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31省市学位英语网特别提示：

请同学们在听完讲课或者掌握了答题方法后再做练习,你会觉得英语很容易。

一定要认真做作业，动手能力和举一反三的能力，是衡量一个人素质的重要因素，也是掌握好英语的关键。

Passage 1

Advertisement can be thought of “as the means of making known in order to buy or sell goods or services.” Advertisement aims to increase people’s awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.

There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement. We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid for by the producer or by the customer. Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for the advertisement. However, if large-scale advertisement leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less. It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales. When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.

1. Advertisement is often used to _______.

A. deceive customers

B. increase production

C. arouse suspicion

D. push the sale

2. The word “media ” (in the first paragraph) includes_______

A. the press

B. television

C. radio

D. all of the above

3. Advertisement is mainly paid for by ________

A. the customer

B. the producer

C. increased sales

D. reduced prices

4. Advertisement can increase demand ________

A. all the time

B. in any circumstances

B. in a growing market D. in a shrinking market

5. From the last sentence of this passage we conclude that________

A. businesses usually do not pay much for advertisement

B. businesses know well that advertisement could bring profits

C. advertisement could hardly convince people of the value of the goods

D. advertisement usually cost businesses large amounts of money

Passage 2

Almost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe (订阅) to as many as two or three newspapers. But why do people read newspapers?

Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings---battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown (推翻) or killed---took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in far away countries on the same day they happen.

Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information. There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories and, of course, advertisements. The bigger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space, but it is worth the money, for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements are also very important. Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at low price and still make a profit.

Newspapers often have information on gardening, cooking and fashion, as well as a small but very popular section on jokes and cartoons (漫画).

6. The habit of reading newspapers is ________

A. uncommon in the world

B. not popular in U.S.A

C. widespread in the world

D. founded among a few families

7. A few hundred years ago news did not _______

A. receive attention

B. travel fast

C. spread to other countries

D. take long to reach other countries 8. In the past, news was _______

A. sent by telegraph

B. passed from one person to another

C. sent by letter

D. sent by telephone

9. The money spent on advertisements is _______

A. wasted

B. not much

C. worthwhile

D. useless

10. The section on jokes and cartoons is ________

A. read only by children

B. of no value

C. not helpful

D. read by many

Passage 3

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old question and the answers to them are still not clear.

We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental (done with the mind) exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often, and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.

Parents should also be careful what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”

11. The words “intelligent ” and “brilliant ” in the first paragraph probably mean_____ while “dull ” in the second paragraph means______

A. bright and splendid….slow in thinking and understanding

B. pretty and handsome…. ordinary-looking

C. great and important…. common

D. hopeful and helpful…. careless 12. According to the context we can guess that a genius is ______ while an idiot is _____.

A. a normal person…a funny person

B. a strong person… a week person

C. a highly intelligent person… a foolish or weak-minded person

D. a famous person… an ordinary person

13. A person ______ is more likely to become a genius.

A. whose parents are clever

B. often thinking about difficult problem

C. often helped by his parents and teachers

D. born with a good brain and putting it to active use

14. It is better for parents________

A. to praise and encourage their children more often

B. to be hard on their children

C. to leave their children alone with nothing to do

D. to give their children as much help as possible

15. Which of the following is not true according to the article?

A. Parents play an important part in their children’s growth.

B. The less you use your mind the duller you may become.

C. Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.

D. Parents should always encourage their children.

答案与解析

1. 【答案】D 推理题。问题问的是做广告的目的，答案在第一段…as the means of making know in order to buy or sell goods or services ，即“使…为人所知，以促进人们购买某样产品或者服务”。结合各个选项，只有D 项“促进销售”贴合原意。A 项“欺骗消费者”；B 项“提升产量”；C 项“引起怀疑”

2. 【答案】D 信息题。在第一段中，作者列举了一系列的广告途径，包括出版物，电视，广播等，因此D “以上全部都是”正确。

3. 【答案】A 信息题。答案在第二段it is clear that it is the customer who pays for the advertisement ，即“很明显，支付广告费用的是消费者。”因此，A 项正确。

4. 【答案】C 信息题。答案在第三段When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales …，即“当市场扩大的时候，广告有助于提升需求量。当市场萎缩的时候，广告也许能阻止销量的大幅下滑。”因此，C 项正确。

