大学英语综合教程4复习资料

词汇

1. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the __A___ secret to success, but relatively few have actually done it.

a. elusive

b. evasive

c. illusory

d. eloquent

2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy since she is such a __C___ part of the company.

a. visibility

b. risible

c. visible

d. visibly

3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please consider absolutely everything to be at your __B___."

a. dispose

b. disposal

c. disposing

d. disposed

4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) __D___ feat of selflessness when they turned around to help an injured stranger.

a. advantageous

b. gorgeous

c. outrageous

d. courageous

5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts of expensive __A___.

a. jewellery

b. jewels

c. jewelers

d. jewelling

6. Her novel successfully __C___ an entire generation of young women to believe they could be whatever they wanted.

a. emboldened

b. embittered

c. empowered

d. embroidered

7. I'm not really a __B___ of pop culture trends, so can you explain that reference to me?

a. flower

b. follower

c. fellow

d. fallowing

8. We just moved into town so we're still a little __D___.

a. unsettling

b. settlers

c. settled

d. unsettled

9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to __B___ your disbelief toward the end.

a. upend

b. suspend

c. depend

d. misspend

10. Don't __A___ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win.

a. underestimate

b. overestimate

c. estimate

d. misestimate

11. As judge, I __A___ over this courtroom and have the final say on all matters.

a. preside

b. reside

c. presume

d. resume

12. Please stay back! This is a __C___ area!

a. constricted

b. districted

c. restricted

d. unrestricted

13. The moon shone down and cast a __B___ glow over the entire field.

a. luminosity

b. luminous

c. luminal

d. luminously

14. The state dinner is a __D___ affair, so please dress appropriately.

a. distinctive

b. respectable

c. dramatic

d. formal

15. Stock prices rose __A___ after the company publically announced its new product.

a. dramatically

b. magically

c. loosely

d. exclusively

16. The colonists began to form a __B___ in response to the unfair taxes.

a. rebel

b. rebellion

c. rebellious

d. rebelling

17. After striking the iceberg, the ship quickly sank into the __C___ depths.

a. skinny

b. preppy

c. murky

d. baggy

18. I'm not a good typist, so I find it easier to __A___ all of my emails.

a. dictate

b. elucidate

c. explicate

d. exacerbate

19. To accommodate increased traffic, city planners are going to expand the __D___of the highway.

a. length

b. height

c. depth

d. width

20. Let's be proactive and do something instead of just watching the situation __C___.

a. ameliorate

b. collaborate

c. deteriorate

d. elaborate

11. Even if I don't win the award, it's still an honor to be a(n) __C___.

a. applicant

b. champion

c. nominee

d. spectator

12. I see parents of twins and triplets and I can't imagine having __B___ children at once.

a. multiply

b. double

c. individual

d. multiple

13. I'm one of two vice-presidents, and my __A___ at the other office will be your main point of contact.

a. counterpart

b. supervisor

c. subordinate

d. employee

14. "Always be kind" is the __B___ rule I expect my employees to live by.

a. principle

b. principal

c. standard

d. irrelevant

15. His time in office was marked by __C___ affairs and controversy.

a. highbrow

b. unemotional

c. scandalous

d. unintended

16. I became a partner in the law firm, __A___ increasing my salary considerably.

a. thereby

b. hereby

c. standby

d. passerby

17. Choosing not to hire someone based on their race or sex is a textbook example of __B___.

a. discriminate

b. discrimination

c. discriminatory

d. discriminator

18. Tony gets __B___ if he drinks too much, and he's liable to hurt someone.

a. peaceful

b. hostile

c. ambivalent

d. apathetic

19. What was the suspect's __D___ to kill Gene?

a. motivate

b. motivator

c. motivation

d. motive

20. After all these years, I still __C___ that it wasn't my fault.

a. portend

b. attend

c. contend

d. pretend

1. It's impossible for anyone to have complete __D___ and know everything.

a. conscience

b. prescience

c. science

d. omniscience

2. The odds are good that his team will be __B___ during the first round of the competition.

a. preliminary

b. eliminated

c. relegated

d. delineated

3. After some research, I discovered that I'm actually a(n) __D___ of Napoleon!

a. ascendant

b. transcendent

c. resplendent

d. descendant

4. English lost its ___A__ long ago, and it now incorporates many words from other languages.

a. purity

b. pure

c. parity

d. prurient

5. Mario was __C___ at the top of his class every year.

a. consistent

b. persistent

c. consistently

d. persistently

6. The speaker was utterly __B___, and I hung on his every word for the entire two-hour speech.

a. disgraceful

b. captivating

c. unqualified

d. sufficient

7. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs ruled the earth with uncontested __A___.

