虚拟语气练习题(含答案)
虚拟语气练习题精选
虚拟语气的重点是：
1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。
2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。
3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。
4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。
上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。
下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。
一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型
（1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气
A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。
B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。
C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.
---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”
---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”
I wish that he weren’t so lazy.
(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.
(3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去
式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
（4）It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.
It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。
（5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：
Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
（6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如：
She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。
The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.
(7) if it were n ot for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：
If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.
(8) 虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。
They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。
(9)其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等
If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.
二、特殊形式的虚拟语气
虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、
表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由should(可省略)+动词原形that从句。
A、用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有：ask要求advise建议arrange安排beg请求
command命令decide决定demand要求desire渴望
determine决定insist坚持intend打算maintain坚持主张
move建议，动员propose提议object反对order命令
prefer建议require 需要request要求resolve下决心
recommend推荐suggest建议stipulate约定，规定urge强调，促进
vote公认，提议decree颁布（法令）pray请求
注意：这类动词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以接doing或者to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。
She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（书面体）
She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口语）
She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便)
B、用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：
advisable合理的decided决定的crucial关键的appropriate恰当的
determined决定的commanded命令的arranged安排的essential紧要的，基本的complied遵照anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的
desirable合意的better较好的，更好insistent坚持的desired想要
asked请求keen渴望的incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的
natural自然的insisted坚持necessary必要的suggested建议
urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的
possible可能的strange 奇怪的preferable （好一点）proposed提议
requested要求的required要求的recommended推荐resolved决定的
probable（可能的）pity可惜，憾事shame遗憾
注意：这类形容词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以for…to do…
来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。
It is essential that he should be prepared for this.
It is essential for him to be prepared for this.
C．用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有：
advice忠告decision决定demand要求desire要求、愿望
insistence坚持motion提议necessity必要性order命令
preference偏爱proposal提议pray恳求recommendation推荐
request要求requirement要求resolution决心suggestion劝告、忠告
例如：
This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。
The motion that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。
三、混合虚拟语气
有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。
If you that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.
A. haven’t watched
B. didn’t watch
C. hadn’t watched
D. wouldn’t have watched答案选C。
Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to return for something.
Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.
混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。
I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.
该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。
Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟（如果你去并且解释的话），但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为“父母病了”是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式had
been。
四、含蓄虚拟条件句
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：
（1）介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition 等。
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.
A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
D. As for 答案选B。
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wanted.
If only I had more money, I could buy a car.
(注：lest, for fear that 和in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如：
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。
（3）通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake.
A. were sleeping
B. would be sleeping
C. had been sleeping
D. would sleep选择B。
(4)形容词及其比较级
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done.
(5)分词短语
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father.
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time.
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman.
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation.
It would be easier to do it this way.
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构
A judicious man would not have committed suicide.
A diligent student would have worked harder.
(8)独立主格结构
All things considered, the price would be reasonable.
(9)定语从句
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight.
(10）情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气：
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke.
(11)动词原形表示虚拟
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。
God bless you!
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come).
If that be so, we shall take action at once.
/鼓励
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
强化训练：虚拟语气
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we ____ all right.
A. would be
B. would have been
C. were
D. may be
2. ____ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were
B. Had the captain been
C. Should the captain be
D. If the captain would have been
3. If he _____ me tomorrow, I would let him know.
A. should call
B. should not have been able
C. were not able
D. are not able
4. If you asked your father you _____ permission.
A. may get
B. might get
C. should have called
D. maybe get
5. ____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If he leaves
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was
B. Had been
C. Will be
D. Were
7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. could lose
B. would have lost
C. might lose
D. ought to have lost
8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.
A. must have been
B. would have been
C. were
D. would be
9. If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.
A. shouldn’t contact
B. didn’t contact
C. weren’t to contact
D. hadn’t contacted
10. he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday
A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
D. As for
11. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice
A. follow
B. would follow
C. had followed
D. have followed
12. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.
A. must have been
B. would have been
C. were
D. hadn’t contacted
13. If the horse won today, it thirty races in five years.
A. would have won
B. won
C. must have won
D. did have won
14. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.
A. being there
B. should there be
C. there was
D. there having been
15. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.
