六年级如何提高小学英语阅读理解能力+练习题(答案解析)
部编六年级如何提高小学英语阅读理解能力
选择适合小学生阅读的材料，激发阅读兴趣。指导阅读方法，养成良好的阅读习惯，提高学生的阅读能力，为终身学习打基础。
关键词：
阅读能力，阅读习惯，阅读方法，策略
英语是传输信息的重要工具之一。一个人英语阅读能力的高低，往往决定了他吸收有用的信息的数量和质量。新课标指出：“要达到这样的目标，没有足够的语言输入量是不行的。”成功的英语教学要依赖大量的语言材料和语言实践。在阅读训练中，它可以帮助学生得到乐趣，获取信息，培养学生的英语阅读理解能力，使学生养成良好的英语阅读习惯，具有正确的阅读技巧，拥有主动学习的能力和合作精神，为终身学习打下基础。但是小学生由于刚刚开始学习英语，受所学知识内容的局限，教师往往忽视对学生阅读能力的培养，这不利于学生的终身学习的发展。因此，从小学阶段开始教师就应该有意识培养学生良好的英语阅读能力策略。我在以下几方面做了些尝试：
一、选材恰当，激发阅读兴趣
新课标指出：小学英语课程的目的首先是激发学习兴趣，培养英语学习的积极态度，使他们建立初步的学习英语的自信心，培养一定的语感…为进一步学习打下基础。因此，在阅读内容的选择上，要注重“兴趣第一”的原则。在二年级的先锋英语教材中，每当老师在教每个单元的故事时，学生的兴趣非常浓，很乐意去读、去模仿，因为故事的内容有趣好玩。选择中、高年级的阅读材料，不仅要趣味性浓，还要贴近生活，以激发学生阅读的兴趣。在教《开心学英语》四年级介词一课后，我就让学生阅读这篇文章并根据内容四人小组画出相应的图画：Sue is very messy. That’s her room. The doll is under the bed. The lamp is on the chair. The stuffed animal is in the box. The puzzle is in front of the bookcase. The violin is between the bed and the chair. Her glasses are next to the table. 阅读内容都是学生熟悉的材料，学生参与热情高涨，兴趣浓厚。五、六年级可以选择学生们喜欢的有动物的故事，如：Three little pigs, Cry wolf, The ugly ducking。也可以选择有逻辑性的文章，如：Six monkeys are sitting in a tree. They have hats on their hands. Two hats are yellow. Two hats are red. One hat is blue and one hat is green. The first monkey is fat. The second monkey is thin. They have the same color hats. The third monkey is black. His hat is not blue. The fourth monkey has a green hat. The fifth monkey has a red hat. He is small. The sixth monkey is big. The big monkey and the small monkey have different color hats. 学生读后，学生就给猴子的帽子涂上正确的颜色。在阅读的过程中发展学生的思维，激发学生的阅读兴趣。
二、指导阅读方法，养成良好的阅读习惯
阅读习惯的好坏直接影响着阅读的效率。小学生刚接触英语，并不知道如何很好地去阅读，老师要给学生进行正确的指导，而阅读习惯需要经过一段时间才能养成的。教师要在平时教学中应有计划地、不断地养成学生的阅读习惯。在每次进行阅读训练时，我都从这几方面对学生进行阅读习惯的培养：
1、培养学生默读的习惯
研究证明，在阅读过程中学生默读是很好的做法，默读且不干扰他人，能帮助学生形成积极的阅读态度，培养学生为了获取信息和为了乐趣读书的阅读做法，又发展学生了学生在
课堂之外的时间里独立熟练的阅读能力。当阅读一开始教师就应提醒学生不要以朗读的方式进行，教师里应形成一种默读的良好氛围。
2、培养学生猜词的习惯
新课标指出：“培养学生在阅读时能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。”小学生一旦遇到不懂的单词就会急于问老师、问同学或查电子词典。这样会使学生产生依赖思想，影响阅读的速度，也不利于良好学习习惯的形成和学生智力的开发。因此，在阅读教学过程中，教师要引导学生通过上下文，文章背景知识等猜出词意。
3、培养学生给重点句做标记的习惯
小学生在进行阅读训练时，一般都是把文章看一次或两次就进行答题，但大多数学生的答案准确率不高，在阅读题中失分较多。所以，老师在进行阅读教学时，要引导学生把与题目相关的句子用横线划起来，再结合题目的内容进行对比与分析，恰当使用阅读技巧与方法，将会达到事半功倍的效果。
三、开展阅读交流活动，分享阅读的乐趣
阅读能为学生提供大量的语言输入，使他们从阅读中汲取各种知识及信息。开展阅读交流活动，给学生创设一个自我展示的舞台，分享阅读的乐趣。我通常在课前五分钟让学生进行daily talk, 内容可以是故事演讲、朗诵儿歌、西方文化介绍或小表演等，每月进行一次“ 英语才艺之星”的评选。鼓励学生在进行阅读时做阅读笔记，将自己感兴趣的词汇和喜欢的语句摘抄下来，定期组织好词好句的交流和评赏，丰富了学生的语言积累，为学生的写作做铺垫。
四、以读导写，拓展阅读能力
英语的学习，仅靠语言的输入还难以使学生形成运用英语的能力，还需要大量的语言输出－“说”和“写”来促进学生对语言知识的掌握与运用。长期以来，英语教学中普遍强调听、说、读的技能，而写的技能成了教师和学生共同的难题。通过以读导写的方式，有效地提高学生的写作水平。
以读导写就是教师指导学生通过阅读相关内容的文章，了解句子的语言结构，然后将其运用到写作中，从而提高写作能力。例如，在教《开心学英语》五年级Wh en’s your birthday? 一课后，引导学生阅读关于birthday的文章，学生阅读后回答下列的问题：1. Which season is your birthday in? 2.When’s your birthday?
