(英语)英语语法填空练习题及答案含解析

(英语)英语语法填空练习题及答案含解析
(英语)英语语法填空练习题及答案含解析

(英语)英语语法填空练习题及答案含解析

一、高中英语语法填空

1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Mid-Autumn Day is a very important traditional festival in China. It takes its name from the fact that it ________(celebrate) in the middle of the autumn season. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the ________ (eight) lunar month. The day is known as the Moon Festival, as at that time of the year the moon is at its roundest and ________(bright). It is an evening celebration in ________ families gather together and eat moon cakes. Besides, ________(make) the house more beautiful, people will hang red lanterns in front of it. On that day, people look back on the past and look forward to the future together. Children will play with their own ________(toy) and enjoy themselves.

The Mid-Autumn Festival celebrations date back ________ more than 2,000 years. The word "Mid-Autumn" first ________(appear) in the famous ancient book Zhou Li. However, it was not until the early Tang Dynasty that people celebrated the day as a traditional festival. It became an ________(official) established festival during the Song Dynasty, and has become as popular as the Spring Festival since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Celebrations have continued ever since and more customs for ________(mark) this occasion have been formed.

【答案】is celebrated;eighth;brightest;which;to make;toys;to;appeared;officially;marking

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中秋节。说明了中秋节的时间、节日活动以及节日的历史。

(1)考查时态语态。句意:它的名字来源于它是在秋季中期举行的庆祝活动。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且描述客观事实应用一般现在时。主语为it,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is celebrated。

(2)考查数词。句意:中秋节在农历八月十五。中秋节是在农历的“第八个”月份,故应用序数词“第八”eighth。故填eighth。

(3)考查形容词。句意:这一天被称为中秋节,因为在一年的这个时候,月亮是最圆最亮的。根据上文roundest and可知应填形容词最高级,表示“最亮的”,故填brightest。(4)考查定语从句。句意:这是一个晚上的庆祝活动,家人聚在一起吃月饼。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词an evening celebration,且做介词in的宾语,指“庆祝”活动应用关系代词which。故填which。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,为了使房子更漂亮,人们会在房子前面挂红灯笼。本句中make做非谓语动词,表目的应用不定式。故填to make。

(6)考查名词。句意:孩子们会玩自己的玩具,玩得很开心。toy为可数名词,根据上文their可知玩具不止一个应用复数形式。故填toys。

(7)考查介词。句意:中秋节的庆祝活动可以追溯到2000多年前。date back to固定短语,“追溯到”,故填to。

(8)考查时态。句意:“中秋”一词最早出现在著名的古籍《周礼》中。此处描述“中秋”一词最早出现,应用一般过去时。故填appeared。

(9)考查副词。句意:它在宋朝成为正式确立的节日,自明清以来就和春节一样流行。修饰动词establish应用副词,故填officially。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:从那以后,庆祝活动一直在继续,并形成了更多纪念这一时刻的习俗。for为介词后跟动名词作宾语,故填marking。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,数词,形容词,定语从句,非谓语动词,名词,介词,副词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

It seems to be something in our blood ________ makes human beings want to conquer (征服)" things by climbing them, no matter whether it's Qomolangma --- the ________ (high) peak on Earth ---________ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many ________ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though there's no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path that's been hammered into the rock by early explorers. There's even a sign at the bottom of the rock ________ (write) in seven languages, reading: "Please don't climb."

For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and ________(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since there's no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be ________ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people ________ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru ________ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.

【答案】that;highest;or;visitors;written;setting /to set;harmful;have died;why;will be banned

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,人们很喜欢到澳大利亚中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,这一做法带来了一系列问题,当地政府决定禁止人们攀登这块巨石。

(1)考查定语从句。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。本题定语从句的先行词是不定代词something,使用关系代词that来指代先行词,引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以填that。

(2)考查形容词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗玛峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。根据常识可知珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,应该使用形容词最高级作定语。所以填highest。

(3)考查连词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是珠穆朗玛峰—世界最高峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。句中使用whether…or…固定短语,"无论......还是......",连接上下文。所以填or。