A. had to be printed
B. should have been printed
C. must be printed
D. should be printed
16. Jean Wagner’s most en during contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
A. is to be analyzed
B. has been analyzed
C. be analyzed
D. should have been analyzed
17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ fully occupied the whole of last week.
A. were
B. had been
C. have been
D. was
18. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A. offend
B. had offended
C. should have offended
D. might have offended
19. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d there by now.
A. be
B. circles
C. is circling
D. be circling
20. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.
A. were circling
B. circles
C. is circling
D. be circling
21. I wish that I ______ with you last night.
A. went
B. have gone
C. could go
D. could have gone
22. I wish I with her.
A. would be
B. am
C. was
D. were
23. I wish that I the concert last night.
A. could
B. have attended
C. could have attended
D. attended
24. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I to it.
A. had not gone
B. have not gone
C. did not go
D. can not have gone
25. “I wish you me to put these things away,” he said.
A. will help
B. help
C. are helping
D. would help
26. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.
A. did not occur
B. had not occurred
C. was not occurring
D. be circling
27. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped.
A. him calling me
B. that he would call me
C. him to call me
D. that he call me
28. George would certainly have attended the proceedings .
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire
B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened
C. had he not had a flat tire
D. had the tire not flattened itself
29. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their
B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her
D. had written any compositions for his
30. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.
A. were
B. had been
C. is
D. has been
31. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success.
A. had been
B. has been
C. were
D. was
32. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.
A. has been
B. was
C. is
D. had been
33. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant.
A. lifts
B. is lifting
C. lifted
D. could lift
34. He described the town as if he it himself.
A. had seen
B. has seen
C. saw
D. sees
35. At that thought he shook himself, as though he from an evil dream.
A. woke
B. wakes
C. would wake
D. had woke
36. Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims until
they investigate the situation.
A. do
B. don’t
C. didn’t
D. didn’t do
37. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they the experience of meeting.
A. hadn’t
B. didn’t have had
C. hadn’t had
D. hadn’t hav e
38. It is important that the TOEFL office your registration.
A. will confirm
B. confirm
C. confirms
D. must confirm
39. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology.
A. will not have been achieved
B. have not been achieved
C. would not have been achieved
D. had not been achieved
40. He told her to return the book in time so that others a chance to read it .
A. may have
B. will have
C. would have
D. might have
41. It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals.
A. takes
B. took
C. has taken
D. taking
42. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ______all diplomas from elementary school to university.
A. has
B. will have
C. should have
D. must have
43. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting.
A. would come
B. came
C. would have come
D. had come
44. I must sa y he reads very well, and I shouldn’t be surprised if he acting for a living one day.
A. had taken up
B. takes up
C. have taken up
D. would have taken up
45. If I had seen the movie, I you all about it now.
A. would tell
B. will tell
C. have told
D. would have told
46. I hadn’t expected Henry to apologize but I had hoped.
A. him t call me up
B. him calling me up
C. that he would call me up
D. that he will call me
47. I had hoped that John ______a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.
A. spends
B. spent
C. would spend
D. will spend
48. I had hoped that Jennifer a doctor, but she wasn’t good enough at science.
A. will become
B. became
C. would become
D. becomes
49. I’d rather you anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. didn’t do
C. don’t
D. didn’t
50. I’d just as soon_______ rudely to her.
A. that you won’t speak
B. you not speaking
C. you not speak
D. you didn’t speak
51. It’s high time they this road.
A. mend
B. mended
C. must have mended
D. will mend
52. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.
A. take
B. took
C. have taken
D. will take
53. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we the class.
A. shall start
B. would start
C. had started
D. start
54. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
D. As for
55. Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. has received
B. ought to have received
C. couldn’t have received
D. shouldn’t have received
56. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he _______to see his classmates off.
A. came
B. would come
C. would have come
D. should be coming
57. He’s working hard for fear that he.
A. should fall behind
B. fell behind
C. may fall behind
D. would fall behind
58. Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might for a century.
A. have been postponed
B. has been postponed
C. postpone
D. be postponed
59. In the past men generally preferred that their wives______ in the home.
A. worked
B. would work
C. work
D. were working
60. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child
psychologically ready for the new idea.