a. dominance

b. dominant

c. dominants

d. dominate

8. If you want to apply for a new passport, you cannot __D___ your old one.

a. refrain

b. remain

c. retrain

d. retain

9. That new movie about the princess is a __A___ based on the traditional Cinderella story.

a. variant

b. variation

c. varying

d. variety

10. Her performance on the field today is not a fair __D___ of her skill as a soccer player.

a. globalization

b. standardization

c. multiplication

d. representation

11. We were ___B__ to see the destruction caused by the earthquake.

a. horrify

b. horrified

c. horrible

d. horror

12. Three hours should be a(n) __C___ amount of time to finish the test.

a. proficient

b. deficient

c. sufficient

d. efficient

13. We need more time since we've __B___ begun talking about the most

relevant information.

a. profoundly

b. scarcely

c. dreadfully

d. constantly

14. At 8:30, it was clear that Dan had lost, and he was forced to __C___ his

campaign for governor.

a. concede

b. conceal

c. consent

d. consort

15. The robbery suspect had several __D___ tattoos and scars which made it

easy for the police to spot him.

a. exclusive

b. individual

c. specialized

d. identifiable

16. When I travel, I like to write in a __A___ so I can remember every little

detail.

a. journal

b. novel

c. sketchbook

d. book

17. The president launched a new program to help every adult become __C___

and learn to read.

a. literary

b. literature

c. literate

d. literati

18. The emperor's death marked the end of an important __B___ in the

country's history.

a. unity

b. epoch

c. utopia

d. elite

19. I bought a __B___ toy and need to return it for a full refund.

a. detective

b. defective

c. reflective

d. directive

20. To everyone's surprise, the politician decided not to __A___ the charges

against him.

a. refute

b. prove

c. confirm

d. infringe

选词填空

UNIT1

to make the from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult

on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if

and how their career is going to

long period of inactivity like this, when how they felt at the time, refer to the

same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel

from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard

three or four years away, they to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.

1 transition

2 slumped

3 proceed

4 recounting

5 detached 6upcoming 7 revert

UNIT2

await cite exclude neglect normally withstand

When I lived in Britain, one of my favourite radio programmes was called "Desert Island Discs". The format was always the same: Guest celebrities were asked to imagine they had been washed ashore on a desert island, and had to choose nine books—

the Bible and Shakespeare, which they were already provided

with—to take with them to the island, to help them the physical and

mental isolation. I sometimes like to think which books I would take.

like most people, I don't have much time for reading, and I could

dozens of books which I have never read but which I would like to. It's an opportunity I

have all my life, in fact. But what would I choose? Mostly novels,

probably, but I wouldn't to include a volume or two of poetry. My first

choice, I think, would be Tolstoy's War and Peace. I've never read it, but I'm ready to believe that it is one of the most marvelous books ever written.

1excluding2 withstand3 normally4cite5 awaited6 neglect

UNIT 3

Courageous crisis daring predominant underestimate visible

At a time of global

world, we should never the ability of fashion designers to surprise us

by bringing sunshine into people's lives, and avoiding the trend of gloom and pessimism. This is certainly true of the fashion industry in Brazil. In 2009, when

the effects of the financial situation were almost everywhere, top

designers launched a new collection combining high hemlines, low necklines, and lots of colour. As one commentator wrote, "You can call it a

decision if you like, but it's also a question of Brazilians doing what comes naturally to them."

1 crisis

2 underestimate

3 predominan

4 visible 5daring6courageous

UNIT5

animated motive decidedly principal sniff masculine

When Simona Ventura became the host of the Italian TV soccer programme, a lot

of people at the decision. What could a woman do in such a(n)

male-dominated world? They argued. But the

behind the choice of Simona as the new presenter soon became apparent. Rather than

change to fit the programme—there is nothing about her—she created

a new, more modern show, the aim of which is to entertain the whole family. The old style, lengthy and rather technical analyses of football matches, has been

replaced by a lively TV programme, which is by guest celebrities, dancers and singers, as well as extracts from the day's top matches.