(4)考查名词。句意:尽管没有路,但很多游客还是会前往Uluru去攀登这块巨石。所填

词在句中充当主语,而且表示人,所以要用visit表示人的名词形式visitor在句中做主语,而形容词many说明应该使用可数名词复数形式,故填visitors。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在巨石的底部用七种语言写着一块牌子:请勿攀登。名词短语a sign与动词write构成被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,其作用相当于定语从句。所以填written。

(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:踏上这块岩石被认为是无礼的。本句中可以使用动名词短语做主语表示经常性习惯性的动作,也可以使用不定式短语做主语表示一次性的动作。所以填setting/to set。

(7)考查形容词。句意:下雨的时候,垃圾废物被冲下岩石,这对环境是有害的。句中应该使用harm的形容词形式与系动词构成系表结构,所以填harmful。

(8)考查时态。句意:根据ABC,到目前为止在攀登巨石时候,已经有35人死亡。句中时间状语so far意为"到目前为止",通常与现在完成时连用,本句主语是复数名词,所以填have died。

(9)考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表语从句缺少连词,且该表语从句表示最后的结果,why引导表语从句表示最后的结果。所以填why。

(10)考查时态语态。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主语climbing Uluru与动词ban构成被动关系,且表示将来的事情,要用一般将来时的被动语态。所以填will be banned。

【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句,形容词,连词,名词,非谓语动词,时态,表语从句,时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.

【答案】the;have found;its;environmental;smaller;effects;casually;from;which;compared

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中,研究人员估计,美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。

(1)考查冠词。句意:自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。

(2)考查时态。句意:人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时,主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知,主语是humans,故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。

(3)考查代词。句意:它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词,此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。

(4)考查形容词。句意:在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology(科学与技术)。故填environmental。

(5)考查形容词。句意:美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。(6)考查名词。句意:尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health 是主语的一部分,可知此处用名词作主语,且谓语动词是are,故用可数名词复数,填effects。

(7)考查副词。句意:但研究人员强调,人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。

(8)考查介词。句意:最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from,固定短语,“来自”。故填from。

(9)考查定语从句。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,先行词为drinking bottled water,指物,且作in的宾语,故此处填which。故填which。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子可知,the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。

【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,时态,代词,形容词,名词,介词,副词,定语从句以及非谓语动词的等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Keeping a diary in English is one of the ________ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. ________ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes ________ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. ________ we insist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ________in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly come across many ________(difficult). In the first place, ________ often happens that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese.

As far as I ________(concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is ________ great use to keep a diary in English for ________ development of our writing skills.

【答案】 effective;Compared;less;If;ourselves;difficulties;it;am concerned;of;the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了用英语写日记的好处。

(1)考查形容词。句意:用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。此处在句中作定语,修饰中心词ways,因此用形容词。故填effective。

(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他形式的写作相比,日记更短,花费的时间更少。此处在句中作状语,且compare与句子主语it之间是逻辑动宾关系,应使用过去分词,表被动;此处位于句首,因此首字母要大写。故填Compared。

(3)考查形容词。句意:与其他形式的写作相比,日记更短,花费的时间更少。根据句意以及句中shorter and 可知and之后要用形容词的比较级构成并列结构,time是不可数名词,应用形容词little的比较级less修饰。故填less。

(4)考查连词。句意:如果我们坚持这种做法,渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。此句用if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,而且在句首,首字母应大写。故填If。

(5)考查代词。句意:如果我们坚持这种做法,渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。反身代词指代主语,使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。根据句意可知,此处主语we 发出的动作施加在自己身上,应使用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。

(6)考查名词。句意:在用英语记日记的过程中,我们肯定遇到许多困难。此处前有many修饰,因此用名词复数。故填difficulties。

(7)考查代词。句意:首先,我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。此处代替句中的主语从句that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind,因此用形式主语it。It happens that. . . 固定句式,“碰巧……”故填it。

(8)考查固定搭配。句意:就我而言,我的建议是我们应该随时准备一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。as far as I am concerned固定短语,“就我而言”,根据语境可知,此处描述的是目前的状态,应使用一般现在时。故填am concerned。

(9)考查介词。句意:总之,我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。be of +抽象名词,表示人或物的特征;be of great use= be very useful“是很有用的”。故填of。

(10)考查冠词。句意:总之,我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。此处特指写作技巧的培养,应使用定冠词the。故填the。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,非谓语动词,连词,代词。名词,固定短语,介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

5.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ________ (early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ________ (spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ________ (say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ________ (match) were often

held inside the imperial palace.