A. is
B. were
C. be
D. would be
61. Tom’s father, as well as his mother,in New York for a few days more.
A. ask him to stay
B. ask he to stay
C. asks he stays
D. asks he stay
62. Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable.
A. she waits
B. she wait
C. wait she
D. she waited
63. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.
A. had to be printed
B. should have been printed
C. must be printed
D. should be printed
64. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.
A. sing
B. singed
C. had signed
D. were signing
65. It is appropriate that some time ______thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.
A. devotes to
B. devoted to
C. is devoted to
D. be devoted to
答案与详解
1．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。
2．B．条件句表示与过去事实的虚拟。
3．A．条件句表示与未来事实的虚拟。
4．B．条件句表示与未来事实的相反。
5．C．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
6．D．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
7．B．这个句子中含有一个省略if，把助动词提前到主语they之前的虚拟条件句，该条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost为正确答案。
8．（D）这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选would(should, could, might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。
9．（D）until recently，因此（D）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟条件句。
10．（B）假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如but for、but that、without, 由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐会，所以应选But for为正确答案。
11．（C）题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故If only条件句假设的是过去一种情况，因此应该用had +过去分词，所以正确答案是（C）。
12．D．注意主句now表示现在的时间状语，所以主句是对现在虚拟，从句是对过去虚拟。13．A．从句对过去的虚拟。
14．B．从句表示虚拟，而主句是事实。
15．（D）it是形式宾语，urgent是宾语补足语，that引导的从句是真正的宾语从句，该从句的内容被认为是urgent（急迫的），这样从句的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气形式，即should（可以省略）+动词原形。因此，本题正确答案是（D）。
16．（C）在表示要求、愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的名词同位语从句中，从句谓语动
词要用虚拟语气形式，即should(可以省略)+动词原形。
17．（D）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由but引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而but所引导的句子中应该用表示志过去事实相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。
18．（B）此题要求在if从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动词apologize(抱歉)来看，if从句中表达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除（A），因为（A）是现在时。（C）中should+have+过去分词结构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。（D）选项中的might+have+过去分词表示对过去发生的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能成为事实，所以藉此道歉真是不知从何说起，因此此处也不合题意。（B）had offended表示当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条件句：apologize 是现在，而条件句是表示对过去假设的条件句。
19．（A）该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）。条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句表示对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（A）。20．（A）as if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be 动词用were）或would(could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故（A）是正确答案。
21．D．
22．D．
23．C．
24．A．
25．D．
26．（B）had not occurred表示对过去的虚拟，条件句中要用过去完成式，主句中要用should(would, could, might)+动词原形的过去分词。
27．（B）had hoped是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型,虚拟语气would+动词原形。
28．（C）表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形式为would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词，条件句为过去完成式，if可以省略，但要把had提前主语前面。（B），（D）的表达不符合英语表达习惯，所以（C）是正确答案。
29．（A）suggest后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形式为should（可以省略）+动词原形。30．A．表示与现在相反的虚拟。
31．A．as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
32．D．felt是过去式，所以该句是由as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
33．D．as if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟。
34．A．as if引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
35．C．
36．（D）would rather后接从句要求用虚拟语气，形式为过去式，表示对现在或将来的假设，或为过去完成式表示对过去的情况的假设。
37．（C）who引导的定语从句中的现在完成时表示动作业已发生，所以主句中表示的虚拟是针对已经发生了的行为，所以应该用过去完成式表示对过去的虚拟。
38．（B）
39．（C）这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情况也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用would not have been achieved 这一形式。
40．（D）连so that引导的从句中要求用虚拟语气，表示一种假设，形式为might+动词原形。41．（B）It is time that是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。虚拟语气形式为动词的过去式。
42．（C）
43．（C）otherwise用来表示一种含蓄的虚拟假设，因为是对过去(yesterday)的情况的假设，所以应该用would have come形式。
44．（B）所给的四个选项中没有一个表示对未来的情况的虚拟的形式should+动词原形，或是were to do，因此可以断定if引导的条件句在这里最真实的条件句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，故（B）是正确答案。
45．（A）这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子，if条件句表示的是对过去情况的假设，而主句是对现在（now）的情况的假设，故用would tell形式。
46．C．
47．C．
48．C．
49．B．would rather引导的虚拟语气其谓语用过去式。
50．D．would as soon引导的虚拟语气，其谓语动词也用过去式.
