英汉沉积学常用词汇

Common V ocabulary of Sedimentology

沉积学常用词汇

A

abandoned channel 废弃河道

abandoned delta 废弃的三角洲

ablation breccia 消融角砾岩

abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地

absolute age 绝对年龄

absorpting 吸附性

absorption 吸收性

abundance of trace element 微量元素丰度abyss(deep sea) 深海

abyssal basin 深海盆地

abyssal deposit 深海沉积

abyssal facies 深海相

abyssal ooze 深海软泥

abyssal plain 深海平原

abyssal subcompensational basin 深海欠补偿盆地

accretion ripple 加积波痕

accretion topography 加积地形

accretional plain 加积平原

accumulation terrace 堆积阶地

ACD(aragonite compensation depth) 文石补偿深度

acicular texture 针状结构

acid sialic stage 酸性硅铝阶段

active continental margin 活动大陆边缘active crust 活动地壳

adhesion ripple 粘附波痕

adhesion wart 粘附瘤痕

advanced dune 前进沙丘

aeolian dune facies 风成沙丘相

aeolian ripple marks 风成波痕

aeolian rock 风成岩

agglomerate 集块岩agglomeratic texture 集块结构agglutinated grain texture 胶粒结构aggradation 加积作用

air-heave structure 气胀结构aleuropelitic texture 粉沙泥质结构algal mat 藻席

algal mound 藻丘

algal ooid 藻鲕

algal peloid 藻球粒

algal reef 藻礁

algal reef limestone 藻礁灰岩

alkali lake 碱湖

alkali-feldspar 碱性长石

allitized stage 铝铁土阶段

allochem 异化颗粒

allochemical limestone 异化颗粒灰岩allochemical phosphorite 异化磷块岩allochthonous limestone 异地灰岩allochthonous phosphorite 异地磷块岩alluvial apron 冲积裙

alluvial facies 冲积相

alluvial fan 冲积扇

alluvial plain 冲积平原

alluvial terrace 冲积阶地

altered tuff 蚀变凝灰岩

ammonoid 菊石类

amorphous texture 胶状结构amphibian 两栖动物

amygdaloidal structure 杏仁结构anadiagenesis 后生成岩作用analcimolith 方沸石岩

analysis of rocks and minerals 岩矿分析angiosperm 被子植物

angular 棱角状

angular gravel 角砾

angular unconformity 角度不整合anhydrite 硬石膏

anhydrock 硬石膏岩

anisotropic fabric 异向组构

antecedent river 先成河

Anthichnium花趾迹

antidune cross bedding 逆行沙丘交错层理apatite 磷灰石

aphanitic texture 隐晶结构

apparent age 表观年龄

apposition fabric 同沉积组构aquatolysis 陆解作用

aragonite 文石

archaeocyathid 古杯类

Archaeopteryx始祖鸟

Archean Era 太古代

Arenicolites沙蚤迹

arenite 砂屑岩，净砂岩

argillite 泥板岩

arid climate 干旱气候

arkose 长石砂岩

arsenopyrite 毒砂

Arthropoda 节肢动物

ascending springy 上升泉

ash content 灰分

ash fragment 灰屑

asphalt 地沥青

asphalt mound 沥青丘

asphaltenes 沥青质

assimilation 同化作用

asymmetrical ripple 不对称波痕

atoll 环礁

atmosphere 大气圈

aulacogen 拗拉谷

authigenic mineral 自生矿物

autunite 钙铀云母

auxiliary mineral 次要矿物

axis 地轴

B

B-C sequence B—C层序

back reef facies 礁后相

back arc basin 弧后盆地backshore zone 后滨带backshore facies 后滨相

back swamp 河漫沼泽

back swamp facies 河漫沼泽相backward erosion 向源侵蚀backwash 回流

bacteria 细菌

bafflestone 障积岩

baffling texture 障积结构bahamite 巴哈马石

ball and pillow structure 砂球枕构造banded bedding 带状层理

banded limestone facies 缎带灰岩相bank reef 堤礁

bank seismic facies 滩地震相barchan 新月型沙丘

barite 重晶石

barrier beach 障壁滩

barrier bar 障壁沙坝

barrier island 障壁岛

barrier island system 障壁岛体系barrier reef 障壁礁，堡礁

basal arkose 基底长石砂岩

basal cementation 基底式胶结basal conglomerate 底砾岩

basalt 玄武岩

baselap 底超

basement 基底

basic rock 基性岩

basinal lake 无口湖

batholith 岩基

bathymetric map 等深线图bauxitic rock 铝土岩

bauxitic rocks 铝土岩类

bayment 海湾

bayment sediment 海湾沉积

beach 海滩

beach conglomerate 滨岸砾岩

beach cusp 滩角

beach environment and facies 海滩环境和相beach face 滩面

beach facies 海滩相

beach profile 海滩剖面

beach ridge 滩脊

beach ridge facies 海滩砂脊相

beach rock 海滩岩

beach system 海滩体系

Beaconites灯塔迹

bed 层

bed load 床沙载荷

bed migration 床沙迁移

bed thickness 层厚

bedding 层理

bedding plane structures 层面构造bedding structures 层理构造

bedform 床沙形态

benthos 底栖动物

beryl 绿柱石

biaxial crystal 三轴晶

bimodal cross bedding 双向交错层理bimodal current 双向流

bimodal distribution 双峰分布

binding texture 粘结结构

bio-absorption 生物吸附

bio-assimilation 生物吸收

bio-diagenesis 生物成岩

bio-mineralization 生物成矿

biochemical deposition 生物化学沉积biochemical transportation 生物化学搬运biochemical weathering 生物化学风化biochron 生物时bioclast 生物碎屑

bioclastic limestone 生物碎屑灰岩bioclastic sparite 亮晶生物碎屑灰岩bioclastic micrite 生物碎屑微晶灰岩biodeposition 生物沉积

