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仁爱版英语七年级下Unit7 topic1 知识清单
仁爱版英语七年级下Unit7 topic1 知识清单

仁爱版英语七年级下Unit 7 知识清单

Topic 1

语法聚焦

一般过去式

1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 a minute ago,

two days / months / years ago, yesterday, last year, in those days, just now,in 1990等表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

(1)过去存在的状态。My father was at work yesterday afternoon.

(2)过去某个时间发生的动作。I got up at 6:30 yeste rday.

(3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.

2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:

(1)am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)

(2)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)

(3)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,

即否句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

Eg:Were you born in July,1999?

—Yes, I was./No,I wasn’t.

3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子(行为动词一般过去时态)

否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

Eg:Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?

Eg:What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?

Eg:Who went to home yesterday?

4.动词过去式变化规则:

(1) 规则动词一般在动词末尾直接加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

(2) 结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted, move-moved

(3) 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节

应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed. 如:stop-stopped, plan-planned

(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed, 如:study-studied

(5)不规则动词过去式:

am/is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, put-put, make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew, fly-flew, ride-rode,

speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat,drink-drank

Section A

1.—When was he born,do you know? 你知道他什么时候出生的吗?

--He was born in June,1985. 他出生在1985年6月。

(1)was是be动词的过去式之一,用于一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。通常be动词有如下形式变化:

was not

(A)am,is-过去式-was-否定式-

wasn’t

Be (句子主语为第一、第三人称单数)

were not

(B) are-过去式-were-否定式-

weren’t

(句子主语为第二人称或者第一、二、三人称复数)

Be动词的过去式用法与am、is、are在各种句式中的用法一致。

(2) be born意为“出生,出世”当说明某人的出生情况时,通常用一般过去时was born或were born。例如:When was Tom born? 汤姆什么时候出生的?

in+年份、月份

(3)be born

On+具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上

例如:Were you born in January?

Mike was born on February 17th 1985.

of/to 由…所生

(4)be born

On 出身(生)与…家庭

例如:He was born of/to German parents.他的生身父母是德国人。

She was born into a very musical family.她生于音乐之家。

2. fan名词“崇拜者,....迷,风扇”

例如:He is a big fan of Michael Jackson.

I cool myself in front of an electric fan.

Section B

1.基数词变序数词规律:

一二三特殊记,th从四加起;

八去t,九去e,f来把ve替;

ty变成tie, 若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以.

2.-What’s the date today?

- It’s May 8th.

询问日期和询问星期一样,回答一般用it。在询问过去日期时,谓语动词用was,但是在询问未来日期时,常用一般现在时。

例如- What’s the date tomorrow?

- It’s June 6th.

-What was the date yesterday?

-It was August 10th,2008.

3.英语中日期有以下两种表示法:

⑴美式写法:月份+日期,+年份。如:

May 21th ,2001(2001年5月21日)

读作:May (the)twenty-first,two thousand and one.

⑵英式写法:日期+月份,+年份。

May 21th ,2001(2001年5月21日)

读作:the twenty-fifth of May,two thousand and one

注意:年份之前的逗号不能省去。

4.be coming意为“就要到来”是现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。

运用这种时态的还有go, leave , arrive等。

例如:The train is 10 arriving at 10 am.

I am leaving to minutes later.

5.plan既可做动词(v.),也可做名词(n.)其用法如下:

plan to do sth 计划干某事

We plan to run a supermarket next month.

安排,计划

plan sth 计划,安排某事

We’re planning a plan .

6.celebrate (v.) 庆祝,举行(仪式,庆典)动词

celebration (n.) 庆祝,庆典名词

celebrated (adj.) 有名的,著名的形容词(同义词:famous)

例如:He is a celebrated actor.

We will celebrate your birthday with a party.

The celebration of our National Day is really amazing.

Section C

1.—Mm, what’s the shape of your present?

--It’s round . --它是圆的。

(1)What’s the shape of …?=What shape is …? ……是什么形状的?

例如:What’s the shape of the dust bin?

---What shape is the dust bin?

(2)round在此处是形容词,作表语,意为“远的、球形的”

例如:I have got a round dish.

拓展:circle 的用法

(1)n. 意为“圆;圈子,社会”等。

例如:Let’s make a circle and play a game.

(2)v. 意为“画圈,圈出”等。

例如:The teacher asks students to circle the words when they made a mistake.

2.—What color is it? 它是什么颜色的?

--It’s black and white.他是黑白相间的。

类似短语还有red and white,(红白相间)black and blue译作“青一块,紫一块”。

3.Oh,I get it, It’s a soccer ball.噢!我明白了,它是个足球。

I get it.=I see.意为“我明白了” ,“我知道了”,此句中get的意思为“明白、理解,相当于know或understand”。但get在不同的语境中可有不同含义。

例如:I get a letter today.

We’ll be late. Let’s get a taxi.

4.—How long / wide is it? 它有多长?

--It’s 24 centimeters long / wide.

How long 既可询问物体长度,也可询问时间长短。

例如: How long can I keep this book? 这本书我能借多久?

--Two weeks.

How long is the desk?

-- It’s two meters.

5.—What do we use it for? 我们用它来做什么?

--We use it keep pencils,rulers,erasers and so on.

use sth. for sth./doing sth.= use sth to do sth. 用某物来做某事。

注意:What…use sth. for?为固定句型。

6.It’s 6.4 centimeters wide.

(1)句中6.4读作six point four

(2)英语中表达长、宽、高时,常先说数字,再说单位。

而表示长、宽、高的形容词放在最后。

例如:That man is 2 meters tall. 那个人2米高。

7. 24cm×6.4cm读作twenty-four centimenters times six point four centimenters

Section D

1.a berutiful light blue dress

名词前面如果有多个形容词作定语时,形容词排列的顺序是:

限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等)+数词(基数词和序数词)+描绘形容词(短词在前,长词在后)+表示特征的形容词(大小、长短、形状、新旧、年龄等)+表颜色的形容词+表属类的形容词(表示国家地区的专有名词、表材料质地的词)+修饰性的名词或动名词(多表示重要特点)+名词。

例如:the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge 第一座美丽的中国小白石桥

a happy middle-aged Japanese women 一位开心的中年日本妇女

2.“为某人买某物”常用buy sb.sth. / buy sth. for sb.(buy 的过去式为bought)

例如:My father bought me a new computer yesterday.

=My father bought a mew computer for me yesterday.

3.do some cleaning (do+some+v.ing为一种固定结构.有时候可用the替换some)

例如:do some/the shopping 购物do some reading 看书

do some washing 洗东西(衣服)

【注意】do+some+v.ing 是固定结构,在把含有这种结构的句子改为疑问句和否

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例如:Do you often help your mother do some washing on Sunday?

Aunt Li was not well,so she didn’t do some cleaning yesterday.

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