高中英语Unit15Lessons1-2Grammar-虚拟语气(一)讲练北师版必修5

虚拟语气（一）

条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现

的，主从句皆用陈述语气；非真实条件句所表的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，主从句皆用虚拟语气。接下来，我们一起看看非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。

★当主从句所表示的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整，主从句按各自的时间采用相应的谓语形式。如：

If he had bee n trying hard, his pare nts would not be so worried.

If he knew this, it would have had to be by accide nt.

If I were not busy, I would have come.

★如果if条件句中有were, had, should等词时，可以省去if，把这几个词放在句首。如：Were you in my positi on, you would do the same.

Had she bee n asked, she would have done it.

Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

【即学即练】

I. 从括号内选择正确的选项填空。

1. If I _______ (met / shall meet) him tomorrow, I should have a talk with him.

If I _______ (am / were) him, I would not use the computer just to play games,

to chat, or to listen to music; I _________ ____ (would learn / will learn) some knowledge and skills, which will be helpful in the future.

2. If I _______ (had / had had) time last night, I _____________ (had gone / would have

gone) to see the film with you. If I had gone to the cinema, I __________ (will see

/ would have seen) my favourite film star in the flesh and I ______________ (would have take n / will have take n) a photo with her.

3. _______ (Were / Am) I a pare nt, I would have a lot of rules at my house. However,

I would take time to do things for my children. And I ________________ (will allow / would allow) them to develop their own hobbies and to choose their own clothes.

4. If we had arrived at the shopp ing mall earlier, we ______ (will get / would

get) more gifts now.

II. 从括号内选出正确的选项完成下列句子。

1. We (could have won / won) the big game if we had practiced more.

2. If I (had known / kn ew) you were wait ing for me, I would have walked faster.

3. If you (had lived / lived) there for a while, you would cha nge your mind about that place.

4. If I (h ad knew / kn ew) the an swer to all your qu estio ns, I would be a genius

(天才).

5. If Eve (had spoke n / spoke) to him yesterday, she should know what to do now.

III. 根据汉语意思补全下列句子(每空一词) 。

1. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你一些。

If I had money with me, I _________________________________ .

2. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错了。

If he __________________________________ , he would not have made such a mistake.

3. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不去滑冰了。

If there ________ a heavy snow n ext Sun day, we __________________________________ . 4. 如果贝蒂知道你的地址，她早就给你写信了。

_______ Betty ________ y our address, she would have writte n to you.

5. 如果我还年轻，我会努力学习取得学位。

_______________________ , I would study hard to get a degree.

IV. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式补全下列对话。

Tom: What ________ ”you________ (do) at this moment if you were at home?

Henry: Playi ng cards, maybe.

Tom: If I had known you liked cards, I ________(buy) some yesterday. If I happe n

to see them tomorrow, I ________ (buy) them.

Henry: Oh, if I liked them so much, I _________(bri ng) some with me yesterday. I (not, mind) at all if I didn ' t play here. We only (waste) this nice weather if we were playi ng cards no w. It (be) much

ni cer if we could go for a walk.

Tom: Why not?

V. 从A、B、C D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. If my car ____ more reliable, I would have drive n to Lhasa in stead of flying

last summer.

(陕西2012)

A. was

B. had bee n

C. should be

D. would be

2. Sorry, I am too busy no w. If I ____ time, I would certa inly go for an outi ng

with you.

（湖南

2012）

A. have had

B. had had

have D. had

3. Grace doesn ' t want to move to New York because she thinks i

s he wouldn' t be able to see her

（安徽2012）

A. lives

B. would live

D. were to live

4. If we ______ adequate preparations, the conference successful.

A. haven ' t made

B. wouldn ' t make

r f she _____ there, pare nts very ofte n. has lived

wouldn' t have been so

（山东

2012）didn ' t make

D. hadn ' t made

5. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _____________ .

（浙江2010）

A. would have bee n saved

B. had bee n saved

C. will be saved

D. was saved

VI.根据图片内容，用虚拟语气改写句子。

You have an office ch air with wheels. The dog is pushi ng the chair around the

room now.

If the chair didn ' t have wheels, the dog _______________ p ushing it around

the room now.

You left your dogs at home alone all day. They are begg ing you for

a walk now.

If you ________ y our dogs at home alone all da y, they wouldn ' t be

begg ing you for a walk now.

The lights in the restaura nt are bli ndi ng （刺眼的）.

If we improved the lighti ng, it _____________ （make） the restaura nt feel

more roma ntic.

I. 1. met; were; would lear n 2. had had; would have gone; would have see n; would

have taken 3. Were; would allow 4. would get

II. 1. could have won 2. had known 3. lived 4. knew 5. had spoke n

III. 1. would lend you some 2. had taken my advice 3. were; would not go skating

4. Had; known

5. Were I young

IV. would; be doing; would have bought; shall / will buy; would have brought; wouldn' t mind; would; be wasting; would be

V. 1-5 BDDDA

VI. 1. wouldn ' t be 2. hadn ' t left 3. would make