上海师范大学卜友红教授语音学笔试试卷

上海师范大学 外国语 学院（部）期末考试

语音 试卷

专业: 英语专业 课程代码: 学号: 姓 名:

I. Mark the stress of the following according to the meaning described in the brackets (10%)

Examples: black board (one that is black)

black board (one that is used for classroom teaching)

1. Chinese teacher (who teaches Chinese)

Chinese teacher (who is Chinese) 2. green house (glass building for plants) green house (one that is green) 3. cross word (type of puzzle) cross word (angry word) 4. dry goods (goods that are dry) dry goods (drapery 布匹) 5. swimming baby swimming-pool

phonetic description. (10%)

For example / u / high back loose/short vowel

1.__________ voiceless bilabial plosive

2.__________ voiced alveolar fricative

3.__________ velar nasal

4.__________ palatal semi-vowel

5.__________ voiced palatal-alveolar affricate

6.__________ high back long vowel

7.__________ low front unrounded vowel

8.__________ high front tense vowel

9.__________ low central vowel

10.__________ mid front vowel

III. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or

False (10%)

( ) 1. A phoneme has only one allophone.

( ) 2. English consonants are voiced or voiceless.

( ) 3. Your tongue should be higher when pronouncing / u: / than /?/.

( )4. / s / and / z / have the same place of articulation.

( ) 5. When pronouncing a diphthong, the first part is shorter and weaker

than the second part.

( ) 6. English phonetics is the science of English speech sounds. It deals with the sound system of the English language.

( ) 7. A consonant is a sound produced without obstruction in the oral cavity,

while a vowel is a sound produced with an obstruction.

( ) 8. The mostly used vowel in En glish is called “schwa”. The symbol phonetically is / ? /. It is used in unstressed syllable.

( ) 9. We have both falling and rising diphthongs in Chinese sound system,

but in English there are only falling diphthongs.

( ) 10. Generally speaking, front vowels are pronounced with rounded lips,

while back vowels with spread lips.

IV ．Fill in each blank with one word or one phoneme. (20%)

1. The four bilabials in English consonants are________, ________, ________, and /w/. The voiceless bilabial is ________.

2. / t / is different from / d / because / t / is ________, while / d / is ________.

3. Dark [?] comes after a ________ or before a ________.

4. A vowel sound, which functions as a single phoneme but which is formed by a glide from one vowel to another, is known as a ___________.

5. By ___________ we mean the rise and fall of the voice, or the pitch variations in connected speech. It is the speech tunes or melodies, the musical features of English.

6. When we analyze an English monophthong, we should pay attention to the height of the tongue, the ___________ of the tongue and the ___________ of the lips.

7. There are mainly two kinds of phonetic transcriptions. The one which uses more than one symbol to illustrate a phoneme is known as ___________ Transcription, while the one which use only one symbol to illustrate a phoneme is known as __________ Transcription.

8. Sounds produced by raising the tongue-tip to the teeth ridge are called ___________.

9. Use ________ tone on complete, definite statements, and ________ tone in statements implying “but”.

10. The three approximants are ________, ________, and ________.

V . Mark out the component parts of the following

tone-group (10%)

Example: There ’s plenty of time to pre pare the lesson.

There ’s plenty of time to pre pare the les son. Pre-head Nucleus Tail

1. I get up at six every morning.

2.

I think it’

s quite possible.

3.

Are you coming to morrow?

4.It’s going to rain, I’m a fraid.

5.

Birds of a

feather flock to gether.

VI. Diagrammatize the intonation of the following

(10%)

Example:

I didn’t sleep a wink last night.

1. I t’s milk. Is it milk?

2 Train tickets are going to be cheaper next month.

3. Will you come to tea to morrow?

4. I didn’t notice any difference.

5.

It was seven o’

clock on a ↑cold De cember morning.

VII.Answer the questions and use examples to

illustrate your answers. (30%)

1.What is sentence stress? What kinds of words are usually stressed in a sentence and what kinds of words are not?

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2.In what ways do the English vowels / u: / and / ? / differ from each other?

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