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非谓语动词指在句中不充当谓语的动词，它不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词包括三种形式：分词、动词-ing形式和动词不定式。

【练习】

Ⅰ. 单项选择

( ) 1. — Would you like to have dinner with me?

—Sorry, I have a lot of housework .

A. to do

B. done

C. do

D. to be done

( ) 2. —I tried to make Kate her mind, but I found it hard.

—Well, I saw you that when I went past.

A. changes; do

B. changes; doing

C. to change; do

D. change; doing

( ) 3. — Oh, I had a terrible toothache.

—You’d better see a doctor and have your bad teeth out.

A. go to; pulling

B. to go to; pulled

C. go to; pulled

D. to go to; pulling

( ) 4. —Mr Wang, I have trouble the text.

—Remember it three times before you begin to understand it.

A. to understand; reading

B. understanding; reading

C. understanding; to read

D. to understand; to read

( ) 5. Don’t worry. We will do anything we can you.

A. help

B. to help

C. be helped

D. helped

( ) 6. —Did you let anyone the flowers?

—Yes, I had the flowers .

A. to water; water

B. to water; watered

C. water; to be watered

D. water; watered

( ) 7. Would you mind me a favor?

A. do

B. to do

C. doing

D. did

( ) 8. —Why not the Music Club?

— Sorr y, I can’t sing or dance.

A. to join

B. join

C. joining

D. join in

( ) 9. No matter how hard it is, we’ll keep until we make it.

A. failed

B. failing

C. tried

D. trying

( )10. What happened to the boy? He tried my questions.

A. to avoid answering

B. avoiding answering

C. to avoid to answer

D. avoiding to answer

( )11. We couldn’t help when Uncle Wang told us the news.

A. laugh

B. laughed

C. laughing

D. to laugh

( )12. — What should I do, doctor?

—healthy, you should take more exercise.

A. Keep

B. Keeping

C. To keep

D. Having kept

( ) 13. It took my daughter two weeks the novels by Liu Yong.

A. read; written

B. to read; written

C. reading; to write

D. to read; wrote

( )14. — Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise?

—Sure. Now let me tell you first.

A. which to do

B. how to do

C. when to do

D. what to do

( )15. When class begins, we stop to the teacher carefully.

A. listening

B. to listen

C. listens

D. listen

Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. I’m very glad (hear) that great changes have taken place in the past 30 years in our home town.

2. He was made (finish) a lot of work during the holiday.

3. You’d better (not take) the trousers away. Try them on first.

4. Now all the students are very busy (get) ready for the coming exam.

5. Has the doctor allowed her (get) out of bed?

6. I feel like (give) up Maths because it’s hard to learn.

7. That’s the end of the programme. Thanks for (listen).

8. (do) morning exercises is good for our health.

9. We are looking forward to (meet) a new classmate from America.

10. It’s very kind of you (tell) me about it.

11. —Hi, Mr Wang, could you help me (work) out the problem?

— OK, let me try.

12. I don’t think it easy for her (finish) the work in two days.

13. The doctor advised me (not eat) too much candy.

14. Look! There is a pet dog (lie) on the ground. Let’s go and play with it.

15. If you want to be healthy, you are supposed to give up (smoke).

【指点】

分词

分词分现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”形式构成，过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则形式。

现在分词和过去分词的区别：现在分词表示主动、实行之意，过去分词有被动、完成之意。动词-ing形式

常接动词-ing形式的动词（短语）：

完成实践值得忙（finish, practise, be worth, be busy）

继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up）

考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）

喜欢错过要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）

动词不定式

一、基本形式：to +动词原形，如to walk。

否定形式：not+基本形式（短语），如not to watch TV。

当我们需要表明动词不定式中的这个动作是谁发出时，我们能够用带逻辑主语的不定式：for sb. + 基本形式（短语），如for us to finish the work。此外还有一种形式，即带疑问词的动词不定式：疑问词+基本形式（短语），如what to do。

注意：1. 作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：To learn English well is not easy.

2. 如果主语较长，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在谓语之后，常用结构为it is + adj. + (for / of sb. / sth.) + to do sth. 如：It’s important for us to learn English well.

二、动词不定式常用于以下这些动词之后：

1. 不定式作宾语用于：“要想做，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量做。”

A. 要求、想要、希望(want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean)

B. 同意(agree, promise)

C. 意愿(care, hate, refuse)

D. 决定，企图(decide, offer, attempt, try, manage)

2. 不定式作宾语补足语用于：劝教命请叫(advise, teach, order, ask, tell)

允许又警告(allow, permit, warn)

三、有些动词后需接省略to的动词不定式。

一感一助一最好，二听二请二为什么不，三使四看半协助，无to不定式记心中。

说明：一感：feel（感觉）；一助：即助动词do，does，did，will / shall，包括情态动词can，may，must等，但不包括现在完成时中的have / has；一最好：had better；二听：listen to，hear；二请：副词please后，will you please …；二为什么不：why not，why don’t you …；三使：make, let, have；四看：look at, see, watch, notice; 半协助：help后可加to也可不加to。

注意：一感、二听、三使、四看在主动语态中省略to，但在被动语态当中to不能省略。四、有些动词后面既可接动词不定式，又可接动词-ing形式。

hear, watch, see等接不定式表示全过程或完成，接动词-ing形式表示正在实行。

stop to do sth. 表示停下来去做另一件事；

stop doing sth. 表示停止正在做的事情。

forget / remember to do sth. 表示忘记（记住）去做某事，事情还没有做；

forget / remember doing sth. 表示忘记（记得）做过某事。

try to do sth. 设法或者努力做某事

try doing sth. 尝试做某事

mean to do sth. 打算、想做某事

mean doing sth. 意味着做某事

go on to do sth. 放下手中的事，继续去做别的事

go on doing sth. 继续做原来的事情

五、have sb. do sth.和have sb. / sth.doing sth.的区别

1. have sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。如：

The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵让这男孩背对父亲站着。

Have the driver drive the car here at 4 o’clock. 让司机四点钟把车开过来。

2. have sb. / sth. doing sth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”，动词-ing形式表示的动作往往具有持续、实行的含义。如：

The two men had their lights burning all night long. 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。

They tried to have her talking, but there was no use．他们尽力让她一直说话，但没用。

另：have sth. done 意为“把某事做好”。

Key：

Ⅰ. 1-5 ADCCB 6-10 DCBDA 11-15 CCBDB

Ⅱ. 1. to hear 2. to finish 3. not take

4. getting

5. to get

6. giving

7. listening 8. Doing 9. meeting

10. to tell 11. (to) work 12. to finish

13. not to eat 14. lying 15. smoking

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5、Entering the house, I found Jane ____ at the desk and ____ something、 A、 seat; write B、 sitting; writing C、 seating; writing D、 seated; to write 6、____ so many people in the hall, I had to push my way to the front、 A、 Being B、 There were C、 There being D、 As being 7、--- What would you like for breakfast?--- I don’t feel like ____、 A、 to eat something B、 eating anything C、 to eat anything D、 eating nothing 8、He got out of the car, ____ to the nearest house and telephoned his friend for help、 A、 walked

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一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受

worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.

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