3. Do you have a birthday every year?
4. What do you do at your birthday party?
5. Do you have a good time at your party? 学生回答完问题后，老师引导他们根据每个问题的答案，用自己的话进行口述“My birthday”, 然后把口头语言用书面语言表达出来。如：Hello! My name is Tina. My birthday is in summer. It’s in August. It’s on August 3rd. I have a birthday party every year. Many friends come to my birthday party. We sing and dance at the party. We play cards , play games, eat birthday cake and drink orange juice ,too. We have a good time at the party. 以读导写，拓展了学生的阅读能力，减轻了学生写作的心理压力，同时也让学生感受到写作的乐趣。
小学生阅读能力策略的培养需要一个较长的过程，学生在阅读的实践中，词汇量得到增加，积累了丰富的语句，开阔了英语的视野，养成了良好的阅读习惯，阅读能力和写作能力也得到不断的提高。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解并判断正误。
Len was thirty years old and he had very long hair. He lived in a big city. Because of his long hair, he did not find any work. One day he met an old friend, and this man said to him," People in this city don't like long hair. Why don't you go to a barber? He can cut a lot of it off, and then you can get some work." At the barber's Len said to the barber," Please cut most of my hair off."
The barber began. He cut and cut for a long time and then he said to Len," Were you in the army a few years ago?"
"Yes, I was." Len answered. "Why did you ask that?"
"Because I found a cap in your hair."
（1）Len was old, so he did not find any work.
（2）Len often wash his long hair.
（3）Len's hair was short
（4）The barber found a cap in Len's hair.
（5）Len was in the army now.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：一个叫Len留着长头发的男人，因为他的长头发，他找不到任何工作。一天，一个老朋友建议他去剪掉头发。Len决定去剪掉头发，剪了很久，理发师询问他是否以前在军队，Len回答是很多年前，同时，很好奇理发师怎么知道。原来在他的头发里找到了一顶军帽。
（1）句意：Len找不到工作，是因为他老了。根据原文Because of his long hair, he did not find any work.可知，他找不到工作是因为他的长头发。故答案为：错误。
（2）句意：Len经常洗头。根据原文Because I found a cap in your hair.可知，在Len的头发里找到一个帽子，说明Len不爱洗头。故答案为：错误。
（3）句意：Len的头发很短。根据原文he had very long hair.可知，他的头发很长。故答案为：错误。
（4）句意：理发师在他的头发里找到一顶帽子。根据原文Because I found a cap in your hair.可知，他确实找到了一顶帽子。故答案为：正确。
（5）句意：Len现在在军队。根据原文Were you in the army a few years ago？Yes, I was.可知，Len很多年前在军队。故答案为：错误。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先，通读全文，结合题干意思，在原文中寻找对应的句子进行判断。
3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致
It was Sunday yesterday. The weather was fine. It was sunny and there were no clouds in the
sky. Sandy and Sue got up early in the morning. Now they were in the park. It is a big park and it's so beautiful. They saw many people there. Some boys played football on the grass. Some girls danced under the tree. An old man walked beside the lake. A young woman and her little son looked at the fish in the lake. How happy they are!