51．B．
52．B．
53．B．
54．B．
55．C．注意单词otherwise引导虚拟语气。56．C．同上。
57．A．注意词组for fear that
58．A．注意without
59．C．
60．C．
61．D．
62．B．
63．D．
64．A．
65．D．
(完整版)虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题[1]
虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动 作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should 通常用于第一人称,would 可用于任何人称,同时 也可根据意思用情态动词could,might 等代替should,would 。 If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. country. 3.与将来事实相反 If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 4.错综时间虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动 词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如: If I were you, I would have gone home.
If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) If the weather had been more favorable ,the crops would be growing still better. 状语从句 1. 方式状语as if(as though) 如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might,could)+动词原形"。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 2.目的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might,can/could)+动词原形"。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. 3. 连词引导的条件状语从句: in case , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。 4. 连词引导的步状语从句: lest ,for fear that等 We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us. 二.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right.
虚拟语气练习题及答案
虚拟语气练习题 用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box. 16.----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.” 17.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time. 18.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting. 19.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand. 20.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening. Part B. 1.She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help. 2.If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now. 3.If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight. 4._______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. 8.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 9.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 13.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. 14.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive). 15.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. 17.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
语法知识—虚拟语气的专项训练
一、选择题 1．If I you, I would rather at home and watch TV than to the party. A．was；stay, go B．am；stay, go C．were；to stay, go D．were；stay, go 2．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid . A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t 3．If I ______ you, I _____the job. A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 4．– I coughed a lot last night. What should I do? – If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once. A．am B．were C．was 5．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story. A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell 6．---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it? --- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet. A．am B．was C．will be D．were 7．----What can I do with so much money? ----If I _______ you, I _______ give it away to charity. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 8．If I ____ you, I ____ buy a bike for him. A．was, would B．was, could C．were, would D．were, could 9．If his brother a millionaire（百万富翁）, he'd buy her sister the expensive car. A．was B．were C．is D．be 10．If I ________ invited tonight, I would go to the dinner party. A．was B．were C．am D．is 11．If I______you, I_______go there at once. A．am, would B．were, would C．were, will D．am, will 12．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive. —If I you, I would give up wine. A．were; drinking B．am; drinking C．were; drink D．was;to drink 13．– What would you do if you ______ a car accident? – I will call the police. A．met B．meet C．were meeting 14．—He suggests that his friend _________ to Beijing right now. —I think it’s a good ________.
虚拟语气专项练习经典
虚拟语气专项练习经典 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I not so busy ,I with you . A．was , would go B．were , would go C．was , should go D．were , will go 【答案】B 【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。 点睛： 3．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid . A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我是你，我就不害怕。考查的是虚拟语气的基本用法。条件用过去时，主句要用过去将来时，故选C。 考点：虚拟语气 点评：虚拟语气其实就是if引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，不过这个条件是无法实
精选虚拟语气练习题含答案
. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 虚拟语气练习题 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 一．用所给动词的适当形式填空： 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. Part A. 8.t be so many accidents. What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn'9.2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 3.The boat wouldn't have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 4.If I had known you already ____(have) a typewriter, I ____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 't know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 13.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 7.Today's industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 8.14.9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. I hate driving. I'd much rather you _____(drive). 15.10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 11. 17.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you. 12.18.down yesterday. A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done. 19.Do you wish that you ______(have) a sister like her? 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 20.Isn'14.He talked as if he ____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week? If only we _____(have) a phone! I'm tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
虚拟语气专项练习60题
高考虚拟语气专项练习60 题 1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie 2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired A. drove; didn ’t get B. drove; wouldn ’t get C. were driving; wouldn ’t get D. had driven ; wouldn ’t have got 4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is 8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today ---I would rather she ____ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told 9. ---Would you have called her up ? ---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for 12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from going A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work 14. ____today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left 15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come 17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment. A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped 18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday
复习专题虚拟语气专项练习题及答案
复习专题虚拟语气专项练习题及答案 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。 考查虚拟语气。根据If I you，这是一个虚拟语气，此句虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设，即与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式；该语法主要用于if条件状语从句，本句“如果我是你”，be动词用were，后面主句用过去将来时would＋动词原形，故答案选C。 3．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化， 考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形；spreading是动名词；to spread是动词不定式；will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议，后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议，故后面使用虚拟语气，省略了should，故选A。 【点睛】 动词suggest 后面可以跟名词作宾语，用于句型“suggest sth.”。如：I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。 suggest 后跟动名词作宾语，如：He suggested going home. 他提议回家。 suggest后面跟that引导的宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，一般省略情态动词should，所以本题选项是A。
虚拟语气练习题及答案解析
情态动词、虚拟语气60题 1. ——Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon. —— No, I＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. don’t B. can’t C. won’t D. couldn’t 2. ——I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins.＿＿＿I have a look? —— Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C.Shall D. Should 3. He seldom listens to others. He＿＿＿＿＿answer for what he has done. A. shall B. will C. can D. would 4. ——May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon? ——No, I’m afraid you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn't D. won’t 5. —— Shall I tell John about it? —— No, you＿＿＿＿. I don’t know his telephone number. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 6. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How＿＿＿it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 7. The traffic light is red, so I＿＿＿＿＿＿stop my car. A. must B. have to C. can D. mustn’t 8. —— What happened to the young trees we planted? —— The trees＿＿＿＿＿＿well, but I didn’t water them. A. might grow B. needn’t have grown C. would grow D. would have grown 9. I was really anxious about you. You＿＿＿home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 10. Children＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in public very often. A. should be praised B. shouldn’t have praised C. shouldn’t have be en praised D. shouldn’t be praised 11. Let’s clean the classroom, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?
虚拟语气专项练习题及答案
外研版英语虚拟语气专项练习题及答案 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I _______ you , I _______ do that . A．was , would B．were ; wouldn’t C．am , won’t D．were , won’t 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；主句用should （would,could,might）+ 动词原形。故选D。 考点：虚拟条件句。 2．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story. A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会告诉他们这个故事。本题考查虚拟语气，if 从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would +动词原形，表示与现在的事实相反。故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 3． I________ a big house for my family if I _____ a lot of money． A．would buy, have B．would buy, had C．will buy; had D．will buy, will have 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我有很多钱，我要给家人买个大大的房子。句子用虚拟语气，所以动词用过去式，would，had，故选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 4．If I______ you, I would take a small present.. A．am B．was C．were D．are 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我我你，我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气，系动词用were，故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 5．If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents. A．have; will B．had; will C．had; will D．had; would 【答案】D
解析虚拟语气练习题(简单含答案和解释)
虚拟语气练习题 1. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2. You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 3. The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4. It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5. He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been
6. If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7. I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8. Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel? A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10. _____ the fog, we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11. If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.
高中英语虚拟语气练习题答案
精选练习 1．You didn’t let rne drive. If we_______in turn，you_______so tired． A. drove；didn’t get B. drove；wouldn’t get C．were driving；wouldn’t get D．had driven；wouldn’t have got 2．It’s high time we____________to the theater． A. will B. shall C. are going to D.went 3．It’s strange that they_______nothing about this matter． A. know B. would know C knows D．knew 4．He suggests we________to the cinema at once，otherwise we will be late． A. must go B. go C. will go D. would go 5．The general ordered that the thief__________． A. be punished B. would punish C. would be punished D. should punish 6．If only I___________how to operate a computer as yo do! A. had known B．would know C. should know D．knew 7．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it______· A. breaks B. has broken C．were broken D．had been broken 8．The chairman requested that____________． A. the members studied the problem more carefully B．the problems were more carefully studied C．the problems could be studied with more care D．the members study the problem more carefully 9．If I_____you，I________more attention to English idioms and phrases. A. was；shall pay B. am；will pay C. would be；would pay D．were; would pay 10．We cannot imagine what our world________like without electric power．
初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案(带解析)
虚拟语气讲解 语气(mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。 祈使语气(imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。 虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。 如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如：If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）