biofacies 生态相

biofacies-paleogeographic map 生物相古地理图

biofixation 生物固定

bioframework pore 生物骨架孔

biogenic lamination structure 生物层理构造biogeochemistry(organic geochemistry) 有机地球化学

bioherm 生物层

biohermal facies 生物层相

biohermal activity 生物活动

biohermal community 生物群落

biohermal marker 生物标志化合物biohermal trail 生物遗迹

biohermal weathering 生物风化biomechanical deposition 生物机械沉积biomechanical transportation 生物机械搬运biophosphorite 生物磷块岩

biophysical weathering 生物物理风化biosphere 生物圈

biostratigraphic unit 生物地层单位biostratigraphy 生物地层学

biosurface 生物面

biota 生物群

biotite 黑云母

bioturbation facies 生物扰动相bioturbation structure 生物扰动构造biozone 生物带

bird fecal phosphorite 鸟粪石磷块岩

bird-foot delta 鸟足状三角洲

birdeye pore 鸟眼孔

birdeye structure 鸟眼构造

bitter lake 盐湖

bitumen 沥青

bivalve 双壳类

black shale 黑色页岩

bladed 叶片状

blister mat 泡状藻席

blue-green algae(cyanophyte) 蓝绿藻body fossils 实体化石

boehmite 一水软铝石

boehmitic rock 一水铝土岩boghead coal 藻煤

boracite 方硼石

borax 硼砂

boring 生物钻孔

bottom cast 底模

bottom current 底流

bottom current facies 底流相bottom mark 底痕

bottom moraine facies 底积相bottom reef facies 礁底相

bottom set 底积层

boulder 漂砾

boulder conglomerate 漂砾砾岩Bouma sequence 鲍马层序boundstone 粘结岩

brachiopod 腕足动物

brackish-water lake 半咸水湖

braid index 游荡性指数

braided river 辫状河

breaker zone 碎浪带

breccia 角砾岩

broken stage 破碎阶段

brown algae 褐藻

bruise 撞痕

brush cast 刷模

bryophyte 苔藓植物

bryozoan 苔藓虫类

bubble impression 泡沫痕

buildup 岩隆bulkrock analysis 全岩分析

burrow 潜穴

C

C14 age method C14法

caking property 粘结性

calcarenite 砂屑灰岩

calcarenitic texture 砂屑结构

calcareous cement 钙质胶结物

calcareous concretion 钙质结核calcareous quartzarenite 钙质石英岩calcareous shale 钙质页岩calcarenaceous turbidite facies 钙屑浊积岩相calcilutite 泥屑灰岩

calcilutic texture 泥屑结构

calcirudite 砾屑灰岩

calcirutidic texture 砾屑结构

calcisiltic texture 粉屑结构

calcisiltite 粉屑灰岩

calcite 方解石

Caledonian movement 加里东运动

caliche 钙结岩

Cambrian Period 寒武纪

cap reef facies 礁盖相

capillary action dolomitization 毛细管浓缩白云化作用

caprock 盖层

captured river 袭夺河

carbonhydrate 碳水化合物

carbon isotope 碳同位素

carbonaceous shale 炭质页岩

carbonate flysch suite 碳酸盐岩复理石建造carbonate grain 碳酸盐颗粒

carbonate minerals 碳酸盐矿物

carbonate platform 碳酸盐台地

carbonate rocks 碳酸盐岩类

carbonatite 碳酸岩

Carboniferous Period 石炭纪

carnallite 光卤石

cast solution pore 铸模孔

cataclasite 碎裂岩

catagenesis 后生作用

catagenetic concretion 后生结核catagenetic conglomerate 后生砾岩catagenetic dolostone 后生白云岩catagenetic mineral 后生矿物catastrophism 灾变论cathodoluminescence analysis 阴极发光分析cave deposit 洞穴沉积

cave-collapse breccia 洞穴塌陷角砾岩

CCD(calcite compensation depth) 方解石补偿深度

CDT scale CDT标准

Ce anomaly 铈异常

celestine 天青石

cement 胶结物

cement textures 胶结物结构

cementation 胶结作用

cementing zone 胶结带

Cenozoic Era 新生代

center of subsidence 沉降中心cephalopoda 头足类

chalcedony 玉髓

chalk 白垩

chalk carbonate suite 白垩碳酸岩建造chamosite 鲕绿泥石

channel-fill facies 河道充填相

channel bar 心滩

chaotic carbonate facies 异地碳酸盐相chaotic sediment 混杂沉积物

charophyte 轮藻

chemical analysis 化学分析

chemical composition analysis 化学成分分析chemical sedimentary deposit 化学沉积矿床chemical sedimentary differentiation 化学沉积分异chemical structures 化学成因构造chemical weathering 化学风化