（1）Yesterday was Sunday.
（2）The weather was cloudy.
（3）Sandy and Sue were in a small park.
（4）Some boys danced and some girls played football.
（5）There was an old man walking beside the lake.
（6）There were some fish in the lake.
（7）All the people in the park were happy.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
（6）1
（7）1
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍公园里人们情况的短文。
（1）题目意思是: 昨天是星期日。根据短文叙述It was Sunday yesterday.（昨天是星期日。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为: 正确。
（2）题目意思是: 天气多云。根据短文叙述It was sunny and there were no clouds in the sky. （天气晴朗，天空中没有一丝云彩。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为: 错误。
（3）题目意思是: Sandy和Sue在一个小公园里。根据短文叙述It is a big park （它是一个大公园。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为: 错误。
（4）题目意思是: 一些男孩在跳舞，一些女孩在踢足球。根据短文叙述Some boys played football on the grass. Some girls danced under the tree. （一些男孩在草地上踢足球。一些女孩在树下跳舞。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为: 错误。
（5）题目意思是: 一位老人在河边散步。根据短文叙述An old man walked beside the lake. （一位老人在河边散步。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为: 正确。
（6）题目意思是: 湖中有一些鱼。根据短文叙述A young woman and her little son looked at the fish in the lake. (一位年轻妇女和她的儿子在看湖里的鱼。) 可知湖里有鱼。题目叙述正确。故答案为: 正确。
（7）题目意思是: 所有在公园里的人都很高兴。根据短文叙述How happy they are!（他们多高兴啊！）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为: 正确。故答案为: 正确。
【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。要掌握短文叙述的细节，然后根据短文叙述来判断正误。
4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误 Long, long ago there lived a king. He was very old and he had no children. So he wanted to select a new king in the country.
One day, the king asked his ministers to give all the children in the country some flower seeds and told them, "Who can plant the most beautiful flowers will be the king."
A child named David planted the seeds and looked after them carefully. But day after day, no flowers came out from the basin. He was very disappointed.
It was time to show the most beautiful flowers. The children from all over the country came with their beautiful flowers.
The king walked in front of the children. When he saw the beautiful flowers, he was very unhappy.
Suddenly, he saw a child carrying an empty basin. He was very glad and asked the boy, "Why do you carry an empty basin?" The boy cried and told him the truth.
The king laughed, "You are an honest boy. You will be the future king." In fact, the seeds had been boiled.
（1）The king wanted a new king.
（2）The child with the most beautiful flowers will be the king.
（3）There were no flowers in David's basin.
（4）The seeds from the king can grow flowers.
（5）David will be the future king.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】该短文主要老国王通过种花选拔新国王的故事。
（1）细节阅读，根据So he wanted to select a new king in the country.得知要选新国王，故答案为：正确。
（2）细节阅读，根据Who can plant the most beautiful flowers will be the king.得知种出最漂亮的花的竟成为国王，故答案为：错误。
（3）细节阅读，根据no flowers came out from the basin.得知David的盆里没有花，故答案为：正确。
（4）细节阅读，根据In fact, the seeds had been boiled.得知那都是些煮熟的种子，故答案为：错误。
（5）细节阅读，根据You are an honest boy. You will be the future king.得知David将成为国王，故答案为：正确。
【点评】此题目要求快速阅读文章，把握内容、了解大意，然后细致阅读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词，然后做出选择，完成题目。
5．阅读理解阅读短文，匹配。Winter is a beautiful season. My favourite season is winter. It's often snowy in many countries. And the outside is white. In winter, the days are shorter. And the nights are longer. It often gets dark very early. But I like snow, so I often go skiing(滑雪) on Sundays with my family. When it snows, everything turns white. There is thick snow on roads, streets, trees and houses. It's a beautiful world! My friends and I like making snowmen.
