初二上英语-期末复习
初二上册期末考试复习资料
Module1 How to learn English
一、词汇
correct: v. 纠正；adj. 正确的→________________ adv. 正确地
spelling: n. 拼写→spell: v. 拼写practise: v. 练习→ _______________: n. 练习，实践meaning: n. 意义→ mean: v. 意思是；adj.小气的complete: v. 使完整→completely adv.完全地understand: v. 明白→ understanding: n. 认识nature，n.自然—______________，adj.自然的suggest, v.建议—________________，n.建议pronounce,v.发..的音—__________________,n.发音
二、短语
1.a number of +可数名词复数+V（复数）：许多、大量；the number of+可数名词复数+V（单数）
2.a piece of _____________一条建议；write it/them down把...写下来
3.the meaning of….的意思take a deep breath深呼吸___________________放弃
4.leave sth. 落下什么东西improve oneself提高某人be away from远离
5.want to do sth. teacher with glasses戴眼镜的老师
三、句式
1.advise sb. _________ sth. 建议某人去做某事help sb. _______ sth. 帮助某人做...
2.It is _______ for sb. to do sth. It is a good idea to do sth.
3.spend…on sth. spend …(in) _____________sth.花费时间做某事
sth cost sb some money It takes sb. sometime __________ sth.
4.talk __________ sth.__________ sb.跟某人谈论某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事
5.表示建议的句子
①What about doing=How about doing…? ②Why not do=Why don’t you do..?
③Try (not) to do sth. ④should do ⑤It’s a good idea to do sth.
⑥Would you like to do sth. ⑦Let sb do sth.
⑧Remember to do sth.= Don’t forget to do sth. ⑨you’d better do sth.
6.作文话题语言
如：假如你是王平，请根据下面的内容提示给你加拿大的笔友Bob写一封电子邮件，向他介绍一下你是如何学习英语的以及你在学习中的困惑，请求他给你提出建议。词数：70以上。邮件的开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
内容提示：
（1）你不敢和同学们一起学英语，也害怕在课堂上讲英语，总是在晚上自己学习；
（2）费了很大的劲，却记不住单词；
（3）经常听录音，但听不懂。
Dear Bob，
I write to you to ask for some good advice on learning English．You know，I like English very much，but I’m afraid to learn English with my classmates．I’m also afraid to speak English in class．I always learn English alone at home．I find it hard to remember the words．I usually spend much time reading and writing the new words．I want to improve my listening because I can’t understand what my teacher says in class．I try to listen to tapes，but I can’t understand at all．What shall I do? Can you help me?
Module2 My home town and my country
一、短语
1.travel around the world环球旅行stay with sb. 跟某人呆在一起
2.put on 穿上take off，脱下land in 着陆take off起飞
3.dream of/about sth.梦到某物more than=_____________ 超过
https://www.360docs.net/doc/114879501.html,lions of 数以百万计的具体数字+million
5.none of+可数名词复数+V单数，如：None of girls comes back now.
二、句式
1.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人去做某事because+句子because of +n./名词短语
2.What do you think of…?你认为...如何How do you like…? 你觉得...怎么样？
3.have been to 去了回来了have gone to 去了没回来
Module3 Sports
一、单词
bored: adj. 感到无聊的—___________: adj.令人无聊的train: v.训练—____________：n.训练exciting: adj.令人兴奋的—_________：adj.感到兴奋的confident: adj.自信—_____________: n.自信enjoy: v.欣赏—_________________：adj. 有乐趣的miss: v. 未达到—______________: n. 遗失care: v.关心—_____________: adj. 小心的—______________：adj. 粗心的
二、短语
stay at home待在家go to the stadium去体育馆__________________别介意
plenty of 许许多多use sth. to do用...做.. _______________为...加油
fan club粉丝俱乐部as…as so that
三、句式
1.What’s the matter with you？Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis.
2.We all arrive as early as we can so that we have time to warm up.
3.That means we have a better chance of winning.
4.What a pity!
四、作文话题
如：学校英语广播站就“My favourite sport”为题进行征文活动，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文进行投稿。
1．介绍你最喜欢的运动项目；
2．喜欢这一运动项目的理由；
3．最喜欢的运动员(player)。
要求：语句通顺、要点全面，可适当拓展。70词左右。
提示：exciting，popular，healthy
My favourite sport
I like sports very much and basketball is my favourite sport．I often play basketball with my friends on Sundays．I can throw the basketball in the net．I thinks it is easy．But someone thinks it is hard．I also watch basketball matches on TV．I like it because it is exciting and it’s popular all around the world．It can keep me healthy and strong．My favourite player is Yao Ming．I want to be a basketball player，too.
Module4 Planes, ships and trains
一、短语
the same as 和...一样all the time一直be late for …迟到
二、交通的表达
1.by+交通工具如：骑自行车______________；注意：走路是on foot
2.take ______+交通工具，如：take a bus , take a train；注意：骑自行车—ride a bike
三、句式
1.What happened? How does Tony go to school ?