chenier facies 千尼尔相

chert 燧石岩

chevron mark 锯齿痕

chicken wire structure 鸡笼铁丝网构造Chirotherium掌趾迹

chlorite 绿泥石

Chondrichthyes 软骨鱼类

Chondrites均分潜迹chronostratigraphic unit 年代地层单位chronostratigraphy 年代地层学

chute 串沟

chute cut-off 串沟截直

cirque 冰斗

classic tectonics 经典大地构造学

clast 碎屑

clastic material 碎屑物质

clastic composition analysis 碎屑成分分析clastic mineral 碎屑矿物

clastic model 碎屑模型

clastic texture 碎屑结构

clay 粘土

clay mineral 粘土矿物

claystone 粘土岩

climate 气候

climatic arkose 气候长石砂岩

climbing ripple 爬生波痕

climbing ripple cross lamination 爬升沙纹层理

clot 凝块石

cluster analysis 聚类分析

CM plot C-M图

coal 煤

coal geology 煤田地质学

coal-accumulating process 聚煤作用

coal-forming process 成煤作用coalification 煤化作用

coaly monoterrigenous suite 单陆屑含煤建造coarse conglomerate 粗砾岩

coarse sand 粗砂

coarse silt 粗粉砂

coarse siltstone 粗粉砂岩

coast 海岸

coast line 岸线

coastal bay system 湾岸体系

coastal lake area 滨湖区

coastal lake facies 滨湖相

coastal plain 海岸平原

coastal reef 岸礁

coastal topography 海岸地形

coated grain 包粒

coated grain phosphorite 包粒磷块岩cobble 粗砾

coccolith 颗石藻

cock’s comb structure 鸡冠状构造coefficient of the distribution 分配系数Coelenterata 腔肠动物

coking coal 焦煤

coking property 结焦性

cold climate 寒冷气候

cold water carbonate 冷水碳酸盐

collapse breccia 滑塌角砾央

colloform mat 胶状藻席

colloid solution 胶体溶液

collophane 胶磷矿

compaction 压实作用

complex delta 复合三角洲

compositional maturity 成分成熟度compound ooid 复鲕

compound ripple 复合波痕

compound structures 复合成因构造comprehensive terms 综合术语

concave flood plain 河漫滩

concavo-convex contact 凹凸接触concretion 结核condensed section 凝缩层

cone-in-cone structure 叠锥构造conformity 整合

conglomerate 砾岩

conglomerates 砾岩类

connecting texture 连生构造

conodont 牙形石类

consequent river 顺向河

consolidation 固结作用

constructive delta 建设性三角洲contact cementation 接触式胶结contact metamorphism 接触变质contemporaneous concretion 同生结核contemporaneous conglomerate 同生砾岩continental crust 陆壳

continental drift hypothesis 大陆漂移说continental glacier 大陆冰川continental growth 大陆增生continental rift 大陆裂谷

continental rise 陆隆

continental slope 陆坡

contour current 等深流

contourite 等深积岩（等深岩）contourite drift等深岩丘

contourite facies 等深积岩相convergent margin 会聚边缘

convolute bedding 包卷层理

coppery carbonate rock 含铜碳酸盐岩coppery conglomerate 含铜砾岩coppery rock 铜质岩

coppery rocks 铜质岩类

coppery sandstone 含铜砂岩

coppery shale 含铜页岩

coquina 介壳灰岩

coral 珊瑚

coral reef 珊瑚礁

coral reef limestone 珊瑚礁灰岩

coral reef facies 礁核相

correlative analysis 相关分析

coset 层系组

Cosmorhaphe丽线迹

country rock 围岩

cover 盖层

crack 裂隙

crater lake 火口湖

cratonic basin 克拉通盆地

crawling trail 爬行迹

CRER(Cretaceous Events and Rhythms) 白垩纪事件与韵律

Cretaceous Period 白垩纪

crevasse splay 决口扇

crevasse-splay facies 决口扇相

Crinoid 海百合类

cristobalite 方英石

cross bedding 交错层理

cross bedding orientation 交错层理定向crude oil 原油

Cruziana克鲁兹迹

Cruziana assemblage 克鲁兹迹组合cryptograin texture 隐粒结构

Cryptozoic Eon 隐生宙

crystal cast 晶体印模

crystal fragment 晶屑

crystal grain texture 晶粒结构

crystal optics 晶体光学

crystal tuff 晶屑凝灰岩

crystallized ooid 变晶鲕

crystalline dolostone 结晶白云岩crystalline granular texture 晶粒结构crystallization differentiation 结晶分异作用crystallo petrology 结晶岩石学crystalloblastic texture 变晶结构cumulative frequency curve 频率累积曲线cumulative probability curve 概率累积曲线current mark 流痕

current ripple 流水流痕current ripple cross lamination 流水沙纹层理current rose 流水玫瑰花图

curty bedding 卷曲层理

curved ripple 扭曲波痕

cuspate delta 鸟嘴状三角洲

cut-off 裁弯取直

cutoff basin 封闭盆地

cycle sequence 旋回层序cyclostratigraphy 旋回地层学Cylindrichnus柱管迹

Cylindricum柱形迹

D

dammed lake 堰塞湖

damp climate 潮湿气候

debris flow 泥石流

debris flow facies 泥石流相decomposition 分解作用dedolomitization 去白云化作用

deep lake area 深湖区

deep lake facies 深湖相

deep water lagoon 深水泻湖

deep-water basin 深水盆地

deep-water environment 深水环境

deep-water shelf 深水陆棚

deep-water system 深水沉积体系deformation 变形

deformation fabric 形变结构

degradation 降解作用

degypsification 去膏化作用

dehydration 脱水作用

delta 三角洲

delta environment and facies 三角洲环境和相delta front 三角洲前缘

delta lobate 三角洲叶状体

delta plain 三角洲平原

delta plain facies 三角洲平原相

delta system 三角洲体系

deluvial facies 坡积相

deluvial zone 坡积带

density current 密度流

denudation 剥蚀作用

depocenter 沉积中心

depositional bauxitic rock 沉积型铝土岩depositional cycle 沉积旋回

depositional plain 沉积平原

depositional system 沉积体系

depositional system analysis 沉积体系分析desert 沙漠

desert environment and facies 沙漠环境和相desert facies 沙漠相

desert lake 沙漠湖泊

desert lake facies 沙漠湖泊相

desert system 沙漠体系

desert varnish 沙漠漆

destructive delta 破坏性三角洲determination of rocks and minerals 岩矿鉴定deviation ooid 偏心鲕

