语言学选择题练习word精品
语言学选择题练习
川.There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement:
1. The morpheme “ vision ” in the com mon word “ televisicD ________ .” is a(n) __
A. bound morpheme
B. bound form
C. i nflectio nal morpheme
D. free morpheme
2. The compo und word “ bookstore ” is the place where books are sold. This in dicates that the meaning of a compo und ___ D _____ .
A. is the sum total of the meaning of its comp onents
B. can always be worked out by look ing at the meanings of morphemes
C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.
D. None of the above.
3. The part of speech of the compo unds is gen erally determ ined by the part of speech of _ B __ .
A. the first eleme nt
B. the sec ond eleme nt
C. either the first or the sec ond eleme nt
D. both the first and the sec ond eleme nts
4. _ B ___ are those that cannot be used in depe nden tly but have to be comb ined with other
morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.
A. Free morphemes
B. Bound morphemes
C. Bound words
D. Words
5. _ C _____ is a branch of grammar which studies the in ternal structure of words and the
rules by which words are formed.
A. Syn tax
B. Grammar
C. Morphology
D. Morpheme
6. The meaning carried by the in flecti onal morpheme is C ___ .
A. lexical
B. morphemic
C. grammatical
D. sema ntic
7. Bound morphemes are those that _ D _______ .
A. have to be used in depe nden tly
B. can not be comb ined with other morphemes
C. can either be free or bound
D. have to be comb ined with other morphemes
8. A modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not cha nge the part of speech of the origi nal
word.
A. Prefixes
B. Suffixes
C. Roots
D. Affixes
9. __ B _____ a re ofte n thought to be the smallest meanin gful un its of Ian guage by the
li nguists.
A. Words
B. Morphemes
C. Phon emes
D. Sentences
10. -“” in the word “ books ” is __
A. a derivative affix
B. a stem
C. an in flect ional affix
D. a root
11 Of all the speech orga ns, the __ C ____ i s/are the most flexible.
A. mouth
B. lips
C. ton gue
D. vocal cords
12. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are A sounds.
A. voiceless
B. voiced
C. vowel
D. consonan tal
13. __ B _____ i s a voiced alveolar stop.
A. /z/
B. /d/
C. /k/
D. /b/
14. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “ copying ” a feature of a
seque ntial phon eme, thus making the two phones ___ D ______ .
A. ide ntical
B. same
C. exactly alike
D. similar
15. Si nee /p/ and /b/ are phon etically similar, occur in the same environments and they can disti nguish
meaning, they are said to be A __________________ .
A. in phon emic con trast
B. in compleme ntary distributi on
C. the alloph ones
D. minimal pair
16. The sound /f/ is ___ D ____________ .
A. voiced palatal affricate
B. voiced alveolar stop
C. voiceless velar fricative
D. voiceless labiode ntal fricative
17. A __C__ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the ton gue maintaining the highest positi on.
A. back
B. cen tral
C. front
D. middle
18. Disti nctive features can be found running over a seque nee of two or more phon emic segme nts. The
phon emic features that occur above the level of the segme nts are called C___.
A. phon etic comp onents
B. immediate con stitue nts
C. suprasegme ntal features
D. sema ntic features
19. A(n) _____ D ____ is a un it that is of dist inctive value. It is an abstract un it, a collecti on of
disti nctive phon etic features.
A. phone
B. sound
C. alloph one
D. Phon eme
20. The differe nt phones which can represe nt a phon eme in differe nt phon etic environments are called
the __D__ of that phon eme.
A. phones
B. sounds
C. pho nemes
D. alloph ones
21. If a lin guistic study describes and an alyzes the Ian guage people actually use, it is said to be C___.
A. prescriptive
B. an alytic
C. descriptive
D. li nguistic
22. Moder n lin guistics regards the writte n Ian guage as C ___ .
A. primary
B. correct
C. sec on dary
D. stable
23. A historical study of Ian guage is a __B ___ study of Ian guage.
A. synchronic
B. diachr onic
C. prescriptive
D. comparative
24. Accord ing to F. de Saussure, _C ___ refers to the abstract lin guistic system shared by all the members of a speech com muni ty.
A. parole
B. performa nee
C. la ngue
D. Lan guage
25. Lan guage can be used to refer to con texts removed from the immediate situatio ns of the speaker. This
feature is called A ,
A. displaceme nt
B. duality
C. flexibility
D. cultural tran smissi on
26. Of all the speech orga ns, the __C ___ is/are the most flexible.
A. mouth
B. lips
C. ton gue
D. vocal cords
27. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrat ing are A soun ds.
A. voiceless
B. voiced
C. vowel
D. consonan tal
28. Si nee /p/ and /b/ are pho netically similar, occur in the same environments and they can
disti nguish meaning, they are said to be A _________ .
A. in phon emic con trast
B. in compleme ntary distributi on
C. the alloph ones
D. mini mal pair
29. A __C__ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest positi on.
A. back
B. cen tral
C. front
D. middle
30. A(n) ___ D ______ is a un it that is of dist in ctive value. It is an abstract un it, a collect ion of
disti nctive phon etic features.
