【校本课程教材】《高中英语美文阅读与欣赏》校本课程教材

高中英语读写校本课程----“英语美文阅读与欣赏”

Contents

Part I Myths and Tales神话传说

Lesson 1 The Little Match Girl (2)

Lesson 2 The Pied Piper of Hamelin (8)

Lesson 3 Pangu Separates Sky fro m Earth (15)

PartⅡFigure stories人物故事

Lesson 1自由斗士曼德拉 (17)

Lesson 2 Pop Star and Songwriter: Han Hong (20)

Lesson 3 Louis Armstrong (24)

Part ⅢSocial customs社会风情

Lesson 1 The Origin of Kiss (27)

Lesson 2 International Left-hander’s Day (31)

Lesson 3 Make Sports a Kind of Culture (34)

Part ⅣLife attitudes and ambitions人生态度与理想

Lesson 1 You Are the World (39)

Lesson 2 Facing Life Positively (44)

Lesson 3 Honesty (49)

PartⅤ History and Culture历史文化

Lesson 1 Studying difference (52)

Lesson 2 Spring Festival’s Symbols (56)

Lesson 3 Cleopatra, Queen (60)

PartⅥScience and Economy科学与经济

Lesson 1 Greenhouse Effect Occurred 5,000 Years Ago (63)

Lesson 2 China’s New “Four Great Inventions” (69)

Lesson 3 China’s launching plans for Shenzhou 7 (73)

Part I Myths and Tales神话传说

Lesson 1 The Little Match Girl

卖火柴的小女孩

Once upon a time, a little girl tried to make a living by selling matches in the street.

It was New Year’s Eve and the snow clad streets were deserted. From brightly lit windows came the tinkle (发出清脆的声响)of laughter and the sound of singing. People were getting ready to bring in the New Year. But the poor little match seller sat sadly beside the fountain. Her ragged dress and worn scarf did not keep out the cold and she tried to keep her bare feet from touching the frozen ground. She hadn’t sold one box of matches all day and she was frightened to go home, for her father would certainly be angry. It wouldn’t be much warmer anyway, in the draughty attic (阁楼) that was her home. The little girl’s fingers were frozen with cold. If only she could light a match! But what would her father say at such a waste! Falteringly (迟疑地)she took out a match and lit it. What a

nice warm flame! The little match seller cupped her hand over it, and as she did so, she magically saw in its light a big brightly burning stove.

She held out her hands to the heat, but just then the match went out and the vision faded. The night seemed blacker than before and it was getting colder. A shiver (寒噤) ran through the little girl’s thin body. After hesitating for a long time, she struck another match on the wall, and this time, the glimmer turned the wall into a great sheet of crystal. Beyond that stood a fine table laden with food and lit by a candlestick. Holding out her arms towards the plates, the little match seller seemed to pass through the glass, but then the match went out and the magic faded. Poor thing: in just a few seconds she had caught a glimpse of everything that life had denied her: warmth and good things to eat. Her eyes were filled with tears and she lifted her gaze to the lit windows, praying that she too might know a little of such happiness.

She lit the third match and an even more wonderful thing happened. There stood a Christmas tree hung with hundreds of candles, glittering (闪烁) with tinsel (金属箔) and colored balls. “Oh. How lovely!” shouted the little match seller, holding up the match. Then, the match burned her finger and went out. The light from the Christmas candles rose higher and higher, then one of the lights fell, leaving a trail behind it. “Someone is dying,” murmured the little girl, as s he remembered her beloved Granny who used to say: “When a star falls, a heart stops beating!”

Scarcely aware of what she was doing, the little match seller lit another match. This time, she saw her grandmother.

“Granny, stay with me!” she pleaded, as she lit one match after the other, so that her grandmother could not disappear like all the other visions. However, Granny did not disappear but gazed smilingly at her. Then she opened her arms and the little girl hugged her crying: “Granny, take me away with you!”

A cold day dawned and a pale sun shone on the fountain and the icy road. Close by lay the lifeless body of a little girl surrounded by spent matches.

“Poor little thing!” exclaimed the passers-by. “She was trying to keep warm!”

But by that time, the little match seller was far away where there is neither cold, hunger nor pain.

I Aims and Demands（教学目的和要求）

To learn a story about the little match girl written by Anderson.

ⅡKey Points and Special Difficulties（重点和难点）

Key points: to grasp some useful words and expressions

deserted, fade, strike, hesitate, deny, exclaim, glimpse, aware, be frozen with, go out, strike a match, catch a glimpse of

Special difficulties:

1) to learn Inversion.