development in sedimentology 沉积学进展Devonian Period 泥盆纪

diagenesis 成岩作用

diagenetic concretion 成岩结核

diagenetic conglomerate 成岩砾岩diagenetic crack 成岩裂隙

diagenetic dolostone 成岩白云岩diagenetic environment 成岩环境diagenetic mineral 成岩矿物

diagenetic trap 成岩圈闭

diagonal bar 斜列沙坝

diagonal bedding 斜层理

diamictite 混积岩

diapiric structure 底辟构造

diara 沙洲

diaspore 一水硬铝石

diastem 沉积停顿

diatactive varve 粒度递变纹泥diatom 硅藻

diatom ooze 硅藻软泥

diatomite 硅藻岩

diatreme breccia 爆发角砾岩

dickite 地开石

Dictyodora网锥迹

differential thermal analysis 差热分析differential weathering 差异风化

Dikaka双叉迹

dike 岩脉

Dinosaur 恐龙

dip 倾向

Diplichnites双趾迹

Diplocraterion双环迹

direct runoff 地表径流

dirty sandstone 脏砂岩

discriminant analysis 判别分析

dish structure 盘状构造

disorganized 乱杂型

disorganized bedding 紊乱层理

dispersal system 分散系

dissected basin 切割盆地

dissolution 溶解

dissolved load 溶解载荷

dissolved material 溶解物质

dissolving zone 溶解带

distal bar 远砂坝

distal bar facies 远砂坝相

distal facies 远源相

distal fan 外扇

distal onlap 远端上超

distal turbidite 远源浊积岩

distorted ooid 变形鲕

distributary 分流

distributary backswamp facies 分流河道河漫沼泽相

distributary channel 分流河道

distributary channel facies 分流河道相

distributary levee facies 分流河道堤岸相distributary mouth bar 河口砂坝distributary mouth bar facies 河口砂坝相distribution of REE 稀土元素分配distribution of trace element 微量元素分配distrophic lake 缺养湖

disturbed bedding 扰动层理

dolarenite 砂屑白云岩

doll concretion 钙结核

dololaminite 纹层状白云岩

dololutite 泥屑白云岩

dolomicrite 微晶白云岩

dolomite 白云石

dolomitic limestone 云灰岩

dolomitic phosphorite 白云质磷块岩dolomitization 白云石化作用

dolomitized limestone 白云化灰岩dolorudite 砾屑白云岩

dolosiltite 粉屑白云岩

dolostone 白云岩

dolostone evaporite suite 白云岩型蒸发岩建造

dolostones 白云岩类

domelike stromatolite 穹状叠层石

dorag dolomitization 混合白云化作用double mud drapes 双粘土层

downcutting 下切作用

downlap 下超

downslope ripple 下移波痕

draa 臂状沙丘

drainage basin 流域

drainage system 水系

drift dam 冰碛坝

drift plain 冰碛平原

drowned platform 沉没台地

drowned valley 溺谷

drusy texture 丛生结构

dune 沙丘dune facies 沙丘相

dwelling trail 居住迹

E

early diagenesis 早期成岩作用

earth 地球

ea rth’s core地核

e arth’s crust地壳

e arth’s mantle地幔

Echinoderm 棘皮动物

Echinoid 海胆类

ecology 生态学

economic geology 经济地质学edgewise structure 竹叶状构造effusive rock 喷出岩

Eh value Eh值

electronic probe analysis 电子探针分析elevated crust 抬生地壳

eluvial breccia 残积角砾岩

eluvial facies 残积相

eluvial zone 残积带

embayment 海湾

enclosed sea 封闭海

end moraine facies 终冰碛相

end peneplain 终期准平原

endobiont 内栖动物

endogenetic sediments 内成沉积物endogenic deposit 内生矿床endorheic basin 内流盆地

Eocene Epoch 始新世

eolian basin 风蚀盆地

eolian cross bedding 风成交错层理eolian dune 风成沙丘

eolianite 风成岩

eonothem 宇

epeiric sea 陆表海

epibionts 底表生物

epidiagenesis 表生成岩作用

epidiagenetic environment 表生成岩环境epigenesis 表生作用

epigenetic concretion 表生结核

epigenetic deposit 后生矿床

epiglyph 顶面痕

epimatrix 外杂基

epoch of mineralization 成矿期

epsilon cross bedding ε交错层理epsomite 泻利盐

equant 等轴状

erathem 界

erosion 侵蚀作用

erosional basis 侵蚀基准面

erosional plain 侵蚀平原

erosional terrace 侵蚀阶地

erosional topography 侵蚀地形

escape structure 逃逸构造

esker 蛇形丘

essential mineral 主要矿物

estuarine facies 河口湾相

estuary 河口湾

ething mark 刻蚀痕

eugeosyncline 优地槽

euryhaline environment 广盐度环境euryhaline lagoon 广盐泻湖

euryhaline organism 广盐性生物eurythermal organism 广温性生物eutrophic lake 兹养湖

evaporation 蒸发作用

evaporite 蒸发岩

evaporite platform 蒸发盐台地

evaporite-solution breccia 盐溶角砾岩evaporites 蒸发岩类

evaporitive pumping dolomitization 蒸发泵白云化作用

excrement 排泄物

exinite 壳质组

exogenetic sediments 表成沉积物experimental sedimentology 实验沉积学explanation for orientation 定向解释

F

fabric 组构

fabric of carbonate rock 碳酸盐岩组构fabric of claystone 粘土岩组构

facies 相

facies arrangement 相排列

facies association 相组合

facies belt 相带

facies change 相变

facies fossil 指相化石

facies group 相组

facies map 相图

facies mineral 指相矿物

facies model 相模式

facies province 相区

facies sequence 相序列

fan-shaped delta 扇形三角洲

faro 小环礁

fault 断层

fault basin 断陷盆地

fauna 动物群

fecal peloid 粪球粒

feeding trail 进食迹

feldspar 长石

feldsparthic litharenite 长石岩屑砂岩feldsparthic quartzarenite 长石石英砂岩felty structure 毡状构造

fenestral structure 窗孔构造ferroalumino suite 铝土铁质建造ferrodolomite 铁白云石ferromanganese concretion 铁锰结核ferruginous cement 铁质胶结物ferruginous quartzarenite 铁质石英砂岩ferruginous rocks 铁质岩类ferruginous rock 铁质岩

