2018年小升初:小学英语复习资料汇总大全

2018年小升初:小学英语复习资料汇总大全
2018年小升初:小学英语复习资料汇总大全

小升初英语考试中单项选择比例占到15%-30%,同时,在其他各种题型中也都涉及到大量的语法知识。进行系统的语法的学习非常必要。

重点词汇积累。词汇量:一般重点中学的小升初英语考试,都要求学生具有2019到3000的词汇量,而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词,甚至要求孩子会拼写。很多孩子认为小升初英语考试卷中的英文奥数题比较难,主要障碍就是很多单词不会,这样扣分之后,跟其他孩子就有差距了。

实际运用能力:知识学到手会用才是关键。

具体知识点:

第一部分;基础知识

字母:26个字母的大小写

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

2.语音:元音的发音五个元音字母:AEIOU

12个单元音:长元音:/ɑ:/,/ :/,/ :/,/i:/,/u:/

短元音:/ / /e/ /i/ / / /∧/ /u/ / /

3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词

4.句子:大小写,标点符号

第二部分:语法知识

一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格

(一)名词单复数

1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以―f或fe‖结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

5.不规则名词复数:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词的复数就是原型:paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

(二)名词的格

(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:

a) 单数后加‘s 如: Lucy‘s ruler my father‘s shirt

b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加‘如: his friends‘bags

c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加‘s children‘s shoes

l 并列名词中,如果把‘s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:

Tom and Mike‘s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

l 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加‘s

Tom‘s and Mike‘s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用―of +名词‖来表示所有关系:如:

a picture of the classroom a map of China

二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:

(1)不定冠词:a / an

(2)元音读音开头的可数名词前用an :

an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an

interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

(3)定冠词:the 2. 用法:

定冠词的用法:

(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物:The ruler is on the desk.

(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren‘t at school.

(4)在序数词前:John‘s birthday is February the second.

(5)用于固定词组中:in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况:

(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.

(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:

This is my baseball.

(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can‘t swim. They are teachers.

(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It‘s Sunday.

(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.

(6)球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.

(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.

(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.

(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus

四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级

(一)、形容词的比较级

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。

2.形容词加er的规则:

⑴一般在词尾加er ;

⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ;

⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;

⑷以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。

3.不规则形容词比较级:

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

(二)副词的比较级

1.形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)

五数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词

(1)1-20

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty

(2)21-99

先说―几十‖,再说―几‖,中间加连字符。

23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one

(3)101—999

先说―几百‖,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;

586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three

(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个―,‖,第一个―,‖前为thousand.第二个―,‖前为million,第三个―,‖前为billion 1,001→one thousand and one 18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three

6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion

二、序数词

(1)一般在基数词后加th

eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth

(2)不规则变化

one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve —twelfth

(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th

twenty→twentieth,forty→fortieth,ninety→ninetieth

(4)从二十一后的―几十几‖直至―几百几十几‖或―几千几百几十几‖只将个位的基数词变为序数词。

twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth 基数词转为序数词的口诀:基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.

一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d. 八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty将y变成i,th 前面有个e.

若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。

六、介词:

常用介词:in, on, at, behind等

1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。

at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)2.on

1)表示具体日期。

注:(1)关于"在周末"的几种表示法:at(on)the weekend在周末---特指at(on)weekends在周末---泛指over the weekend在整个周末during the weekend在周末期间

(2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas2)在(刚……)的时候。

On reaching the city he called up his parents.一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。

3.in

1)表示"时段"、"时期",在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)

七、动词:

动词的四种时态:

(1)一般现在时:

一般现在时的构成

be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English. 我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉

语。动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

(2)一般过去时:

动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:

A、规则动词

①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , used

③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study –studied carry

–carried worry –worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing –sang , eat –ate , see –saw , have –had , do –did , go –went , take –took , buy –bought , get –got , read –read ,fly –flew , am/is –was ,

are –were , say –said , leave –left , swim –swam , tell –told , draw –drew , come –came , lose –lost , find –found , drink –drank , hurt –hurt , feel –felt (3)一般将来时:基本结构:①be going to + do;

②will+ do. be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.

(4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词

动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:

①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

②以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing

③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

第三部分:句法1.陈述句

(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I‘m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

(2)、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I‘m not a student. She is not(isn ‘t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn‘t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren‘t) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won‘t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn‘t) watch TV yesterday evening.

2. 疑问句

一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用―yes‖,或―no‖来回答。

特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用―yes 、no‖来回答。

3.There be句型

There be 句型与have, has的区别

1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)

2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is 主语是复数,be 动词用are 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。

6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。

7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:

How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语?How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语?

8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:What‘s + 介词短语?

第三部分:情景交际

第四部分:阅读训练

第五部分:书面表达

常考题型:一、听力

听句子中的单词,或者直接听单词

2.根据听到的内容选择相应的回答的句子

3.选出与听到的句子相同意思的句子

4.听短文,判断正误。

二、语音:选出与画线部分相同的读音

三、用所给词的正确形式填空

四、单项选择

五、把句子连成一段话

六、完形填空

七、根据图片内容,完成对话

八、阅读理解:

选出正确的答案。

2,判断正误。

3,回答问题。

九、改错

十、书面表达:作文

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