help her brother.(2002)
A. how little money
B. so little money
C. such little money
D. what little money
53. The government has promised to do ______ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-
stricken area. (2004)
A. however
B. whichever
C. whatever
D. wherever
64. In "How much do you think he earns?" how much is ______ of the sentence. (2009) A. the subject B. the adverbial C. the object D. the complement 62.Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably ________a threat to the human race
than environmental destruction. （2007）
A. no more
B. not more
C. even more
D. much more not more ...than 的意思就是与其说是A,不如说是B.
i h e
51. __dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.(2006)A Although B whatever C As D However
56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have (2005)to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type of
B. some types of a
C. some type of a
D. some types of
66. — Why are you staring? (2005)— I've never seen ______ tree before. A. kind of
B. that kind of
C. such kind
D. such
58. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid. (2005)A. something but
B. anything but
C. nothing but
D. not but
anything but 一点也不，决不 He is anything but a poet. 他决不是个诗人。nothing but 只是
He is nothing but a liar. 他只是个骗子。
56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT? (2011)
A. The city is now ten times its original size.
B. I wish I had two times his strength.
C. The seller asked for double the usual price.
D. They come here four times every year.59. The additional work will take weeks. (2011)A. the other B. another two C. other two D. the more 宾语从句1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon? 2003
a. you said
b. did you say
c. did you say that
d. you did say
57. We consider ______ he should have left without telling anyone beforehand. (2009)A. strange why B. it strange what C. it strange that D. that strange
61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____. (2010)
A. the object
B. an adverbial
C. a complement
D. the subject
60. The couple had no sooner got to the station _____ the coach left. (2009)
A. when
B. as
C. until
D. than
53. Nine is to three _____ three is to one. （2008）A. when B. that C. which D. what 63. There is no doubt the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned. (2011)
A. whether
B. that
C. why
D. when
七、比较级和最高级
55. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one. (2009)A. the price of three times B. three times the price
C. as much as the three times price
D. three times more than the price 64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ____ the size of St. Peter's in Rome.
A. /
B. that of
C. which is
D. of （2008）
59. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim. (2005)A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsman C. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman
57. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, ______ to the truck. (2004)
A. the greater stress is
B. greater is the stress
C. the stress is greater
D. the greater the stress
八、定语从句
53. The party, ______ I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable. (2006)
A. by which
B. for which
C. to which
D. at which
a
d
e
56. I was very interested in _____ she told me. (2009) A. all that B. all which C. all what D. that
51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man he was fifteen years ago.(2011)A. which B. whom C. who D. that
1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 2003a. where b. of whose c. whose
d. which
2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____is something we
had not expected. 2003a. which
b. it
c. that
d. what 3. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _______ he was twenty years ago. 2003a. which
b. that
c. who
d. whom
4. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ______should make great differences in our life next
summer. 2002a. which
b. what
c. that
d. they
5. Have you ever been in a situation ____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? 2002a. by which b. that
c. in where
d. where
九、肯定与否定回应句与反义疑问句
58. It is going to be fine tomorrow. _______.(2009)A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does. D. So does it.58. When you have finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on my desk, _____?（2008）
A. do you
B. don't you
C. will you
D. won't you 祈使句中，反意问句用will you…? Let us 中用shall we?
65. There used to be a petrol station near the park, ______? (2006)
A. didn't it
B. doesn't there
C. usedn't it
D. didn't there 57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?(2010)
A. doesn't she
B. does she
C. would she
D. wouldn't she
54. When you have finished with the book, don’t forget to return it to Tim, ? (2011)A. do you B. will you C. don’t you D. won’t you 68. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______? 2003
a. hadn’t she
b. hasn’t she
c. wouldn’t she
d. didn’t she
63. I suppose that he is just joking, ___?(2002)A don’t I. B isn’t he. C isn’t it. D is it
十、倒装句
59. Little _____ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger. (2009)
A. she cared
B. she may care
C. may she care
D. did she care 60. ______ both sides accept the agreement ______ a lasting peace be established in this region. (2004)
A. Only if, will
B. If only, would
C. Should, will
D. Unless, would
十一、副词
63. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete " ____ everybody came"?(2009) A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost
58. Susan is very hardworking, but her pay is not__ for her work. (2006) A. enough good B. good enough C. as good enough D. good as enough 53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad. (2010) A. too strong
B. enough strong
C. so strong
D. strong enough
a t
i m e 61. My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk__far. (2006) A ./ B. such C. that D. as
That = 那么… ！(意指彼此都明白的程度)This = 这么…! (用手形象地比划)The fish is this big. I don’t think it is that big.such = 如此之
This issue was of such importance that we could not ignore it.
64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?(2010)A. before
B. recently
C. lately
D. yet
49. Issues of price, place, promotion, and product are ____conventional concerns in planning marketing strategies. A. these of the most B. most of those C. among the most D. among the many of(2004)
十二、代词
51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ____ proposals in the near future. （2008）A. their
B. our
C. his
D. its
56. Your ideas, ____, seem unusual to me.(2003)
A. like her
B. like hers
C. similar to her
D. similar to herself 59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate. (2010)A. you
B. they
C. he
D. we
61. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?" EXCEPT （2008）A. Jim did this. B. Jim did so. C. Jim did that. D. Jim did.65. Children who stay away from school do ________ for different reasons. (2005)
A. them
B. /
C. it
D. theirs 十三、状语从句
时间状语从句：
56. I enjoyed myself so much ____ I visited my friends in Paris last year. （2008）
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where 让步状语从句1. _______I like economics I like sociology much better. 2003
a. As much as
b. So much
c. How much
d. Much as
2. Fool _______Jane/Jerry is, she/he could not have done such a thing. (2010) 2002
a. who
b. as
c. that
d. like
55.___ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment.