ferruginous shale 铁质页岩

fibrous texture 纤状构造

filled valley 冲淤谷

filled-lake plain 淤积湖平原

film mat 薄膜状藻席

film texture 薄膜结构

fine conglomerate 细砾岩

fine sand 细砂

fine silt 细粉砂

fine siltstone 细粉砂岩

finger bar 指状砂坝

firth 三角港

fixed dune 固定沙丘

flame structure 火焰构造

flaser bedding 脉状层理

flat bedding 平坦层理

flat mat 平坦藻席

flocculation 聚沉作用，絮凝作用flocculation by condensation 浓缩聚沉flocculation by electrolyte 电解质聚沉

flood 洪水

flooded lake 河漫湖

flooded lake facies 河漫湖泊相

floodplain 洪积平原

floodplain facies 洪积平原相

flora 植物群

flow system 流动系

fluid 流体

fluid dynamics 流体动力学

fluidized sediment flow 液化沉积物流flume experiment 水槽实验

fluorescence analysis 荧光分析

fluorite 萤石

fluroapatite 氟磷灰石

flute cast 槽模

flute cast orientation 槽模定向

fluival environment and facies 河流环境和相fluival system 冲积体系fluival-dominated delta 河控三角洲fluxoturbidite 滑塌浊积岩

flysch 复理石

flysch facies 复理石相

flyschoid 类复理石

flysch suite 复理石建造

foliaton 叶理

footprint 足印

foraminifera reef limestone 有孔虫礁灰岩Foraminiferan 有孔虫类

fore reef facies 礁前相

forearc basin 弧前盆地

foredeep basin 前渊盆地

foreland basin 前陆盆地

foreset 前积层

foreshore facies 前滨相

foreslope facies 前缘斜坡相

forslope of platform 台地前缘斜坡formation 组

fossil 化石

fossil microtextures 生物显微结构

fossil orientation 化石定向

framework grain 骨粒

francolite 碳氟磷灰石

freeze thaw weathering 冻融风化frequency curve 频率曲线

fresh water dolomitization 淡水白云石化作用fresh water dolostone 淡水白云岩

fresh-water lake 淡水湖

freshened lagoon 淡化泻湖

freshening environment 淡化环境

front moraine facies 前积相

front sand sheet facies 前缘席状砂相

frost weathering 寒冻风化

frost 霜面

Froude’s Number福劳德数

fusulinid蜓类

fungi 真菌

G

ganister 致密硅岩

Gastropod 腹足类

gelatinous mat 凝胶状藻席

gelatinous phosphorite 胶状磷块岩geochemical methods 地球化学方法geochronologic scale 地质年代表geological record 地质记录geomorphologic unit 地貌单元geomorphology 地貌学

geopetal structure 示底构造

geophysical methods 地球物理方法geosuture 地缝合线

geosyncline 地槽

giant ripple 巨波痕

gibbsite 三水铝石

gibbsitic rock 三水铝土岩

Gilbert type delta 吉尔伯特型三角洲glacial climate 冰川气候

glacial environment and facies 冰川环境和相glacial erratics 冰川漂砾

glacial morphology 冰川地貌

glacial system 冰川体系

glacial tongue 冰舌

glacial valley 冰蚀谷

glacier 冰川

glaciodelta 冰成三角洲

glaciodelta facies 冰成三角洲相glaciofluvial environment 冰川冲积环境glaciofluvial facies 冰水冲积相glaciofluvial terrace 冰水阶地glaciolacustrine environment 冰川湖泊环境glaciolacutrine facies 冰川湖泊相glaciomarine environment 冰海环境glaciomarine facies 冰海相

glauconite 海绿石

glauconitic quartzarenite 海绿石石英砂岩global climate change 全球气候变迁

global rhythm and event 全球韵律和事件global sea level fluctuation 全球海平面升降global sedimentary geology program 全球沉积地质计划

global sedimentology 全球沉积学

global volcanism 全球火山作用globigerina ooze 抱球虫软泥

gneiss 片麻岩

gobi 戈壁

gobi facies 戈壁相

Gondwana 冈瓦纳古陆

Gondwana land bridge 冈瓦纳陆桥

grade scale 粒级标准

graded bedding 粒序层理

grain dolostone 颗粒白云岩

grain flow 颗粒流

grain index 颗粒指数

grain limestone 颗粒灰岩

grain orientation 颗粒定向

grain phosphorite 粒屑磷块岩

grain size 粒度

grain size analysis 粒度分析

grain size distribution 粒度分布

grain size parameter 粒度参数

grain supported 颗粒支撑

grainstone 颗粒岩

granite 花岗岩

granular texture 粒状结构

granule 细砾

grapestone 葡萄石

graptolite 笔石类

gravel 砾

gravel fabric 砾石组构

gravity cementation 重力胶结

gravity flow 重力流

greywacke 灰瓦克岩，硬砂岩，杂砂岩grazing trail 觅食迹

green algae(chorophyte) 绿藻

grey biterrigenous suite 灰色复陆屑建造graywacke (greywacke) 硬砂岩

greywacke suite 杂砂岩建造

groove cast 沟模

group 群

growth fabric 生长组构

guide fossil 标志化石

guyot 海底平顶山

Gymnosperm 裸子植物

gypsolith 石膏岩

gypsum 石膏

gypsum evaporite suite 膏盐型蒸发岩建造

H

hail print 雹痕

halides 卤化物

halite 石盐

halloysite 埃洛石

halmyrolysis 海解作用

hardground structure 硬底构造

heating stage 显微镜热台

heavy mineral 重矿物

heavy mineral analysis 重矿物分析Helminthoida蠕形迹

Helminthopsis拟蠕形迹

helocline 盐度跃层

hematite 赤铁矿

hematitic rock 赤铁岩

hemipelagic carbonate facies 半远洋碳酸盐相

hemipelagic environment 半远洋环境hemipelagic facies model 半远洋相模式hermatypic coral 造礁珊瑚