2) to learn v-ed phrases used as modifiers

ⅢTeaching Aids and Approaches（教具及教学方法）

Multi-media, Task-based approach and the integrated approach

ⅣBrief Teaching Procedures（教学过程）

Step1 Background information（背景知识）

Do you know about the great tale writer Anderson?

Can you list some of his masterpieces?

Step2 Fast reading（快速阅读）

Read the passage quickly and answer（快速阅读并回答下列问题）:

1) Why didn’t the little girl strike a match to keep herself warm?

2) What did the little girl see when the last vision appeared?

Keys（参考答案）:

1) She was afraid that her father would be angry.

2) She saw her beloved grandmother who had died.

Step3 Careful reading（细读）

1. What visions did the little match seller see? What did they mean to her?

(a big brightly burning stove→warmth; a fine table laden with food→good things to eat; a Christmas tree hung with candles→joy and happiness; her grandmother→love and care)

2. Translate the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.

1) From brightly lit windows came the tinkle of laughter and the sound of singing.

2) Her ragged dress and worn scarf did not keep out the cold and she tried to keep her bare feet from touching the frozen ground.

3) Beyond that stood a fine table laden with food and lit by a candlestick.

4) Her eyes were filled with tears and she lifted her gaze to the lit windows, praying that she too might know a little of such happiness.

5) There stood a Christmas tree hung with hundreds of candles, glittering with tinsel and colored balls.

6) Close by lay the lifeless body of a little girl surrounded by spent matches.

7) If only she could light a match!

8) A cold day dawned and a pale sun shone on the fountain and the icy road.

9) But by that time, the little match seller was far away where there is neither cold, hunger nor pain.

What characteristics do the underlined parts have? What function? (They are all v-ed phrases, which are used as modifiers.)

Step4 Key patterns(主要句型)

Analyze the sentence below:

From brightly lit windows came the tinkle of laughter and the sound of singing.

This is an inverted sentence. The subject of the sentence is “the tinkle of laughter and the sound of singing”, and “came” functions as the predicate. Find out more similar sentence structures in the passage.

(Beyond that stood a fine table laden with food and lit by a candlestick. There stood a Christmas tree hung with hundreds of candles…

Close by lay the lifeless body of a little girl surrounded by spent matches.)

Step5 Homework（作业）

Rewrite the story. (With about 200 words.)

Step6 Assessment（评价）

Words and expressions（词和短语）

1. deserted adj.冷清清的

2. draughty adj. 漏风的

3. vision n.景象

4. fade v .消逝，消失

5. strike vt. 擦（火柴）；击打

6. hesitate v. 迟疑，犹豫

7. glimpse n .v. 一瞥

8. deny v.否定，否认

9. pray v. n. 祈祷10. aware adj.意识到，觉察11. exclaim v.呼喊，惊叫

Lesson 2 The Pied Piper of Hamelin

哈米伦的吹笛人

The piper

They came from the hills And they came from the valleys and the plains They struggled in the cold

In the heat and the snow and in the rain

Came to hear him play

Play their minds away

*We're all following a strange melody

We're all summoned by a tune

We're following the piper

And we dance beneath the moon

We're following the piper

And we dance beneath the moon for him

And we dance beneath the moon

They came from the south From the west and the north and from the east They waited for the man

Like a parish is waiting for the priest

Longed to hear him play

Play their minds away

He gave them a dream He seduced everybody in the land

The fire in his eyes 吹笛人 阿巴合唱团 他们来自山坡

来自山谷，来自平原

他们在寒冷中挣扎 在酷热、冰雪、大雨中挣扎 只为了听他的演奏 来使他们丧失理智 我们都跟随着一段诡异的旋律 我们都受某种音调的召唤 我们都追随着吹笛人 在月光下起舞 我们都追随着吹笛人 在月光下为他起舞 在月光下起舞 他们从南方来

从西方、北方、东方前来

他们都在等他 像信徒们等待着牧师 等着听他演奏 来使他们丧失理智 他给了人们一个梦境 他诱惑着每一个人 他的眼里有火在烧

And the fear was a weapon in his hand

So they let him play

Play their minds away

恐惧便是他手里的武器

于是，人们任他吹奏

来使他们丧失理智

这首歌的故事背景取材自《格林童话》里的＜哈米伦的吹笛人＞。一二八四年，哈米伦市鼠患严重，市民公开悬赏，只要有人能除去鼠患，必有重赏。不久，来了一位吹笛人，他吹起梦幻般的音乐，全城的老鼠仿佛被催眠一般，随着笛声通通跳进了河里，鼠患于是宣告解除。

没想到事过之后，哈米伦市民却不愿信守承诺，拒绝付钱给吹笛人。吹笛人一气之下，再度吹起有魔力的笛音，这回跟在他身后起舞的，却是全城所有的小孩，市民眼睁睁看着孩子跟着吹笛人走出城外，从此一去不返，音讯全无，但后悔也来不及了。

Once upon a time, on the banks of a great river in the north of Germany lay a town called Hamelin. The citizens of Hamelin were honest people who lived contentedly in their grey stone houses. The years went by, and the town grew very rich. Then one day, an extraordinary thing happened to disturb the peace. Hamelin had always had rats, and a lot too. But they had never been a danger, for the cats had always solved the rat problem in the usual way—by killing them. All at once, however, the rats began to multiply.