Sometimes we play with snow. It's very interesting and exciting.
⑴Winter ________ A. shorter.
⑵The days are ________ B. like making snowmen.
⑶The nights are ________ C. is snowy.
⑷My friends and I ________ D. is interesting.
⑸Playing with snow ________ E. longer.
【答案】C；A；E；B；D
【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍“我”最喜欢的季节冬季以及在这个季节看到的和做的一些事情。。
（1）细节阅读，根据It's often snowy in many countries.得知冬天下雪，故选C。
（2）细节阅读，根据 In winter, the days are shorter. 得知冬天白天很短。故选A。
（3）细节阅读，根据And the nights are longer.得知冬天夜晚很长，故选E。
（4）细节阅读，根据My friends and I like making snowmen. 得知我和朋友喜欢堆雪人，故选B。
（5）细节阅读，根据Sometimes we play with snow. It's very interesting and exciting.得知玩雪很有趣，故选D。
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。
6．阅读理解读短文并按要求完成相应任务
Today was the first day of the summer holiday．My friends and I went out together．We went swimming in the swimming pool．We swam for an hour．I did not swim well，but I enjoyed it very much．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．I had a sandwich and some orange juice．Alice had a hamburger．Jack had a lot of French fries and some cola．We went shopping in a supermarket．I bought a pink dress．Alice bought a pretty hat．Jack did not buy anything． We went home at 3 o'clock in the afternoon．We 、were tired，but we were happy．
（1）写出短文中6个动词的一般过去式。
________ ________ ________
________ ________ ________
（2） The children went to：________
①the swimming pool ②the cinema
③a fast—food restaurant ④a supermarket
（3）They：________
①had breakfast together ②swam for an hour
③had lunch together ④picked apples
⑤bought some fruit ⑥went shopping
【答案】（1）was；went；swam；did；enjoyed；had
（2）①③④
（3）②③⑥
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了暑假第一天，主人公和朋友一起出去玩的事情。
（1）从文章中找出was、went、swam、did、enjoyed、had，bought、were根据句子结构即可找出，选出六个即可。
（2）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．看出他们去的三个地方，故答案为：①③④。
（3）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．找到他们所干的事情，故答案为：②③⑥。
【点评】此题主要考查学生的阅读理解能力，第一题考察对动词一般过去式的掌握，第二题，第三题考察对短文的理解程度，都能在文中找到对应的短语或句子，此类题目对的答案，一定要在文章中寻找，文章中一定会有依据。
六年级小学英语阅读理解专题练习及答案
一、英语阅读理解训练 1．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。 Father's Day is a holiday for fathers. It's on the third Sunday of June, The idea of Father's Day was given by Dodd of New York. Dodd wanted a day to honor (对......表示敬意) her father. Dodd has five little brothers. Her mother died very early, and her father raised (抚养) his children. Dodd's father was born in June, so she held (举行) the first Father's Day on the19th of June, in 1910. In 1972 it was celebrated (庆祝) by Americans on the third Sunday in June. On that day, children get up early to cook rich breakfast for their father. People wear (戴) roses on that day, too. If his father is dead, he wears white roses. If his father is alive, he wears red roses. Now it is celebrated in the USA, the UK and many other countries. （1）Father's Day is on the third Sunday of June. （2）Dodd was an Australian. （3）Father's Day is a holiday for mothers. （4）Dodd wanted to honor her father. （5）People wear roses on Father's Day. 【答案】（1）1 （2）0 （3）0 （4）1 （5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍父亲节的事情。 （1）句意：父亲节是六月份的第三个星期天。根据It's on the third Sunday of June,可知父亲节是六月份的第三个星期天。故答案为：正确。 （2）句意：多德是澳大利亚人。根据The idea of Father's Day was given by Dodd of New York. 可知父亲节的概念是由纽约的多德提出的。故答案为：错误。 （3）句意：父亲节是母亲们的节日。根据Father's Day is a holiday for fathers.可知父亲节是父亲们的节日。故答案为：错误。 （4）句意：多德想尊敬她的父亲。根据Dodd wanted a day to honor (对......表示敬意) her father.可知多德想表达对父亲的敬意。故答案为：正确。 （5）句意：父亲节人们戴玫瑰花。根据People wear (戴) roses on that day.可知父亲节人们戴玫瑰花。故答案为：正确。 【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意把握细节。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确判断。 2．阅读理解阅读理解 Thanksgiving is a family holiday in autumn in Canada and the USA. In Canada, Thanksgiving is in October. In the USA, it is in November. On Thanksgiving, people have a big dinner with their
