上海市静安区2015年4月高三英语二模试卷解读

静安、青浦、宝山区2015届高三第二学期教学质量检测(二模)

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

You took a midterm exam (25)_____(hope) to get a 95 percent. When you got your test paper back, you received only a 70 percent. How do you handle the situation? Do you

1. make a study plan for (26)_______(improve) your grade;

2. keep doing what you’re doing and hope for the best next time;

3. use a persuasive argument to try and convince your teacher to give you (27)______ better grade?

Your answer to the above question shows your EQ, your emotional intelligence. What exactly is EQ? Psychologists Peter Salovey and John Mayer define it as the ability to understand your own feelings and emotions and (28)______ of others.

Research supports the significance of EQ. A 40-year study of 450 boys found that IQ wasn’t the only thing that affected life success. The qualities that did were the ability (29)_____(handle) frustration, control emotions and get along with other people.

Can you improve a low EQ? Yes! Start by noticing how you feel. That’s the first step in becoming more skillful at managing your feelings. Second ,pay attention to how you behave when you feel certain emotions. Then analyze (30)______ that effects your daily life. Next, take responsibility for your feelings and actions. They come from you and no one else. Then you (31)_________(have) a higher EQ--- and likely have a happier and more rewarding life as well.

B

Imagine shopping in another country and spotting a beautiful scarf. The salesperson tells you the price, (32)_______ it’s more than you want to buy. What do you do?

The answer depends largely on what part of the world you are in. Are you visiting Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America or Africa? In these places, prices often are not set in stone. In fact, customers (33)______(expect) to bargain before agreeing to a price.

On the other hand, in North America, Europe and Australia, bargaining is rare and often not allowed. The price (34)____(list) on a price tag cannot be changed.

Large stores and malls usually don’t allow bargaining. On the other hand, outdoor stalls and flea markets, even in Western countries, usually allow bargaining. When in doubt, consult a guidebook ---or (35)_______(good) yet, a local friend.

(36)______bargaining custom vary, a few rules of etiquette apply in most cultures. First, avoid wasting people’s time. If you don’t intend to make a purchase, don’t start bargaining. While bargaining, it is OK to walk away. But once you agree to a price, you (37)_____ buy the item.

Even in countries (38)____ don’t allow bargaining, you may find plentiful opportunities to save money. Many stores sell old items on clearance. Others offer discount cards to regular customers. Some of these can function as credit cards

(39)_____ the store, and a few can even be used elsewhere.

(40)______ you go, understanding local customs can help you find good prices. Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. accounted

B. limited

C. commercials

D. popular

E. overnight

F. helped

G. increased

H. symbols

I. though

J. talented

K. fashion

The next time you watch NBA playoff action on TV, take a close look at the shoes that many players are wearing . Gone, for the most part, are the ankle-hugging high-tops that supposedly ____41____ to protect players from injury.

The change over the last few years to low- top sneakers(运动鞋) seems to go against conventional wisdom. Strangely, __42___, Steven Nash and Kobe Bryant, two of the most __43__players with the Los Angeles Lakers, aren’t worried.

According to the US market-research firm NPD Group, high-tops once ___44__ for about 20 percent of the US basketball shoe market. Now, the number has sunk to about 8 percent. Low-tops, the kind that Nash and Bryant wear, have grown to 29 percent, from just 11 percent in 2002.

High-top sneakers are one of the most celebrated __45___ in modern basketball. After the 1985 Air Jordans so transformed the market, shoe companies began battling one another. They put air pumps in the tongues of their shoes and made carefully prepared and organized __46__.

“All of a sudden it became a __47__ business,” Marshal Cohen, an analyst with NPD group, told The Wall Street Journal. The Jordans were excellent. The market went from being nothing to a million-dollar business __48___.”

One of the reasons high-tops are not so __49__ anymore is that they were never really very good at protecting the feet.

In an article in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in 2008, University of Newcastle researcher Craig Richards found no evidence that sneakers__50__ injuries. His research actually found that high-top basketball sneakers could even cause players to run slower and jump lower. Now, the contest has become a war. Companies like Adidas, Nike, Converse and Reebok are all fighting to create the next “Air Jordan,” and with the next market battle.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Are you a graduate trying to plan out the best career path for yourself? Here, some tips are given on how to go about it.