Cuju was further developed ________. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. ________ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ________ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ________ (gradual) worldwide.

Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ________ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ________ (live) as Cuju players.

【答案】earliest;spread;is/was said;matches;in/during;which;It;gradually;professional;living

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前500年在中国发展起来的,当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代,蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展,并逐渐在世界范围内流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。

(1)考查形容词。句意:公元前500年左右,中国发明了蹴鞠,当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知,此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式,故要用最高级,填earliest。

(2)考查时态。句意:汉代,蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知,本空是谓语动词,其中的主语是蹴鞠,与动词spread二者是主动关系,此处的时间状语是“汉代”,要用一般过去时,故填spread。

(3)考查时态语态。句意:据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知,“南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”,既可以是现在大家说的,也可以是过去说的,所以既可用一般现在时,又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语从句,其中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词said是被动关系,是被说,因此要用被动语态。故填is/was said。

(4)考查名词。句意:蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知“蹴鞠比赛”不指一次,有许多次,可数名词match要用复数形式,故填matches。

(5)考查介词。句意:蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。此时可用“in/during”,故填in/during 。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:在当时的帝国首都长安,有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,其中的Chang'an是先行词,在定语从句中做主语,非限制性定语从句中做主语,指物,要用which,故填which。

(7)考查强调句型。句意:在这个时代,韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知,本句是强调句型“it is/was + 被强调部分+that +剩余部分”,句强调了时间状语during this age,去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填It。

(8)考查副词。句意:也就是在这个时期,类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行,并逐渐在世界范围内流行。空格处在句中修饰副词worldwide,修饰副词要用副词,故填gradually。

(9)考查形容词。句意:当时,职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知,本空格在句中作定语,修饰名词Cuju players,修饰名词要用形容词,故填professional。

(10)考查固定搭配。句意:一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的,另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。make a living,固定短语,“以......为生”。故填living。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态语态,名词,介词,定语从句,强调句,副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Despite many laws and national parks to protect tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still hunted. ________(sad), tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5,000 tigers ________ (leave) in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of ________(die) out in the wild. There are many reasons ________ this, like habitat loss and hunting.

Over the years, a number of steps ________ (take) to help preserve the tiger population. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) protects wildlife and habitats. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting ________great variety of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2010, WCS started Tigers Forever, ________ aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percent in the next 10 years. To achieve their goals, they are working together with governments and other________(organize) which are willing to take strong and effective measures to protect tigers and other wild species

Right now the tiger population ________(increase) under this program in India and in Far East Russia. Thanks to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a chance of survival in their ________ (nature) environments and not just in zoos years.

【答案】Sadly;left;dying;for;have been taken;a;whose;organizations;is increasing;natural

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,尽管有法律保护,也有自然公园,但老虎的栖息地还是不断被破坏,老虎依然遭到猎捕,老虎成了世界上最濒危物种之一。幸运的是,野生动物保护协会正在致力于保护它们。

(1)考查副词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子,作状语,故填Sadly。

(2)考查非谓语动词。tigers和leave之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,填left。

(3)考查非谓语动词。介词后接动名词作宾语,故填dying。

(4)考查介词。reason for固定短语,“……的原因”,故填for。

(5)考查时态语态。根据over the years判断为现在完成时,steps和take之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,故填have been taken。

(6)考查冠词。a variety of固定短语,“大量”,由great是辅音音素开头,故填a。

(7)考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词,先行词WCS started Tigers Forever在从句中充当形容词,故用关系代词whose,填whose。

(8)考查名词。此处应填名词作为介词with的宾语,由other判断用该名词的复数形式,故填organizations。

(9)考查时态。此处是句子谓语动词,根据right now判断为现在进行时,population做整体概念时,谓语动词使用单数形式,故填is increasing。

(10)考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为environment的定语,故填natural。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,介词,时态语态,冠词,定语从句,名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

7.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。

The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi'an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China.

A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province.

The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.