1 sniffed

2 decidedly

3 motive 4masculine 5principal 6animat ed

UNIT 9

Having a(n) with Chinese characters was certainly helpful when I studied

Japanese—but it was not

and the of the meaning is similar, but the pronunciation is another story. When the Japanese borrowed the Chinese characters to use in their written language, the characters keep their original Chinese pronunciation. Of course, the Japanese already had a spoken

language, and were not going to their own words in favour of a completely new vocabulary. So each Chinese character came to have an on reading, or Chinese pronunciation,

and a kun reading, or Japanese pronunciation. To the character 新can be pronounced shin or shim, as in the word 新聞shimbun(newspaper). But it can also be pronounced atara, as in 新しいatarashii(meaning "new"). In addition, many of the Chinese

pronunciations have changed over the years, and some I can recognize. Still, knowing Chinese has been a great help to me in learning to read and write Japanese—and

it.

句型转换

Unit 1

try as …Might

1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.

Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.

2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond. Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she do esn’t seem to respond.

3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family. Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.

4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.

Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the

promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.

5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.

Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.

given that …

1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad. Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.

2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job. Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.

3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.

Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.

4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.

Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.

clauses introduced by than

1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.

She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.

2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.

You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.

3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.

She worked harder than most part-timers do.

4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.

You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.

5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It

isn’t wise.

I think you have given more personal information than is wise.

Unit 2

such is / are …

1 Good writing is so powerful that the reader thinks the writer is speaking directly to them.

The reader thinks the writer is speaking directly to them. Such is the power of good writing.

2 The novel Salmon Fishing in the Yemen is so charming that you can’t put it down even for a moment.

You can’t put Salmon Fishing in the Yemen down even for a moment. Such is the charm of the novel.

3 Travel is such a pleasure that you may end up living in another country. You may end up living in another country. Such is the pleasure of travel.

4 The sense of confusion in this film is so great that you may feel you want to leave before the end.

You may feel you want to leave before the end. Such is the sense of confusion in this film.

5 The difficulties of translation are so enormous that much of the meaning is lost.

Much of the meaning is lost. Such is the enormity of the difficulties of translation.

if / whether it be …

1 Is it the right time to start this kind of project? Ask yourself carefully.

Ask yourself carefully whether it be the right time to start this kind of project.

2 Is it the first edition of Dr Johnson’s Dictionary? I very much doubt it.

I very much doubt if this be the first edition of Dr Johnson’s Dic tionary.

3 Is it common knowledge that Arthur Miller thought like this? I’m not sure.

I am not sure if it be common knowledge that Arthur Miller thought like this.

4 Is it necessary to produce any documents when making an application? Perhaps we should inquire.

Perhaps we should inquire whether it be necessary to produce any documents when making an

application.

5 Is it the right way to tackle the problem? I doubt it.

I doubt if it be the right way to tackle the problem.

Unit 3

see

3 Rewrite the sentences using see .

1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.

1987 saw a major stock market crash.

2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.

The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.

3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.

The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.

4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets.

The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.

5 There was great technological change during our gra ndparents’ generation.

Our grandparents’ generation saw a great technological change.

turn out to be

1 I thought the ring was made of gold, but in the end it proved to be silver.

I thought the ring was made of gold, but it turned out to be silver.

2 She looked like my cousin, but she was actually a complete stranger. She looked like my cousin, but she turned out to be a complete stranger.

3 The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it proved to be a good investment.

The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it turned out to be a good investment.

4 I saw smoke rising from the building, but it was a false alarm.

I saw smoke rising from the building, but it turned out to be a false alarm.

5 I didn’t want to move to England, but in the end it proved to be a wise decision.

I didn’t want to move to England, but it turned out to be a wise decision. 5单元

say + something / nothing / a lot etc about

1 The boots she wears give a lot of information about her.

The boots she wears say a lot about her.

2 The way he talks about other people gives an indication of his personality.

The way he talks about other people says something about his personality.

3 The way she behaves doesn’t give any indication of her previous career.

The way she behaves says nothing about her previous career.

4 This statement is very revealing about the organization’s attitude to women.

This statement says a lot about the organization’s attitude to women.