herringbone cross bedding 羽状交错层理heulanditic rock 片沸石岩

hiatus 沉积间断

high moor 高位沼泽high water level 高潮面

high-angle cross bedding 高角度交错层理high-density current 高密度流

high-energy ooid 高能鲕

high-magnesian calcite 高镁方解石

high-rank sandstone 高级杂砂岩

high-sinuosity river 高弯度河

highmoor peat 高沼泥炭

highstand system tract 高水位体系域

hill 丘陵

histogram 直方图

history of sedimentology 沉积学史Holocene Epoch 全新世

homopycnal flow 等密度流

honey comb structure 蜂窝状构造horizontal bedding 水平层理

host rock 主岩

hot sping 热泉

hot water dolomitization 热水白云石化作用hot water sedimentary rock 热水沉积岩

hot water sedimentation 热水沉积作用HREE 重稀土元素

humic acid 腐殖酸

humic substance 腐殖质

humic-type kerogen 腐殖型干酪根huminite 腐殖组

hummocky cross bedding 丘状交错层理hybrid sediments 混合沉积物

hydrated zone 水合带

hydration 水合作用

hydrocarbon 烃

hydrogen isotope 氢同位素

hydrolysis 水解作用

hydrolysis zone 水解带

hydrosphere 水圈

hydrothermal deposit 热液矿床hydrothermally cemented rock 热泉胶结岩Hyolithid 软舌螺类

hypabyssal rock 浅成岩

hypergenic mineral 表生矿物

I

ice crystal cast 冰晶模

ice sheet 冰盖

ichnology 遗迹学

ideal section 理想剖面

igneous petrology 火成岩石学

igneous rock 火成岩

illite 伊利石

imbricated structure 叠瓦构造

illite claystone 伊利石粘土岩

immersion method 油浸法

immersion oil 浸油

indentation 凹坑

index fossil 标准化石

index of meandering 曲流指数

index of sinuosity 弯度指数

indication of oil and gas 油气显示

Indo-China movement 印支运动

inertinite 惰性组

infrared absorption spectrum analysis 红外光谱分析

injective structure 注入构造

inland basin 内陆盆地

inland drainage 内陆水系

inland sabkha 内陆萨勃哈

inland sabkha facies 内陆萨勃哈相

inner bar 内沙坝

inner bar facies 内沙坝相

inner shelf 内陆棚

inner shelf facies 内陆棚相

inter-reef facies 礁间相

interarc basin 弧间盆地

intercalated beds 隔层

intercontinental rift 陆间裂谷interdistributary bay 分流间湾interference colour 干涉色

interference ripple 干涉波痕

interference figure 干涉图

interformational conglomerate 层间砾岩intergranular pore 粒间孔

intergranular solution pore 粒间溶孔interlayered bedding 互层层理

intermittent suspended load 间歇悬浮载荷intermontane basin 山间盆地

internal tide 内潮汐

internal-tide deposits 内潮汐沉积

internal wave 内波

internal-wave deposits 内波沉积International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS) 国际沉积学家协会International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) 国际地科联

interstitial water 孔隙水

interstitial material 填隙物

interstitial zone 潮间带

intra-arc basin 弧内盆地

intrabasinal environment and facies 内源沉积环境和相

intrabasinal lake 盆内湖

intrabasinal rock 盆内岩

intrabasinal sediment 内源沉积物

intraclast 内碎屑

intraclastic limestone 内碎屑灰岩intraclastic phosphorite 内碎屑磷灰岩intracratonic basin 克拉通内盆地intraformational breccia 层内角砾岩intragranular pore 粒内孔

intragranular solution pore 粒内溶孔intramicrite 内碎屑微晶灰岩

intramontane basin 山间盆地

intrasparite 内碎屑亮晶灰岩

iinverse graded bedding 逆粒序层理

ion absorption 离子吸附作用

ion exchange 离子交换作用

isolated platform 孤立台地

isolated ripple 孤立波痕

isolithic map 等岩性图

isopach cementation 等厚环边胶结isopachous map 等厚线图

Isopodichnus等趾迹

isotope abundance 同位素丰度

isotope composition 同位素组成

isotope dating 同位素定年

isotope fractionation 同位素分馏

isotope fractionation factor 同位素分馏系数isotope ratio 同位素比值

isotope standard 同位素标准

isotopic age 同位素年龄

isotopic geochemistry 同位素地球化学isotropic fabric 等向组构

J

jasper rock 碧玉岩

jasper suite 碧石建造

Jurassic Period 侏罗纪

K

kame 冰碛

kaolinic claystone 高岭石粘土岩

kaolinite 高岭石

karst breccia 岩溶角砾岩

karst lake 岩溶湖

karst morphology 岩溶地貌

kerogen 干酪根

kidney-like hematitic rock 肾状赤铁岩kidney-shaped texture 肾状结构

knob and tail mark 丘尾痕

kurtosis 尖度

L

lacustrine 湖泊的，湖成的lacustrine system 湖泊体系

lag facies 滞留相

lagoon 泻湖

lagoon facies 泻湖相

lake delta 湖泊三角洲

lake delta facies 湖泊三角洲相lamellar fibrous texture 层纤结构lamina 细层

laminar flow 层流

laminated texture 片状结构landslide 滑坡

late diagenesis 晚期成岩作用lateral accretion 侧向加积

lateral erosion 侧向侵蚀

lateral facies change 侧向相变laterite 红土

lateritic bauxitic rock 红土型铝土岩laterized stage 红土阶段

lattice structure 晶格状构造

lava fragment 浆屑

layered moraine 层状冰积物leaching zone 淋滤带

legend 图例

lenticular bedding 透镜状层理lenticulite 扁豆状熔灰岩

levee facies 堤岸相

Liesegang banding 李泽冈环

lime clast 灰屑

lime dolostone 灰云岩

lime mud 灰泥

lime mudstone 灰泥岩

lime-mud matrix 灰泥基质

lime-mud mound 灰泥丘limestone 石灰岩

limestones 灰岩类

limnic basin 陆相含煤盆地limnogenic rock 淡水沉积岩limonite 褐铁矿

limonite rock 褐铁岩

linear contact 线接触

linear sand bar 线形砂坝

lineation 线理

link single crystal texture 连生单晶结构litharenite 岩屑砂岩

lithic arkose 岩屑长石砂岩

lithic fragment 岩石碎屑

lithic graywacke 岩屑杂砂岩

lithic quartzarenite 岩屑石英砂岩

lithic tuff 岩屑凝灰岩

lithofacies 岩相

lithofacies map 岩相图

lithofication 石化作用

lithoherm 岩礁

lithologic column 岩性柱状图lithologic section 岩性剖面lithosphere 岩石圈lithostratigraphic unit 岩性地层单位lithostratigraphy 岩石地层学