2.He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the underground.
3.Her home is the closest to school, so she walks.
4.What is the best way to travel from London to Amsterdam ?
5.The more information, the better .
Module5 Lao She Teahouse
一、短语
the traditional Beijing Opera传统京剧_____________________决定做某事
tell sb. sth. ( = tell sth. to sb.)告诉某人某事_______________________中国社会
all over the world 全世界advise sb. to do 建议某人做某事
二、句式
1.I wanted to see the Beijing Opera. offer to do sth. 提供做某事
https://www.360docs.net/doc/114879501.html,o She is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the twentieth century.
（one of the+最高级+名词复数）
https://www.360docs.net/doc/114879501.html,o She Teahouse gives a warm welcome to everyone from all over the world.
Module6 Animals in danger
一、词汇
danger: n.危险—________________: adj.危险的note: v. 通知—______________: n.布告，告知science：n.科学—_______________: n.科学家develop: v.发展—___________________: n. 发展二、短语
_______________处于危险之中take away _________________ __________________照顾raise some money________________ find out____________________
三、句式
1.Sb. be interested in sth. 某人对某事感兴趣allow sb. __________ sth. 允许某人做某事
2.It makes me mad!
Module7 A famous story
一、短语
by the river在河边被称为___________________ 跌倒______________________
smile at对...微笑arrive at+小地点arrive in+大地点land on 落到...上
一两次_________________ take out________________ go down沿着...走
二、句式
1.follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事what...for? 有什么用
2.It’s too dark to see anything. too... to 太...而不能
三、cross, across和through的区别
①cross是动词,（从平面）穿过②across是介词，go across（从平面）穿过
③through是介词，go through（从内部空间）穿过
Module8 Accidents
一、短语
_________________（look + adj. ）看起来苍白__________________在路上
appear round the corner在拐角处出现talk on the mobile phone 打电话
及时________________ 准时___________________ 留心，注意___________________________ walk along the street 沿着街道走side by side 肩并肩地
a box of bananas一箱子香蕉hurt badly 受伤严重as soon as一……就……
二、句式
1.wait __________ sth 等待做某事can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
2.stop ___________sth. 停止做某事stop____________sth. 停下来开始做某事
3.be glad to do 高兴做某事be glad at /about 对某物感到高兴
4.What else?(疑问词+ else？)
5.Show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 把某事展示给某人
三、作文话题安全
如：Safety is very important to everyone. Middle school students are the flowers of our country, so students' safety is the focus of everyone's attention.Firs t,we must obey the traffic rules when we go out. Don't cross the street when the traffic lights are red. Second,we should eat healthy food. Don't eat junk food. Eat more fruit and vegetables. Besides，don't hurt ourselves while we are exercising. It's dangerous to swim in the river alone, so don't go swimming without permission. In a word, life is all, and safety is the first. As students, please remember all the above. It's really important to us.
Module9 Population
一、短语
Prepare for 为...准备谈论关于______________ too much______________
人口增长_________________________ 稍等一分钟_________________________
Move to搬到.... 解决问题_______________________ 新鲜的空气________________
二、句式
1.The population of China is about 1.37billion.中国的人口大约有13.7亿。
2.It takes an hour to get there by bus.
三、数字的表达
1,000 one thousand（千）1,000,000 one million （百万）1,000,000,000 one billion （十亿）
123，453，687，985 __________________________________________________________________________________ 四、分数的表达
分子用_____________，分母用_____________；分子大于一，分母+_______。
Module10 The weather
一、词汇
cloud n. 云—_____________ adj. 多云的shower n. 阵雨—______________ adj. 阵雨的snow n.雪—___________adj. 下雪的rainy adj. 下雨的—____________ v.下雨
sun n. 太阳—___________ adj. 晴朗的wind v.刮风—_____________ adj. 多风的
二、句子
1.Are you joking?你在开玩笑吗？
2.I like snow as well. as well 固定搭配“也”
3.It’s probably sunny and hot there.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/114879501.html,e on, better get going! 最好现在去
5.The best time to visit New England is in September. the best time to do sth.干..的最好时候
6.If you want to visit Alaska, you had better go in summer.
had better _____sth.=may/ might as well do sth. 最好做某事
7.询问天气的问句：_____________________________；_____________________________
Module11 Way of life
一、重点短语：
1._________________________ What s surprise!
2. 打开我的礼物open my present/gift
2.接受我的礼物accept a gift 4. ____________________do some cleaning
6.太过于注意Pay much attention to 6. 例如for example
7.在春节________________________ 8. 理发have hair cut
二、句式
1. 有兴趣做某事be interested ________ sth
2. 你最好做某事you’d better _______ sth you’d better ____________ sth 最好不要做某事
3. You can't be serious! 你不是认真的吧！
三、作文话题生活方式
如：学校将举办英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇短文，与同学们分享你对健康生活方式的认识。
注意事项：1. 词数：100词左右(文章开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3. 文章必须包含所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥。
Living a healthy life
It's important for us to live a healthy life.