5 This type of task gives some idea about the structure of the final examination.

This type of task says something about the structure of the final examination.

on + gerund

1 When they checked the figures again, they realized there had been a mistake.

On checking the figures again, they realized there had been a mistake.

2 When she was asked, she said she would like to be known by her first name.

On being asked, she said she would like to be known by her first name.

3 When we investigated more completely, we made an important discovery.

On investigating more completely, we made an important discovery.

4 When they heard the news, most people reacted with offers to help.

On hearing the news, most people reacted with offers to help.

5 When people are accused of a crime they haven’t committed, most of them don’t know how to react.

On being accused of a crime they haven’t committed, most people don’t know how to react.

anything but

1 The organizer of the conference was the opposite of helpful.

The organizer of the conference was anything but helpful.

2 The instructions you left were certainly not easy to follow.

The instructions you left were anything but easy to follow.

3 I felt extremely unsafe wearing those four-inch-high heels.

I felt anything but safe wearing those four-inch-high heels.

4 The weather last week was quite the opposite of warm and sunny.

The weather last week was anything but warm and sunny.

5 I think that attitudes towards women in the company where I work are a long way from being progressive.

I think that attitudes towards women in the company where I work are anything but progressive.

other than

1 The only thing we do when the three of us meet is gossip.

When the three of us meet we do nothing other than gossip.

2 Men have no real alternative unless it is to wear a suit.

Men have no real alternative other than to wear a suit.

3 The only thing I wish to add is to say how much I have enjoyed the whole day.

I have nothing to add other than to say how much I have enjoyed the whole day.

4 They told her she didn’t have to do anything except sit quietly and look pretty.

They told her she didn’t have to do anything other than sit quietly and look pretty.

5 The only reason I have for being here is the free lunch.

I have no reason to be here other than the free lunch.

9单元

there + be + nothing for it but …

1 I’m planning to live in South America for the next two years, so I guess I will have to learn Spanish.

I’m planning to live in South America for the next two years, so I guess there’s nothing for it but to learn Spanish.

2 I failed the exam, and my teacher says that it’s necessary for me to take it again.

I failed the exam, and my teacher says that there’s nothing for it but to take it again.

3 By the time we got to the theatre, the concert had already started and we couldn’t get in, so we had to turn around and go home.

By the time we got to the theatre, the concert had already started and we couldn’t get in, so there was nothing for it but to turn around and go home.

4 Because I wasn’t earning enough money at my job, I was forced to take a second job on the weekend.

Because I wasn’t earning enough money at my job, there was nothing for it but to take a second job on the weekend.

5 My computer crashed and I lost my essay, so I wrote it again.

My computer crashed and I lost my essay, so there was nothing for it but to write it again.

only if.

1 I don’t like drinking soda water. However, if I were dying of thirst in the desert, I would drink it.

I would drink soda water only if I were dying of thirst in the desert.

2 The only way I could marry you is if you were the last man on earth.

I could marry you only if you were the last man on earth.

3 I don’t like to jog. Someone would have to run behind me and beat me with a stick to make me do it.

I would jog only if someone ran behind me and beat me with a stick to make me do it.

4 I don’t like watching romantic comedies, but I watch them when my girlfriend begs me.

I would watch romantic comedies only if my girlfriend begs me.

5 I don’t like dogs. However, if someone paid me, I would take care of one.

I would take care of a dog only if someone paid me.

(quite) a few / a little .

1 Our teacher said we had to write a ten-page essay about the book we read. That’s very long for a book report.

Our teacher said we had to write a ten-page essay about the book we read. That’s quite a few pages for a book report.

2 In the summer, temperatures in Hangzhou can reach 42 degrees. That’s too hot for me.

In the summer, temperatures in Hangzhou can reach 42 degrees. That’s quite a little hot for me.

3 If you are not surrounded by city lights, it’s possible to see around 6,000 stars at night without a telescope. That’s a lot of stars.

If you are not surrounded by city lights, it’s possible to see around 6,000 stars at night without a telescope. That’s quite a few stars.

4 In 2008, there were about 93,000 scheduled airline flights per day. That’s a large number of flights.

In 2008, there were about 93,000 scheduled airline flights per day. That’s quite a few flights.

5 Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to say a lot of words about the topic of global warming.

Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to say a few words about the topic of global warming.