lithotype 煤岩类型

littoral dune 沿岸沙丘

littoral zone 滨海带

load cast 重荷模

lobate bedding 叶状层理

loess 黄土

loess concretion 黄土结核

loess facies 黄土相

loess field 黄土原

logging 测井

lognormal distribution 对数正态分布longitudinal bar 纵向砂坝longitudinal section 纵剖面longshore bar 沿岸砂坝

longshore current 沿岸流Lophocteniun菊瓣迹

low moor 低位沼泽

low water level 低潮面low-angle cross bedding 低角度交错层理low-density current 低密度流

low-density turbidity current 低密度浊流low-rank sandstone 低级杂砂岩

low-sinuosity river 低弯度河

lower flow regime 下部流态

lowsand system tract 低水位体系域

LREE 轻稀土元素

lump 团块

lump limestone 团块灰岩

lump micrite limestone 团块微晶灰岩

lump phosphorite 团块磷块岩

lump sparite limestone 亮晶团块灰岩

M

macroclastic rock 粗碎屑岩

macrofossil 大化石

macroid 大包粒

magma 岩浆

magmatic deposit 岩浆矿床

magmatic rock 岩浆岩

magmatism 岩浆作用

magnesite 菱镁矿

magnetic element 地磁要素

magnetic pole 地磁极

magnetic pole wandering 地磁极游移magnetic stratigraphy 磁性地层学magnetite 磁铁矿

magnetitic rock 磁铁岩

main river 干流

mammal 哺乳动物

manganiferous carbonate rock 锰质碳酸盐岩manganiferous claystone 锰质粘土岩manganiferous concretion 锰结核manganiferous concretional rock 锰质结核岩manganiferous rock 锰质岩manganiferous rocks 锰质岩类manganiferous siliceous rock 锰质硅质岩

manganiferous clastic rock 锰质碎屑岩manganite 水锰矿

mantle convection 地幔对流

marchasite 白铁矿

marginal platform 边缘台地

marginal sea 陆缘海

marine bench 海蚀台

marine cliff 海蚀崖

marine diagenetic environment 海水成岩环境marine drift 漂流

marine environment and facies 海洋环境和相marine facies 海相

marine phreatic zone 海水潜流带

marine salina 滨海盐沼

marine vadose zone 海水渗流带

Markov chain analysis 马尔可夫链分析marl 泥灰岩

marsh 沼泽

marsh environment and facies 沼泽环境和相massive bedding 块状层理

massive flow 块体流

matrix 杂基

matrix supported 杂基支撑

maturity analysis 成熟度分析

maturity index 成熟度指数

mean 均值

mean grain size 平均粒度

mean high water level 平均高潮面

mean low water level 平均低潮面

mean range 平均潮差

mean sea level 平均海平面

meander belt 曲流带

meander scroll 曲流涡形坝

meandering river 蛇形河

meandering river 曲流河

measured section 实测剖面

mechanical sedimentary differentiation 机械沉积分异mechanical transportation and deposition 机械搬运和沉积

medial moraine facies 中碛相

median grain size 中值粒度Mediterranean sea 地中海

medium conglomerate 中粒砾岩

medium of transportation and sedimenation 搬运和沉积介质

medium sand 中砂

megaripple 大波痕

meltout till 融出碛

member 段

meniscus cementation 新月形胶结Merostomichnites肢口迹

Mesozoic Era 中生代

metallic mineral 金属矿物

metallic ore 金属矿产

metallogenetic epoch 成矿时代metallogenic belt 成矿带

metallogenic province 成矿区metamorphic age 变质年龄

metamorphic belt 变质带

metamorphic deposit 变质矿床metamorphic facies 变质相

metamorphic grade 变质程度metamorphic petrology 变质岩石学metamorphic rock 变质岩

metamorphism 变质作用

meteoric diagenetic environment 淡水成岩环境

meteoric phreatic zone 淡水潜流带meteoric vadose zone 淡水渗流带

meteoric water 大气降水

mica 云母

micrite 微晶

micrite cementation 泥晶胶结

micritic allochemical limestone 泥晶异化粒灰岩

micritic bauxitic rock 泥晶铝土岩

micritic bioclastic limestone 微晶生物屑灰岩micritic envelope 泥晶套

micritic intraclastic limestone 微晶内碎屑灰岩

micritic limestone 微晶灰岩

micritic lump limestone 微晶团块灰岩micritic oncolite limestone 微晶核形石灰岩micritic oolite limestone 微晶鲕粒灰岩micritic pellet limestone 微晶球粒灰岩micritic texture 泥晶结构