A. phone
B. sound
C. alloph one
D. pho neme
31. The morpheme “ visio n ” in the com mon word “ televisicD .” is a(n) __
A. bound morpheme
B. bound form
C. i nflectio nal morpheme
D. free morpheme
32. The compo und word “ bookstore ” is the place where books are sold. This in dicates that the
meaning of a compo und __ D ______ .
A. is the sum total of the meaning of its comp onents
B. can always be worked out by look ing at the meanings of morphemes
C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.
D. None of the above.
33. __ C _____ i s a branch of grammar which studies the in ternal structure of words and the
rules by which words are formed.
A. Sy ntax
B. Grammar
C. Morphology
D. Morpheme
34. The meaning carried by the in flect ional morpheme is _ C ___ .
A. lexical
B. morphemic
C. grammatical
D. sema ntic
35. A modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not cha nge the part of speech of
the origi nal word.
A. Prefixes
B. Suffixes
C. Roots
D. Affixes
36. A sentence is con sidered __D__ whe n it does not conform to the grammatical kno wledge in
the mind of n ative speakers.
A. right
B. wrong
C. grammatical
D. un grammatical
37. Phrase structure rules have A properties.
A. recursive
B. grammatical
C. social
D. fun cti onal
38. Phrase structure rules allow us to better un dersta nd ___ D _______ .
A. how words and phrases form senten ces.
B. what con stitutes the grammaticality of stri ngs of words
C. how people produce and recog nize possible senten ces
D. All of the above.
39. Syn tactic moveme nt is dictated by rules traditi on ally called A .
A. tran sformatio nal rules
B. gen erative rules
C. phrase structure rules
D. x-bar theory
40. The sentence structure is __ D ____ .
A. only lin ear
B. only hierarchical
C. complex
D. both lin ear and hierarchical
41. The syn tactic rules of any Ian guage are __C__ in nu mber.
A. large
B. small
C. finite
D. i nfinite
42. The __ D ___ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sen-
ten ces.
A. lexical
B. morphological
C. li nguistic
D. comb in ati onal
43. “ We shall know a word by the compa ny it keeps. ” This stateme nt rep res ents __
A. the con ceptualist view
B. con texutalism
C. the naming theory
D. behaviourism
44. “ Can I borrow your bike? D ”_ You have a bike. ”
A. is synonym ous with
B. is incon siste nt with
C. en tails
D. presupposes
45. ____ B _____ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning
comp onen ts, called sema ntic features.
A. Predication analysis
B. Componential analysis
C. Phonemic analysis
D.
Grammatical an alysis
46. “ Alive ” and “ dead ” areC .
A. gradable antonyms
B. relational opposites
C. complementary antonyms
D. None of the above
47. _____ C ___ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the
same form.
A. Polysemy
B. Synonymy
C. Homonymy
D. Hyponymy
48. Words that are close in meaning are called _______ D _____ .
A. homonyms
B. polysemy
C. hyp onyms
D. synonyms
49. A ____ does not study meaning in isolatio n, but in con text.
A. Pragmatics
B. Sema ntics
C. Sense relatio n
D. Con cept
50. What esse ntially dist in guishes sema ntics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning
___ D _____ is
con sidered.
A. reference
B. speech act
C. practical usage
D. con text
51. A sentence is a __ B _____ con cept, and the meaning of a sentence is ofte n studied in
isolati on.
A. pragmatic
B. grammatical
C. men tal
D. con ceptual
52. If we thi nk of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of com muni cati on, it becomes a(n) ____ C ____ .
A. con stative
B. directive
C. uttera nee
D. expressive
53. Which of the followi ng is true? __ B ___
A. Uttera nces usually do not take the form of senten ces.
B. Some uttera nces cannot be restored to complete senten ces.
C. No uttera nces can take the form of senten ces.
D. All uttera nces can be restored to complete senten ces.
54. ____ C ___ is the act performed by or result ing from say ing someth ing; it is the
con seque nee of, or the
cha nge brought about by the uttera nee.
A. A locuti onary act
B. An illocuti onary act
C. A perlocuti onary act
D. A
performative act
55. All the acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose, but they differ
___ C _____ .
A. in their illocutio nary acts.
B. in their inten ti ons expressed
C. in their stre ngth or force
D. in their effect brought about
56. When any of the maxims un der the cooperative prin ciple is flouted, _ D __ might arise.
A. impoliteness
B. contradictions
C. mutual understanding
D. conversational
implicatures
57. En glish Ian guage bel ongs to A _____ .
A. Indo-European Family
B. Sino-Tibetan Family
C. Austronesian Family
D. Afroasiatic Family
58. Which of the follow ing is not a desig n feature of huma n Ian guage?
A. Arbitrari ness
B. Displaceme nt
C. Duality
D. Meaningfuln ess
59. In moder n lin guistics, speech is regarded as more basic tha n writi ng, because ____ .
A. in lin guistic evoluti on, speech is prior to writ ing
B. speech plays a greater role tha n writi ng in terms of the amount of in formatio n con veyed
C. speech is always the way in which every n ative speaker acquires his mother ton gue
D. All of the above
60. Lan guage is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection betwee n _____ and
meanin gs.
A. sense
B. sounds
C. objects
D. ideas
61. A sentence is con sidered ___ whe n it does n ot conform to the grammatical kno wledge in the mind of n ative speakers.
A. right
B. wrong
C. grammatical
D. un grammatical
62. A _________ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
A. coord inator