小学英语阅读理解试题
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小学阅读理解8篇训练 1.My Little Cat I love animals（动物）very much.But I love my little cat best.My little cat's name is MImi. When I get home ,she walks to me.When she feels hungry,she meows loudly (大声地）.Now she's very fat. Mimi is very lovely .I like my little cat——Mimi. Read the following sentences,choose true(T) and False(F). 仔细阅读，在下列句子前标上T（正确）或F(错误）。 ( ）1.My favorite animal's name is Mimi. ( ）2.My cat is very fat now . ( ）3.Mimi is not lovely. ( ）4.When the cat is hungry ,she meows loudly. ( ）5.I don't like Mimi. 2.I Love My Family I have a happy family.There are four people in my family. They are my father,my mother, my sister and I. My father is a doctor.My mother is a housewife(家庭主妇).My sister and I are pupils(小学生）。My father is very tall.He likes reading.My mother is a little fat .She likes watching TV.My sister is very beautiful.She likes singing.They love me ,and I love them too. Read the following sentences,choose true(T) and False(F). ( ）1.There are four people in my family. ( ）2. My father is not a doctor. ( ）3.My mother likes reading. ( ）4, My sister likes watching TV. ( ）5.My sister is a pupil. 3.A Bedroom(卧室) This is Tom's bedroom.It's a big and clean room.The desk is near(在……附近) the window. The light (灯) is on the desk.Some flowers are also on the desk.A small table is near the bed .A TV is on it .Two pictures are on the wall. A little cat is under the chair.A football is under the bed . Read the following sentences,choose true(T) and False(F). ( ）1.This bedroom is Tom's . ( ）2.The light is on the bed . ( ）3.A TV is on the small table. ( ）4.A little cat is under the chair. ( ）5.A football is under the table. 4.Our School Our school is NO.1 Primary School in the city.It's very big and clean.You can see many trees, grass and flowers in it .There are about 900 students in our school.All of the students study hard.And there nearly(几乎，差不多)50 teachers in our school.The teacher work hard ,too. Read the following sentences,choose true(T) and False(F). ( ）1.Our school is very big and clean. ( ）2.You can see many trees, grass and flowers in our school. ( ）3.There are about 600 students in our school. ( ）4.All of the students study hard. ( ）5.here nearly(几乎，差不多)50 teachers in our school.
小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练
精品文档 : 小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科 普类等。（一）故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出1 来。Write a Letter 如仔细选择，问题都可以解决，这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，等to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus ,,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到即使文章较长,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,. 答案. 同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. ). He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”“What?”Sam looks at his uncle and says. “Eggs”says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”before day or yesterday,but the are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today “You )!”yesterday(前天( )(1).Who is Sam? A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher. )(2) What's the Chinese for “dirty”?( 好的”坏的C It's ““D It's “A. It's “脏的“. B It's “干净的”( )(3) What's on Sam's face and mouth? A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread ( )(4) Which of these is not wrong? A Sam doesn't wash his face and hands every day. B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning. C Sam doesn't like eggs at all. D. Sam doesn't know his uncle. 、解题时有以下几种方法：（二） ）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，（1 要特别注意文章首获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，因为把每段主题句的意思综要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，述文章的主要内容。合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信（2息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可3（ 以采用同义互释法。. 精品文档