【答案】 dug;are piled;which;variety;and;as;that;making;lower;the

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格及给当地居民生活带来的益处。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋,用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。house与dig之间为被动关系,使用过去分词dug。故填dug。

(2)考查时态语态。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和

各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知,主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”,主句中存在不定式to form,stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系,且stonelabs为复数,因此横线上需填入被动语态形式are piled。故填are piled。(3)考查定语从句。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。此句为定语从句,先行词为横线前的一句话,在从句中作主语,应填入关系代词which。故填which。

(4)考查名词。句意:入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。a variety of固定短语,“各种各样的”,故填variety。

(5)考查连词。句意:窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling与earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系,应使用并列连词and。故填and。

(6)考查介词。句意:几个世纪以来,它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。be regarded as动词短语,“被视为”,故填as。

(7)考查表语从句。句意:窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为表语从句,且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词,题中所给词性为动词make,因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。

(9)考查形容词。句意:室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度,比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语境翻译可知,横线处意为“比…低”,使用low的比较级lower。故填lower。(10)考查冠词。句意:据统计,黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中,窑洞面积约60万平方公里分布于黄河中上游地区。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语,表示特指中上游地带,应使用定冠词,故填the。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态语态,定语从句,名词,连词,介词,表语从句,形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

8.阅读下面文,在空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China's Liangzhu Archaeological Site ________(declare) on the list of World Heritage sites on Saturday by UNESCO's World Heritage Committee during its 43rd session in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.

The site, ________is located in Yuhang District in Hangzhou City in China's eastern Zhejiang Province, showcases the civilization of prehistoric rice agriculture between 3,300 B.C. ________ 2,300 B.C. The ruins of ancient Liangzhu city were discovered in 2007, and then large dam sites ________(surround) the Liangzhu ancient city were unearthed continuously after 2009. It was ________ (official) submitted lo UNESCO in 2019, hoping to win ________ (recognize) as a World Cultural Heritage Site. The site ________ (include) archaeological remains and unearthed cultural relics of the Liangzhu Ancient City as well as a wetland that covers ________ area of 908. 89 hectares in a plain river network. It is also found that the Liangzhu ancestors started to use

characters about 5 ,000 years ago, 1 ,000 years ________ (early) than previously thought, according to Colin Renfrew, a retired professor of archaeology at the University of Cambridge.

The World Heritage Committee added Liangzhu to the UNESCO list ________(encourage) better protection of the site, considered to be of "outstanding universal value" to humanity.

【答案】was declared;which;and;surrounding;officially;recognition;includes;an;earlier;to encourage

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在阿塞拜疆首都巴库举行的第43届会议上,于周六宣布中国良渚遗址为世界遗产。同时说明了良渚遗址的一些情况。

(1)考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据时间状语on Saturday 可知为一般过去时,主语为Liangzhu Archaeological Site,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was declared。

(2)考查定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词site,且先行词在从句中做主语,表示“遗址”故用关系代词which。因此填which。

(3)考查连词。between…and…固定短语,“在……之间”。故填and。

(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:2007年发现良渚古城遗址,2009年以后,围绕良渚古城的大型水坝遗址陆续出土。分析句子结构可知surround在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语dam sites构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故填surrounding。

(5)考查副词。句意:它于2019年正式提交联合国教科文组织,希望获得世界文化遗产的认可。修饰句中动词submit应用副词,故填officially。

(6)考查名词。此处做win的宾语,且表示“认可”应用名词recognition。故填recognition。

(7)考查时态。本空为句子的谓语动词,且结合语境描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为site,故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填includes。

(8)考查冠词。area为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且area为元音音素开头的单词。cover an area of“占地.....面积”,故填an。

(9)考查形容词。根据下文“than previously thought”可知应用形容词比较级,故填earlier。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词added,分析句子结构可知encourage在句中做非谓语动词,且作目的状语故用不定式。故填to encourage。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,定语从句,连词,形容词,副词,名词,时态,冠词,形容词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

9.阅读下面材料.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people take the idea of saving money very seriously. Back in 1924, in Italy, a group of people________ (think) the inability to resist spending a major social problem. They had the idea of starting a day to remind people to put away some money for a rainy day. This is how World

Saving Day, held on Oct 31st ________(annual), was started, and it's still going strong in 2019.

Not surprisingly, a movement ________(target) the poor was started. People in the underdeveloped world are more open ________ calls to be careful with money. But ________ idea of being thrifty (节俭)has also become popular among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg for example. The Facebook founder, one of the world's ________(rich) people, doesn't spend very much money on himself.