A university degree is no __51___ of a job, and job hunting in itself requires a whole set of skills. if you find you are not getting past the first interview, ask yourself what is happening. Is it a(n) __52__ to communicate or are there some skills you lack? And find out what you need t do to bring yourself up to the level of __53__ that would make you more attractive t them.

Do not be too discouraged if you are __54__ for a job, but think about the reasons the employers give. Those who made the second interview might have been studying the same subject as you and be of __55__ ability level, but they had something which made them a __56___ match to the selector’s ideal. That could be experience gained through projects or vacation work, or it might be that they were better at communicating what they could offer. Do not take the comments at __57__ value: think back to the interviews that generated them and make a list of where you think the shortfall in your performance lies. With this sort of analytical approach you will eventually get your foot in the door.

Deciding how long you should stay in your first job is a tough call. Stay too long and future employers may question your ___58__ and ambition. Of course, it depends on where you are aiming. If you are a graduate, spending five or six years in the same job is not too long provided that you take full advantage of the __59__. However, do not use this as a(n) __60__ for lacking interest or enthusiasm. Graduates sometimes fail to take ownership of their careers and take the initiative. It is up to you to make the most of what’s available within a company, and to monitor progress in case you need to__61__. This applies particularly if you are still not sure where your career path lies. It is helpful to think through what kind of experience you need to get your __62__ job and it is not a problem to move around to a certain extent. But in the __63__ stages of your career you need a definite strategy for reaching your goal, so think about that carefully before deciding to step forward from your first job. You must cultivate __64__ to be competent for any role. There is no guarantee that you will get adequate training, and research has shown that if you do not receive proper help in a new role, it can take 18 months to __65__ it.

51. A. input B. cause C. guarantee D. preparation

52. A. failure B. key C. introduction D. contribution

53. A. highlight B. comment C. fluency D. qualification

54. A. asked B. refused C. headed D. helped

55. A. different B. high C. similar D. low

56. A. closer B. better C. stronger D. poorer

57. A. depth B. face C. data D. test

58. A. character B. personality C. behavior D. drive

59. A. knowledge B. experience C. skill D. loyalty

60. A. substitute B. equivalent C. excuse D. requirement

61. A. pass by B. switch on C. move on D. stick to

62. A. part-time B. dream C. secure D. well-paid

63. A. critical B. last C. middle D. early

64. A. patience B. love C. habits D. friendship

65. A. know B. prohibit C. master D. select

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A).

Iceland, an island just south of the Arctic Circle, has fairly mild winters, thanks to warm ocean currents. Time your vacation here during the winter months to take advantage of off-season deals.

Off-season means good deals on flights, hotels and tours. You may also find that the locals are a bit friendlier and more welcoming when tourists aren’t arriving in crowds. In the winter months, there are less than seven hours of daylight; thus, chances are good you’ll catch sight of the northern lights. Sun sets are also beautiful at this time, making for some great photo opportunities.

In Iceland, winter is the perfect time to hike glaciers, go ice climbing, explore caves made out of hardened lava(岩浆) and much more. One of the most popular activities is off-roading(越野比赛) in a specially-equipped “super jeep”.

Before booking your trip, be sure to check for volcano alerts. There are about 130 volcanoes on or around Iceland. Thirty-five of them are active. In 2010, a volcano named Eyjaallajokull exploded, sending clouds of ash up to four kilometers into the atmosphere. The ash drifted toward the UK and Europe. Because the ask could damage aircraft engines, airlines operating in the region were forced to cancel flights for six days. As a result, thousands of people were stuck in airports.

Recently, another volcano named Bardarbunga has become active, erupting ash into the air. Such events, if large enough, could prevent your trip from going ahead. So check the latest volcano news prior to making your reservations.

66. According to this article, why are you more likely to see the northern lights in the winter?

A. They move from rural areas to cities.

B. The weather is more stable at that time.

C. They’re a special feature of many festivals.

D. The sky is dark for lo nger periods

then.

67. According to the article, how do visitors to Iceland have fun in the winter?

A. They learn how to ski down the mountains.

B. They photograph famous historic sites..

C. They explore the countryside in well made vehicles..

D. They spend a week at one of the seaside resorts.

68. What is true about the volcanoes of Iceland?

A. The majority of them are quiet.

B. Their age hasn’t been determined.

C. All but one of them are extinct.

D. Citizens aren’t affected by them.

69.What does this article explain?.