5. 【答案】D 推理题。该句What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them ，既“有一点很清楚，即，如果商家不能够相信广告对于他们的价值的话，他们是不会斥巨资打广告。”A 项“商家通常都不会为广告支付大量资金；”B 项“商家非常清楚，广告可以带来利润；”C 项“广告很难让人们相信产品的价值”；D 项“广告通常花费商家大量的资金”。综合各个选项，只有D 正确。

6. 【答案】 C 细节题。答案在第一段前两句Almost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe to as many as two or three newspapers 。即“几乎每个家庭都每天至少买一份报纸。一些人订两到三份。”A 选项“世界上不常见的；”B 选项“在美国不流行的”，popular adj.流行的；D 选项“在一些家庭中建立了”。只有C 项“在世界上是很普遍的”符合原文含义，widespread “广布的，遍及的。”

7. 【答案】B 推理题。答案在第二段第一句Five hundred years ago ，news of important…took months and even years to travel from one country to another ，即“五百年前，一些重要的消息…需要几个月甚至几年才能从一个国家传到另一个国家。”注意问题中有个not ，因此B “传播快”符合原文含义。A 项“受到关注”；C 项“传播到其他国家”，spread “扩散，传播”；D 项“需要很长时间才能传播到别的国家。”考虑到问题中的not ，这三项均不正确。

8. 【答案】B 信息题。答案在第二段第二句The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate 。即“这些消息口口相传，从来都不确却”，“口口相传”意即“从一个人传到另一个人。”A 选项“通过电报传播”、C 选项“通过信件传播”以及D 选项“通过电

话传播”均与原文含义相差甚远。

9. 【答案】C 推理题。答案在第三段第四句They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space ，but it is worth the money ，for …，即“他们花费巨额资金做广告，但这是值得的…”。worth the money 意为“钱花得值，”C 选项worthwhile “值得的”正是此意。

10.【答案】D 信息题。答案依据最后一段Newspapers often have information on gardening …as well as a small but very popular section on jokes and cartoons ，即“报纸上经常会有关于园艺…的信息，以及刊登笑话和漫画的非常受欢迎的小板块。”popular “受欢迎的，被广泛关注、阅读的”，因此D 选项“被广为阅读”正确。A 选项“只有孩子们阅读”；B 选项“没有价值”，value n.价值，of no value 没有价值，of great value 有很大价值，of some value 有些价值，of little value 几乎没有价值；C 项“没有帮助”.

11. 【答案】A 词汇题。解答词汇题最常用的方法之一就是利用对比关系，What makes one person a genius ，like the brilliant Albert Einstein ，and another person a fool? genius 的含义和fool 相反，自然可以推测出brilliant 的含义；Are people born intelligent or stupid? Intelligent 的意思和stupid 含义相反。dull 出现在….on the other hand…dull and unintelligent 中，dull 表示不聪明。答案为A 选项。

12. 【答案】C 词汇题 ... that makes one person a genius like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool?和fool 相反的意思即为genius 的含义，According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot ….. 很明显，idiot 和fool 意思相似，C 选项“非常聪明的人”和“愚蠢的人”正确。A 选项是“正常的人”和“有趣的人”；B 选项“身体强壮的人”和“身体虚弱的人”；D 选项“名人”和“普通人”。

13. 【答案】D 信息题。对文章细节的推断，什么样的人最有可能成为天才？A 选项“父母都是聪明的人”、B 选项“总是思考一些难题”以及C 选项“经常得到老师和父母的帮助”都比较片面；只有D 选项“天资聪颖并能够常常动脑的人”符合原文In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise “从某种意义上讲，思维就像腿部或胳膊的肌肉一样，需要锻炼。”全面的回答只有这个问题。

14. 【答案】A 推理题。文章主要是讲述如何培养孩子的智力的问题，父母如何做才能有利于孩子的智力发展呢？相关段落是第二和第三段；A 选项“经常鼓励孩子并称他们”和原文So it is probably better for parents to say very positive （helpful ）things to their children 意思相符。B 选项“对孩子要求非常严厉苛刻”；C 选项“让孩子无所事事”；D 选项“尽可能地给与孩子（更）多的帮助。”

15. 【答案】A 态度题。A 选项“父母在孩子的成长过程中扮演一个重要的角色”正确；B 选项“脑子用的越少，越容易变得迟钝”并没有在原文中提到；C 选项“很显然，智力是一个人成长环境的影响结果”，而根据原文，智力是先天和后天培养的综合结果，显然，C 选项中的观点错误；D 选项“父母应该时刻鼓励孩子”是作者在文中积极倡导的。

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