Other people don't spend money because they don't like the culture of ________(consume). This is connected to the view ________ we should make ourselves happy through the activities we take part in, rather than with what we buy.

But however we view money moderate ________ (spend) is certainly a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is a British saying that offers some good advice in this situation: "Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after ________(they)."

【答案】thought;annually;targeting;to;the;richest;consumption;that;spending;themselves

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,如今人们对待金钱的看法,许多人非常认真地对待存钱的想法,节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。就此作者建议太年轻找不到工作的时候应当适度消费。

(1)考查时态。句意:早在1924年,在意大利,一群人认为无力抵制消费是一个重大的社会问题。结合上文in 1924可知应用一般过去时。故填thought。

(2)考查副词。句意:每年10月31日举行的世界储蓄日就是这样开始的,2019年仍将保持强劲势头。修饰动词hold应用副词。故填annually。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:毫不奇怪,一场针对穷人的运动开始了。分析句子结构可知target在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语movement构成主动关系,应用现在分词。故填targeting。

(4)考查介词。句意:欠发达国家的人们更愿意接受小心花钱的呼吁。be open to固定短语,“愿意接受……的”。故填to。

(5)考查冠词。句意:但节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。idea为可数名词,此处特指“节俭的观念”,应用定冠词。故填the。

(6)考查形容词。句意:这位Facebook的创始人,世界上最富有的人之一,并没有在自己身上花很多钱。结合句意表示“世界上最富有的人之一”应用形容词最高级。故填richest。

(7)考查名词。句意:其他人不花钱是因为他们不喜欢消费文化。of为介词,后跟名词做宾语,表示“消费”,故填consumption。

(8)考查同位语从句。句意:这与这样一种观点有关:我们应该通过参与活动而不是通过买东西来让自己快乐。本句为同位语从句修饰先行词view,且从句中不缺少成分应用that。故填that。

(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:但无论我们如何看待金钱,在我们还太年轻找不到工作的时候,适度的消费肯定是一个好主意。moderate为形容词修饰名词,表示“消费”,此处使用动名词。故填spending。

(10)考查代词。句意:在这种情况下,英国有句谚语提供了一些很好的建议:“积少成多”

谚语Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after themselves.“积少成多”,此处指代主语pounds,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态,副词,非谓语动词,介词,冠词,形容词,名词,同位语从句以及代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

10.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ________(death) a year, not just in________(develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China,people are well aware of the health problems it brings.

I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike________when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my________(perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China________(test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those________lived in more polluted areas were________ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart________on the brain.

This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ________ (many) problems we're storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government________(think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.

【答案】deaths;developing;it;performance;were tested;who;negatively;but;more;to think

【解析】【分析】本文是一则新闻报道,无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡,不仅在发展中国家,在英国和美国也是如此。最新研究表明,我们接触空气污染的时间越长,我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。

(1)考查名词。句意:无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡,不仅在发展中国家,在英国和美国也是如此。此处death“死亡的人数”,是可数名词,结合句意可知此处用复数形式,故填deaths。

(2)考查形容词。句意:无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡,不仅在发展中国家,在英国和美国也是如此。此处是“发展中的”,是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词,故填developing。

(3)考查代词。句意:我不喜欢空气不好的时候。此处it是形式宾语,when引导的从句是真正的宾语,故填it。

(4)考查名词。句意:我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,故填performance。

(5)考查时态语态。句意:在这项研究中,去年对中国各地的2.5万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语people,集体名词,和谓语动词test之间是一种被动关系,再根据In the study,是过去的事情,所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,故填were tested。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:他们发现,那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的结果受到了负面影响,尤其是在语言方面。此处those是先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,故填who。

(7)考查副词。句意:他们发现,那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的结果受到了负面影响,尤其是在语言方面。此处impacted是动词,由副词修饰,故填negatively。

(8)考查固定短语。句意:越来越多的证据表明,空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏,还会影响大脑。not just/only...but(also)...。固定短语,“不但......而且.....”,故填but。

(9)考查形容词。句意:这项研究表明,我们接触空气污染的时间越长,我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。the+比较级,the+比较级,固定句式,“越......,越......。”故填more。

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