A. Some of Iceland’s urban cultural attractions

B. A way t reduce the cost of a trip to Iceland.

C. Reasons for visiting Iceland in June and July.

D. The average price for a short tour of Iceland.

(B).

SELF-REFLECTION OF TEACHING PRACTICES READING, WRITING,TALKING

School: Date:

Grade(s) presently teaching:

Please do not sign your name. Mark the responses that most nearly reflect your teaching practices. This is one way to reflect your practices and how much you got out of it.

Keep one copy and give one to your tutor(s0.

HOW OFTEN:

0=never 1=rarely2=sometimes(1-2x/ week)3=moderately(3x/week) 4=often(4x/week) 5=daily

DEVELOPMENT APPROPRIATENESS:I provide

opportunities for students to use literacy for their

own purposes using previous knowledge,

0 1 2 3 4 5 developmentally appropriate strategies and world

experiences

EVIRONMENT: I use flexible grouping, e.g. pairs,

small groups of different levels, small needs-based

groups, and working alone. 0 1 2 3 4 5

KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION: I provide

opportunities for students to interpret literary and

0 1 2 3 4 5 informational texts before, during and after reading

or listening by talking, writing, enacting, drawing,

etc.

ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING: I asses s students’

use of literacy strategies using this information to

0 1 2 3 4 5 measure student progress and refocus my own

teaching.

DEMONSTRATION OF STRATEGIES: I read

0 1 2 3 4 5 aloud to students and write in front of them, using

literary and informational texts.

READING STRATEGIES: I instruct students to read

strategically, e.g. to reflect, predict, decode,

question, connect, retell, summarize, map, etc. 0 1 2 3 4 5

WRITING STRATEGIES: I provide opportunities

for students to work through the writing processes

0 1 2 3 4 5 alone and with others, e.g. thinking about purposes

and audiences, prewriting, drafting, revising, editing

and publishing.

SELF-SELECTION: I provide time for the

self-selection of books for independent reading in

the classroom, and for book sharing.

DEVELOPING MEANING: I provide clear targets

to students to develop higher levels of learning, e.g.

What does it mean? Why do I need to know it? How

0 1 2 3 4 5 will I use it?

EXTENTION OF LEARNING: I provide

opportunities and activities for students to learn

0 1 2 3 4 5 more about topics of their choice through

problem-based learning assignments, etc.

BUILDING SUCCESS: I structure lessons/activities

that provide opportunities for all students to

experience success. 0 1 2 3 4 5

70. According to the passage, who most probably mark the responses in the form?

A. Professional tutors.

B. Language teachers.

C. Personal physician.

D. Psychological therapist.

71. According to the passage, which frequency degree would you choose if you carry out the practice in the form not at all often?

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

72. Mr. Kent bears EXTENTION OF LEARNING idea in mind, he quite often tends

to _______.

A. always set groups to encourage students to work out something by putting heads

together

B. prepare grade-level materials for teaching

C. develop students reading skills during pre- while-and- post-reading stage

D. provide students with extra learning materials to further their study

73. Mrs. Grace likes to share her version of tasks outcome in class, which could be labeled _____.

A. ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING

B. KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION

C. DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIES

D. SELF-SELECTION

(C)

A rapidly advancing contemporary science that is highly dependent on new tools is Earth system science. Earth system science involves observation and measurements on the Earth at all scales from the largest to the smallest. The huge amounts of data that are gathered come from many different locations and require special techniques for handling data. Important new tools that facilitate Earth system science include satellite remote sensing, small deep-sea submarines, and geographic information systems.

More than any other way of gathering evidence, satellite observations continually remind us that each part of the Earth interacts with and is dependent on all other parts. Earth system science was born from the realization of that interdependence. Satellite remote sensing makes possible observations at large scales, and in many cases, measurements of factors that could not otherwise be measured. For example, the ozone hole over Antarctica--the decrease in the concentration of ozone high in the atmosphere--is measured by remote sensing, as are changes in deserts, forests, and farmlands around the world. Such measurements can be used in many areas of specialization besides Earth system science. Archaeology, for example, has benefited from satellite observations that reveal the traces of ancient trade routes across the Arabian Desert.