（2008）A. Much though
B. Much as
C. As much
D. Though much
52. _________, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class. (2005)
A. Although he is a socialist
B. Even if he is a socialist
C. Being a socialist
D. Since he is a socialist
52. ______ I'll marry him all the same. (2004)A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor 结果状语从句
1. -----Does Alan like limburgers? 2003 -----Yes. So much ______ that he eats them
n h a. for b. as c. to d. so
方式状语从句
1. She did her work _____her manager had instructed. 2002a. as b. until
c. when
d. though
原因状语从句
54. Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. （2008）
A. for which
B. for that
C. in that
D. in which
条件状语从句
64. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do,_ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition
D. only if
比较状语从句1. The experiment requires more money than _______.2002
a. have been put in
b. being put in
c. has been put in
d. to be put in 61. The research requires more money than _______.（2007）
A. have been put in
B. has been put in
C. being put in
D. to be put in 60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____.（2008） A. it could be B. could be C. it was D. was
十四、限定词位置
57. Which of the following is INCORRECT? （2008）
A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.
B. Half his money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party.56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? (2010)A. They each have two tickets. B. They cost twenty yuan each.
C. Each they have bought the same book.
D. They were given two magazines each.62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? (2010)
A. All his lectures are very interesting.
B. Half their savings were gone.
C. Many his friends came to the party.
D. Both his sisters are nurses.
十五、句义句法理解
59. What does "He wisely refused to spend his money" mean? （2008）
A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.
B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.
C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything.
D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.
51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?(2010)A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.
C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.
D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement? (2010)A. The directors appointed John manager. B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour. D. She is teaching children English.58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? (2011)A. What do you think has happened to her?
l s e B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month? D. How quickly would you say he would come?
60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)? (2011)A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.
B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.
C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.
D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.
65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)? (2011)A. Mr Smith’s passport has been issued. B. The visitor’s arrival was reported in the news.C. John’s travel details have not been finalized. D. The new bookstore sells children’s stories.
62. In the sentence “The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning”, the italicized word is used to modify__.
(2011)
A. the object.
B. the verb .
C. the subject.
D. the prepositional phrase. 52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND? (2011)A. Beg your pardon. B. Have a good time. C. Never do that again! D. What noise you are making!
53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose? (2011)A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn’t win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.
55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the –ING participle is used__. (2011)A. as a command. B. as a condition. C. for concession. D. for emphasis. 64. The sentence that expresses OFFER is(2011)
A. I’ll get some drinks. What’ll you have?
B. Does she need to book a ticket now?
C. May I know your name?
D. Can you return the book next week?
十六、连词
58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation. (2010)
A. or
B. either
C. but
D. and
十七、主谓一致
52.All the President’s Men ___one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.
（2007）
A. remain
B. remains C .remained D. is remaining 62. The statistics __ that living standards in the area have improved drastically in recent times. (2006)
A proves
B is proving
C are proving
D prove 60. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____ going to agree upon anything today. TEM-4 2003
A. neither you nor I are
B. neither you nor me is
C. neither you nor I am
D. neither me nor you are 61. Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, ______ for Europe this afternoon. A. are to leave
B. are leaving
C. is leaving
D. leave(2004)42. _______ of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night. (2002)
A. None
B. Both
C. Neither
D. All
1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____ going to agree upon anything today. 2003
i a. neither you nor I are b. neither you nor me is c. neither you nor I am
d. neither me nor you are
十八、与as 、such 、so 相关的题型
64. She would just ___stay___ go.(2003)
A as soon; as.
B rather; as to.
C prefer; to.
D sooner; as
57.It is not _____much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. （2007）(2011)
A. that
B. as
C. so
D. very not so much ..as 与其说,不如说..
not as much … as … not so much as / not so much … as …与其说…还不如说…
51. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn't bothered by his loudness _____ by his lack of talent.(2004)A. so much as B. rather than
C. as
D. than
60. Land belongs to the city; there is __ thing as private ownership of land. (2006)A no such a B not such C not such a D no such
*not such a ___ thing 只能在有其它修饰词或指很明确的事情/物体时用，如That's not such a good painting.那幅画不怎么样嘛。意思不一样了，这里的意思是"没这回事儿“/“没这个概念。“Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
53. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting. (2005)
A. so as to
B. such as to
C. such to
D. as much as to
41. Does Alan like hamburgers?(2003) ___Yes. So much _____that he eats them almost every day.
A. for
B. as
C. to
D. so
51. There are as good fish in the sea ______ ever came out of it. （2007）
A. than
B. like
C. as
D. so
64 It was __ we had hoped. (2006)A more a success than B a success more than C as much of a success as
D a success as much as
It was more a success than we had hoped.It was as much of a success as we had hoped.
The guy is as more of an idiot as I assumed.(这个家伙和我想象中的一样混蛋)[/size]
It was more of a success （more successful ） than i expected 。事情比我想象中的成功。