How to live a healthy life? Firstly, we need to
form good eating habits. We'd better eat
more fruits and vegetables instead of junk
food. Meanwhile, it's necessary to play
different sports because we can keep fit only if we exercise more. Then reading is a good way to relax, which also expands our horizons because there is always something new to learn in books. Besides, we need to focus our attention on sleeping habits which will possibly affect our daily mental state．
In a word, no matter what a small effort on lifestyle we make, it does make us healthier and happier．
Module12 Help
一、单词
break v. 打碎—____________ adj. 破碎的medicine n. 药物—______________ adj. 医学的
imagine v.想象—_____________ n. 想象力harm n. 伤害—_____________ adj. 有害的
clear adj. 清晰的—__________ adv. 清晰地help v. 帮助—_____________ adj. 有帮助的
二、短语
jump out of 跳出___________________ fires不接触火___________________保持冷静
be careful of小心think about考虑stop doing sth.停止做某事
确保________________
三、句式
1.He is in pain. 他很疼First of all, find out what’s wrong with him.
2.But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.（have trouble doing sth.）
3.In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks.
四、作文话题安全
Keeping safe at school
It’s important for us to keep safe at school and it will make us study better and live more happily．In order to keep safe at school，we must do like these．
First，be in order when we are going upstairs or downstairs．Second，make sure to be safe when we are doing sports．Try not to be hurt．Third，know about some knowledge of safety．It’s helpful to us．
If we follow the advice，we’ll make ourselves safe at school．
主要语法知识
一、形容词比较级和最高级
（一）构成规则
①多数单音节形容词= 词尾加______ 或______
原级：long tall clean 长的高的干净的
比较级：longer _______ cleaner 较长的较高的较干净的
最高级：longest tallest __________ 最长的最高的最干净的
②以e结尾的单音节形容词= 词尾加_____ 或_____
原级：large late nice 大的晚的好的
比较级：larger ______ ________ 较大的较晚的较好的
最高级：largest latest _________ 最大的最晚的最好的
③以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母, 双写这个辅音字母，再加____ 或______
原级：big hot thin 大的热的瘦的
比较级：bigger _______ __________ 较大的较热的较瘦的
最高级：biggest ________ ___________ 最大的最热的最瘦的
④以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的形容词, 变y为_____，再加_____或_______
原级：easy busy angry 容易的繁忙的生气的
比较级：easier __________ __________ 较容易的较忙的较生气的
最高级：easiest __________ ___________ 最容易的最忙的最生气的
⑤两个或两个以上音节的形容词= more/most + 形容词原级
原级beautiful important 美丽的重要的
比较级：more beautiful _____________________ 较美的较重要的
最高级：most beautiful ______________________ 最美的最重要的
（二）不规则变化
（三）能修饰比较级的词
比较级前可用much / a lot / far(…得多)，a little/bit（稍微）, even（甚至）等表示程度（四）比较级的特殊用法
①“比较级 +and+ 比较级”表示“越来越…”It’s getting ______ and _______(cold)
②“The+ 比较级…，the+ 比较级…”表示“越…，就越…
如：越多越好The ________, the _______.
③“用twice等表示倍数的词+比较级than…” 表示甲是乙的几倍。
如：这间房是那间房面积的两倍。This room is_______ bigger than that one.
（五）最高级的用法
①形容词最高级的前面常有the，前面有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格则不加the
This is ______ ___________ day. 这是我最忙的一天。
The Changjiang River is ______ ____________ river.长江是中国最长的河流。
②形容词最高级表示“最...之一”时，可用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”
如：Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world.
③“the+序数词+最高级”表示“第几个最…”
如：The Yellow River is the second longes t river in China
（六）注意
①要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
China is larger than any other country in Asia. China is larger than any country in Europe.
②要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。
上海的人口比北京的人口多The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
The people in Shanghai is bigger than that in Beijing.
二、过去进行时
（一）基本结构
肯定句：主语+ was/were + 现在分词...
否定句：主语+ was/were + not + 现在分词...
一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语+ 现在分词...?
特殊疑问句：疑问代词/疑问副词+ was/were + 主语+ 现在分词...?
（二）过去进行时中，when 和while的区别
①when可指时间点，也可指时间段，所接动词可以是_________性动词，也可是_____性动词；
while只指__________，所接动词必须是______性动词。
②when引导，主句过去进行时，从句一般过去时，则强调when后的动作发生的突发性。
③主从动作都是延续性动词，或动作同时发生，即主从同时进行，多用________引导。
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