九年级英语Unit第3课时教案

Period 3 Section A Grammar Focus-4c

【知识与能力目标】

1) 学习掌握下列词汇：fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument

2）进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。

3）进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。

4) 掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法，并通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用。

【过程与方法目标】

在本课的任务型语言教学中，我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式，在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。

【情感态度价值观目标】

培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。

【教学重点】

1) 学习生词fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument

2) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。

【教学难点】

1) 一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。

2) 综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。

【教学步骤】

Step 1. Warm- up and revision

1. Have a dictation of the new words learned in the last class.

2. Review some main phrases we learned in the last class. Check the homework.

3. Let some Ss tell something about how tea was invented by accident.

Tell something about how tea was invented by accident.

One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.

It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the world’s favorite drink was invented.

Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.

Lu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.

It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.

Step 2. Grammar Focus.

1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。

① 拉链是什么时候被发明的？______ _____ the zipper ________?

② 它于1893年被发明。It ______ _________ in 1893.

③ 它是由谁发明的？______ _____ it invented ______?

④ 它是由惠特科姆?贾得森发明的。It _____ _______ _____ Whitcomb Judson.

⑤ 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？_____ ______tea ________ to Korea?

⑥ 茶叶在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.

⑦ 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？What ____ the hot ice-cream _____ _____?

⑧ 它用于挖很冷的冰淇淋。It’s _____ ______ ______ really cold ice-cream.

⑨ 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。The telephone _____ ________ _____ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

⑩ 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.

2. 学生们根据记忆，看大屏幕来完成填空练习。

3. 学生们完成填空试题后，可以打开课本检查答案，对错误的句子，单独进行强化记忆。

Step 3. Grammar

一般现在时的被动语态中讲到的“被动语态的用法”和“如何将主动语态(含“主+谓+宾”句型的句子)变为被动语态”同样适用于一般过去时的被动语态，不同的只是这两种时态的被动语态的“构成”，所以这里我们重点讲解一般过去时的被动语态的构成(was / were +及物动词的过去分词)及在各种句式中的运用。

1. 肯定句：主语+ was/were +及物动词的过去分词+ 其他.

e.g. The bridge was built three years ago. 这座桥是三年前修建的。

2. 否定句：主语+ was/were not +及物动词的过去分词+ 其他.

e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first. 开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。

3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were +主语+及物动词的过去分词+ 其他?

e.g. Were these pictures drawn by your sister? 这些图片是由你妹妹画的吗？

肯定回答Yes, 主语+ was / were.Yes, it was.

否定回答No, 主语+ was / were + not.No, it wasn’t.

4. 特殊疑问句：

疑问词（不作主语）+ was / were +主语+ 及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) + 其他?

e.g. When was the bridge built?

【拓展】

1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。

e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather.

The meeting was put off because of the weather.

2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。

e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday.

I was given an e-dictionary yesterday.

An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday.

3. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to

的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。

e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house.

A heavy man was seen to enter the house.

4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。

e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown?

5. 含复合宾语(宾语+ 宾语补足语)的主动结构变被动结构时，通常把主动结构中的宾语改为被动结构中的主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。

主动结构：I found him lying on the floor.

被动结构：He was found lying on the floor by me.

Step 4. Exercises

I. 根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词（含缩略形式）。

1. My mother cleaned the room this morning. (改为被动语态)

The room ________ _______ by my mother this morning.

2. Was the model plane made by your brother? (补全肯定答语)

________, it __________.

3. The bag was stolen last week. (改为否定句)

The bag ______ _______ last week.

4. The criminal was caught yesterday. (对划线部分提问)

_________ _________ the criminal ________?

II. 将下列句子改为被动语态，每空一词。

1. We put off the meeting.

The meeting _________ ________ ________ by us.

2. Mother made me a new skirt.

A new skirt _________ _________ ___________ me by Mother.

3. They asked me to help them.

I __________ ___________ ___________ ____________ _____________.

Answers: I. 1. was cleaned 2. Yes; was 3. wasn’t stolen 4. When was; caught

II. 1. was put off 2. was made for 3. was asked to help them

Step 5. Practice

Work on 4a:

1. Tell Ss to read the sentences in 4a and rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.

2. 做题方法点拨示例：

① 点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为sold，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，应将the fridge 作主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式。

They sold the fridge at a low price. →

The fridge was sold at a low price.

② 点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语动词，my camera是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将my camera作句子主语，谓语动词用was stolen的形式。

Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. →

My camera was stolen from my hotel room.

学生们自主将其他三个句子变成被动语态。

3. 最后，教师与同学们一起校对答案，并对学生们有疑问的地方进行解释，或做出合理的分析点拨。Where were these photos taken?

We were advised not to go out alone.

The book was translated into different languages by different writers.

Work on 4b: Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.

1. 让学生们阅读方框中的词汇，了解词汇及句子的意思，为进行填词做好准备。

eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring

2. 认真阅读每个句子，根据上下文确定空格处应填的意思。

3. 逐句进行分析推敲，然后分析句子的时态及语态，用适当的形式填空。

1) You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go?

2) The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.

3) The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell.

4) The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.

5) The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them.

4. 最后，通读一遍所有句子，进行综合理解，看句子的意思是否通顺，合理。

5. Check the answers with the Ss.

1. were invited

2. were brought

3. was locked, rang (前一句中，门是被锁的，故应用被动语态；后一句中，我们去按门铃，是主动语态。)

4. were told, broke (前一句中，学生们是被告诉不要做这些事情，故应用被动语态；后一句中，Ruby违反规则，则是主动语态。)

5. were eaten, liked (前一句中，饼干是被孩子们吃掉了，故应用被动语态；后一句中，孩子们喜欢这些饼干，则是主动语态。)

Step 6. Practice

Work on 4c: Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.

1. 先通读小短文，了解大意。

The telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson.

In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.

2. 逐句分析每一句话的意思，确定句子主语和谓语动词之间主动或被动关系。

3. 结合句子的时态，填上正确的形式。

4. 复读短文，看是否通顺。

5. Check the answers

Step 7. Homework

补全下列主动句变被动句。

1. Jenny put her clothes in the suitcase last night.

Her clothes________ __________ in the suitcase last night.

2. The twins sang an English song that day.

An English song _________ _________ ________ by the twins that day.

3. Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

_________ a bridge _________ here by them a year ago?

4. They sold out the light green dresses yesterday.

The light green dresses _________ __________ ___________ out.