In the end, a black sea of rats swarmed over the whole town. First, they attacked the barns and storehouses then, for lack of anything better, they gnawed（啃）the wood, cloth or anything at all. The one thing they didn’t eat was metal. The terrified citizens flocked to plead with the town councilors（委员会）to free them from the plague of rats（鼠疫）. But the council had, for a long time, been sitting in the Mayor’s room, trying to think of a plan.

“What we need is an army of cats!”

But all the cats were dead.

“We’ll put down poisoned food then…”

But most of the food was already gone and no poison stopped the rats.

“It just can’t be done without help!” said the Mayor sadly.

Just then, while the citizens milled around outside, there was a loud knock at the door. “Who can that be?” the city fathers wondered uneasily, mindful of the angry crowds. They gingerly opened the door. And to their surprise, there stood a tall thin man dressed in brightly colored clothes, with a long feather in his hat, and waving a gold pipe at them.

“I’ve freed other towns of beetles and bats,” the stranger announced, “and for a thousand florins, I’ll rid you of your rats.”

“A thousand florins!”exclaimed the Mayor. “We’ll give you fifty thousand if you succeed!” At once the stranger hurried away, saying, “It’s late now, but at dawn tomorrow, there won’t be a rat left in Hamelin!”

The sun was still below the horizon, when the sound of a pipe wafted through the streets of Hamelin. The pied piper slowly made his way through the houses and behind him flocked the rats. Out they scampered from doors, windows and gutters (沟), rats of every size, all after the piper. And as he played, the stranger marched down to the river and straight into the water, up to his middle. Behind him swarmed the rats and every one was drowned and swept away by the current.

By the time the sun was high in the sky, there was not a single rat in the town. There was even greater delight at the town hall, until the piper tried to claim his payment. “Fifty thousand florins?”exclaimed the councilors, “Never…”

“A thousand florins at least!”cried the pied piper angrily. But the Mayor broke in. “The rats are all dead now and they can never come back. So be grateful for fifty florins, or you’ll not get even that…”

His eyes flashing with anger, the pied piper pointed a threatening finger at the Mayor.

“You’ll bitterly regret ever breaking your promise,”he said, and disappeared.

A shiver of fear ran through the councilors, but the Mayor shrugged and said excitedly, “We’ve saved fifty thousand florins!”

That night, freed from the nightmare of the rats, the citizens of Hamelin slept more soundly than ever. And when the strange sound of

piping wafted through the streets at dawn, only the children heard it. Drawn as by magic, they hurried out of their homes. Again, the pied piper paced through the town, this time, it was children of all sizes that flocked at his heels to the sound of his strange piping. The long procession soon left the town and made its way through the wood and across the forest till it reached the foot of a huge mountain. When the piper came to the dark rock, he played his pipe even louder still and a great door creaked open. Beyond lay a cave. In trooped the children behind the pied piper, and when the last child had gone into the darkness, the door creaked shut. A great landslide（山崩）came down the mountain blocking the entrance to the cave forever. Only one little lame boy escaped this fate. It was he who told the anxious citizens, searching for their children, what had happened. And no matter what people did, the mountain never gave up its victims. Many years were to pass before the merry voices of other children would ring through the streets of Hamelin but the memory of the harsh lesson lingered in everyone’s heart and was passed down from father to son through the centuries.

I Aims and Demands（教学目的和要求）

To learn a tale--The Pied Piper of Hamelin and get the students to know the importance of honesty.

ⅡKey Points and Special Difficulties（重点和难点）

Key points: to grasp some useful expressions

all at once, free sb. from…, rid…of…, make one’s way, break in Special difficulties: to understand Inversion.

ⅢTeaching Aids and Approaches（教具及教学方法）

Multi-media, Task-based approach and the integrated approach

ⅣBrief Teaching Procedures（教学过程）

Step1 Fast reading（快速阅读）

Read the passage quickly and answer some questions（快速阅读并回答下列问题）:

1) What trouble did the citizens of Hamelin have?

2) What was the result of their breaking the promise?

Keys（参考答案）:

1) There were too many rats in the town for them to live a normal life.