micritization 泥晶化作用

micritized ooid 泥晶化鲕

micro-relief 微起伏

microbiota 微生物

microclastic rock 细碎屑岩

microcline 微斜长石

microfacies 微相

microfossil 微化石

micrograin texture 微粒结构

microid 微包粒

microspar 微亮晶

microspar texture 微亮晶结构mictosigmatisation 混合作用

mid-channel bar 河心坝

mid-channel bar facies 心滩相

mid-ocean ridge 洋中脊

middle fan 中扇

migration of oil and gas 油气运移Milankovitch rhythms 米兰柯维奇韵律mineral deposits 矿床学

mineral fragment 矿物碎屑

mineral fuel 燃料矿产

mineral resources 矿产资源mineralization 矿化作用

mineralization age 成矿年龄

mineralizing experiment 成矿实验

Miocene Epoch 中新世miogeosyncline 冒地槽

mirabilite 芒硝

mixed reef carbonate suite 杂礁碳酸盐建造mixing flat facies 混合坪相

mixing water dolostone 混合水白云岩mixing zone 混合带

mixing-water diagenetic environment 混合水成岩环境

mode of deposition 沉积方式

mode of diagenesis 成岩作用方式

mode of transportation 搬运方式

model curve of REE distribution 稀土分布模式曲线

modified ripple 修饰波痕

moisture content 水分含量

molasse 磨拉石

molasse suite 磨拉石建造

molera 硅藻土

monoplacophoran 单板类monoterrigenous suite 单陆屑建造montmorillonite 蒙脱石

montmorillonitic claystone 蒙脱石粘土岩moraine facies 冰碛相

moraine hill 冰碛丘

moraine lake 冰湖

moraine of advance 前进冰碛

moraine of recession 后退冰碛

morderitic rock 丝光沸石岩

morphologic basin 地貌盆地

mosaic texture 嵌晶结构

motley biterrigenous suite 杂色复陆建造mottled limestone 斑杂灰岩

mottled structure 斑杂构造

mound 生物丘

mound facies 生物丘相

mound reef 丘礁

mountain glacier 山岳冰川

mountain piedmont 山麓

mud 泥

mud crack 干裂

mud flat facies 泥坪相

mud flow 泥流

mud volcanic structure 泥火山构造mud zone 泥带

mudeous cement 泥质胶结物mudstone 泥岩

muddy dolostone 泥云岩

muddy phosphorite 泥质磷块岩muddy sand 泥质砂

muddy siltstone 泥质粉砂岩mullion structure 窗棱构造mullusk 软体动物

multimodal distribution 多峰分布muscovite 白云母

N

nacrite 珍珠陶土

nailhead striation 钉头擦痕nannofossil 超微化石naphtholith 沥青页岩

native soil 残积土

natural gas 天然气

natural geography 自然地理学natural grade scale 自然粒级标准natural levee 天然堤

nature of supporting 支撑性质nearshore zone 近滨带nearshore bar 近滨砂坝nearshore current 近岸流nearshore facies 近滨相

neck cut-off 颈项截直

negative colloid 负胶体

negative ooid 负鲕

nekton 游泳生物neocatastrophism 新灾变论Neogene Period 新近纪

neomorphic texture 新生变形结构neomorphism 新生变形作用neptunianism 水成论

neptunic rock 水成岩

Nereites类沙蚕迹

nereites assemblage 类沙蚕迹组合

neritic basin 浅海盆地

neritic deposit 浅海沉积

neritic facies 浅海相

neritic shelf 浅海陆棚

net single crystal texture 网格单晶结构neutral shale facies 中性页岩相

New Red Sandstone 新红砂岩Newtonian fluid 牛顿流体

nodular structure 瘤状构造

non-layered moraine 非层状冰积物

non-Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体nonmetallic mineral 非金属矿物nonmetallic ore 非金属矿产

nonsoluble residue 不溶残余物质nontronite 绿脱石

normal distribution 正态分布

normal fault 正断层

normal graded beding 正粒序层理normal ripple 正常波痕

O

oblate 扁球状

occurrence measurement 产状测量

ocean basin 大洋盆地

ocean circulation 大洋环流

ocean crust 洋壳

ocean margin basin 大洋边缘盆地

ocean rise 海隆

oceanic anoxic event (OAE）大洋缺氧事件oceanic basalt suite 大洋玄武岩建造oceanic rift 大洋裂谷

offlap 退超

offlap sequence 退覆层序

offshore zone 滨外带

offshore bank 滨外浅滩

offshore bar 滨外砂坝

offshore facies 远滨相

offshore shelf 滨外陆棚

oil 油质

oil seepage 油苗

oil shale 油页岩

oil-bearing horizon 含油层

Old Red Sandstone 老红砂岩Oldhamia欧姆迹

Oligocene Epoch 渐新世oligomictic conglomerate 单成分砾岩olistolith 滑来岩

olistostrome 滑来层

oncoid 核形石

oncolitic micrite 核形石微晶灰岩oncolitic sparite 亮晶核形石灰岩onlap 上超

ooid 鲕粒

oolitic bauxitic rock 鲕粒铝土岩oolitic hematitic rock 鲕状赤铁岩oolitic limestone 鲕粒灰岩

oolitic shoal facies 鲕粒滩相oomicrite 鲕粒微晶灰岩

oosparite 亮晶鲕粒灰岩

opal 蛋白石

opal-A蛋白石-A

opal-CT 蛋白石-CT

open platform 开阔台地

open platform facies 开阔台地相Ophiomorpha蛇形迹

optical mineralogy 光性矿物学Ordovician Period 奥陶纪

ore 矿石

ore bed 矿层ore body 矿体

ore microscope 矿相显微镜

ore mineral 矿石矿物

ore-forming process 成矿作用

organic carbon 有机碳

organic framework structures 生物骨架结构organic matter 有机质

organic shoal facies 生物滩相

organism 生物

organized 规则型

orientation indicator 定向标志orientation measure 定向测量

oriented section 定向切片

original matrix 原杂基

orogenic belt 造山带

orogenic movement 造山运动orthochemical phosphorite 正化学磷块岩orthochemical rock 正化学灰岩orthochthonous phosphorite 原地磷块岩orthoclase 正长石

orthoconglomerate 正砾岩

orthomatrix 正杂基

orthometamorphic rock 正变质岩oscillation cross bedding 浪成交错层理oscillation ripple 振荡波痕

ostracod 介形虫类

outer bar 外砂坝

outer bar facies 外砂坝相

outer shelf 外陆棚

outflow lake 外流湖

overflow 溢流

overlap sequence 超覆层序

ox-bow lake 牛轭湖

oxidation 氧化作用

oxidation-reduction surface 氧化还原界面oxidative environment 氧化环境oxidative zone 氧化带

oxygen isotope 氧同位素