New tools for exploring previously inaccessible areas of the Earth have also added greatly to our knowledge of the Earth system. Small deep-sea submarines allow scientists to travel to the depths of the ocean. There they have discovered new species and ecosystems thriving near deep-sea vents that emit heat, sasses, and mineral-rich water.

Just as important as new methods of measurement and exploration are new ways to store and analyze data about the Earth system. Computer-based software programs known as geographic information systems, or GIS, allow a large number of data points to be stored along with their locations. These can be used to produce maps and to compare different sets of information gathered at different times. For example,

satellite remote sensing images of a forest can be converted to represent stages in the forest's growth. Two such images, made at different times can be overlaid and compared, and the changes that have taken place can be represented in a new image.

74. The word "facilitate" in Paragraph I is closest in meaning to ________.

A. enable

B. require

C. organize

D. examine

75. The author of the passage mentions that satellite observations are especially

effective in ________.

A. conducting scientific studies of life on the ocean floor

B. predicting future climate changes

C. providing data to determine Earth's age

D. demonstrating interactions among all of Earth's parts

76. According to the passage, satellite observations of the Arabian Desert allow

archaeologists to know ________.

A). indications of ancient routes B. evidence of former lakes

C. traces of early farms

D. remains of ancient forests

77.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. special techniques are needed to classify the huge amounts of data about Earth.

B. New tools provide information about Earth that was once impossible to obtain.

C. Advances in Earth system science have resolved many environmental problems.

D. Satellite remote sensing can show changes between two images taken years apart. Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

For a sight of an evolving technology that promises to shake video gaming to its foundation, check out “Throw Trucks With Your Mind”.

Unlike most video games, it doesn't rely solely on a mouse. Instead, its players also put on a headset that enables them to throw trucks or other virtual objects simply by thinking.

And that's just for starters. Advocates of so- called neurogaming(交感神经游戏)say the concept in a few years will combine a wide variety of physiological factors, from a player's heart rate and hand gestures to pupil dilation(瞳孔扩张) and emotions. Moreover, they imagine many such games being developed to improve the health, brainpower and skills of those playing them.

The electroencephalography(脑电波仪), or EEG, headset used to throw trucks and other objects onto enemies was made by San Jose, California.-based NeuroSky. It measures separate brainwave frequencies that reflect how focused the player is and how calm they are, according to Lat Ware of Emeryville, California., who developed the game. The game, which can be purchased at https://www.360docs.net/doc/0b11156045.html,, costs $25, or $99 with the headset.

Ware, 29, said it's possible to move a pear or other small virtual object if the player is calm, but not focused, or vice versa. But he said both mental states are essential to

flatten an enemy with a huge truck, which takes considerable concentration. Although only a few neurogames have been introduced so far and their action tends to be fairly limited, the games are expected to become far more challenging - and multipurpose - as the software and related technology improves.

One concept being explored is to develop games that adjust their action according to the player's changing emotions. These are measured by such factors as their facial expressions, eye movement and skin- conductance(皮肤导电) levels. Another approach is to make games that influence how the player thinks and feels.

Consider Los Angeles- based Melon, which, like "Throw Trucks With Your Mind," was recently launched via the online fundraising site Kickstarter. Melon officials say their first game-- which challenges players to fold origami(折纸) with their mind, using NeuroSky's EEG headset -- helps people "learn how to focus, relax and meditate better."

78. According to this article, what is the purpose of developing the new kind of games?

79. The function of brainwave frequencies measured by EEG made by San Jose is to _________.

80. According to Ware, if you want to throw something such as a truck, you must be __________.

81.What is the new idea being studied to develop more challenging and multipurpose games?

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN ELEVEN WORDS)

第II卷(共47分)

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

82.在美国和加拿大，用餐后不付小费是很失礼的事。(tip)

83. 据报道，政府已经下定决心要解决环境污染问题。(determine)

84. 令他惊讶的是，他的春考成绩比他期望的要好的多。(expect)

85. 汉语是世界上最难的语言之一，学习这种语言的人就会很快发现自己遇到了挑战。(challenge)

86. 直到真要出国了，这个年轻人才意识到自立的重要性。(Not)

II. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

87.下面两幅图反映的是部分城乡孩子所面临的窘境。请就此图谈谈你的想法，你的文章应包括：

● 具体描述两幅图;

● 简要分析造成这两种现象的原因;

● 提出解决问题的建议。(注：请勿出现真实姓名和学校)