2) All the children but one were drawn into the cave and killed.

Step2 Careful reading（细读）

1. What words did the author use to indicate that the plague of rats was too terrible?

(a black sea, swarmed the whole town, gnawed everything except metal, need an army of cats…)

2. Find out inverted sentences in the passage.

(…, on the banks of a great river in the north of Germany lay a town called Hamelin.

…, there stood a tall thin man dressed in brightly colored clothes…Behind him swarmed the rats….

The pied piper slowly made his way through the houses and behind him flocked the rats.

Beyond lay a cave.

In trooped the children behind the pied piper.)

3. Key expressions (要点表达)

1) all at once = all of a sudden/ suddenly 突然

2）And to their surprise, there stood a tall thin man dressed in brightly colored clothes, with a long feather in his hat, and waving a gold pipe at them.

“dressed in brightly colored clothes, with a long feather in his hat, and waving a gold pipe at them”is used to modify the subject “a tall thin man”.

3）There was even greater delight at the town hall, until the piper tried to claim his payment.

“claim” in the sentence means “ask for”.

4) His eyes flashing with anger, the pied piper pointed a threatening finger at the Mayor.

“His eyes flashing with anger”是独立主格结构，在句中用作状语。5) It was he who told the anxious citizens, searching for their children, what had happened.

该句为强调句型, searching for their children为现在分词短语作定语修饰the anxious citizens。

Step3 Classroom activities（课堂活动）

Divide the class into groups of four and discuss:

What lesson can we learn from the passage?

What do you think is very important in getting along well with others? Step4. Homework（作业）

Get the students to tell the story to their family members.

Step5 Assessment（评价）

Words and expressions（词和短语）

1. multiply v.增加

2. content adj. 满足

3. swarm v.密集

4. flock v. 聚集

5. uneasily adv.不安地

6. threaten v.威胁

7. claim v.索取，索赔8. current n. 水流

9. procession n.队伍10. troop v. 群集

11. harsh adj. 严厉的12. block v. 封锁

13. all at once 突然14. rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱……

15. make one’s way 前进16. break in 插嘴，插话

Lesson 3盘古开天地

Pangu Separates Sky from Earth

China has a history longer than that of any other present-day nation, containing a plethora of myths and legends. Regarded as the "Chinese Adam" by Westerners, the first figure in China's history was named Pangu.

According to legend, in the beginning, there was only darkness and chaos, and the sky and earth were one blurred entity. This vast "egg," as the Chinese call it, was subjected to two opposing forces or principles. The interaction between the two forces the yin (passive or negative female principle) and yang (active or positive male principle) gave birth to Pangu, causing the egg's shell to crack.

Pangu has been depicted in many ways. He sometimes appears as a dwarf

with two horns on his head, clothed in skins or leaves, and holding a hammer in one hand and a chisel in the other or the symbol of the yin and yang . Pang has also been portrayed holding the sun in one hand and the moon in the other. He is often accompanied by his companions, the four supernatural animals: the phoenix, dragon, unicorn and tortoise.

The separation of the sky and earth took 18,000 years to complete: the yang, which was light and pure, rose to become the sky; the yin , which was heavy and murky, sank to form the earth. Between the sky and earth was Pangu, who underwent nine changes every day: His wisdom greater than that of the sky and his ability greater than that of the earth. Every day the sky rose ten feet, the earth became ten feet thicker and Pangu grew ten feet taller. Another 18,000 years passed and the sky was very high; the earth, dense and Pangu, extremely tall. His body then dissolved and his head became the mountains; his breath, the wind and clouds; his voice, the thunder; his left eye, the sun and his right eye, the moon. Pangu's beard became the stars; his four limbs, the four quadrants of the globe; his blood, the rivers and his veins and muscles, the layers of the earth. His flesh became the soil; his skin and hair, the trees and plants; his semen, pearls; his marrow, precious stones and his sweat turned into rain. All in all, Pangu and the universe became one.

（泛读材料）

PartⅡFigure stories人物故事

Lesson 1自由斗士曼德拉

纳尔逊·曼德拉出生于南非特兰斯凯一个大酋长家庭，曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。他成功地组织并领导了“蔑视不公正法令运动”，赢得了全体黑人的尊敬。曼德拉曾在牢中服刑了27年，在其40年的政治生涯中获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。被尊称为南非国父。

Nelson Mandela 纳尔逊曼德拉

University College of Fort Hare 海尔堡大学

Johannesburg 约翰内斯堡

ANC (African National Congress) Youth League 非洲人国民大会（非国大）青年联盟

South African

Afrikaner-dominated 南非白人统治的

Mandela 曼德拉

South Africa