新视野大学英语4期中考试

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图例：Right Wrong

on the corner of King's Road. Leave your seats row by row, as

directed by our

Please do give any assistance necessary to elderly and

disabled people when you think they are in need of help. If you

have children with you,

anything, such as your umbrella, your coat, or even your

handbag, please do not try to go back for it.

—a bag

or a case—

cigarettes. We rely on your cooperation and hope that you'll be

able to return to your seats shortly to enjoy the last act of the

play.

broken during transportation.

A. so that

B. on condition that

C. for fear that

D. provided that

3.______ hostels (客栈) may not offer the most comfortable

quarters, they are convenient, inexpensive, and attractive to traveling students and young people.

A. When

B. While

C. Now that

D. If

4.Were the wire of a smaller diameter (直径), its resistance

________.

A. had been increased

B. was increased

C. might have been increased

D. would be increased

bus.

A. must have gone

B. might have gone

C. would have gone

D. could have gone

6.According to the American federal government, residents of

Hawaii have the longest life ________: 77.2 years.

A. rank

B. scale

C. span

D. scope

7.Our hopes ________ and fell in the same instant.

A. arose

B. raised

C. rose

D. aroused

8. A season ticket _______the holder to make as many journeys

as he wishes within the stated period of time.

A. entitles

B. grants

C. presents

D. promises

9.Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ________ it

means standing in a queue all night.

A. as if

B. even if

C. provided

D. whatever

10.________ in the United States, St. Louis has now become the

24th largest city.

A. Being the fourth biggest city

B. It was once the fourth biggest city

C. Once the fourth biggest city

D. The fourth biggest city it was

11.We hurried on, our heads ________ against the wind, to the

5.

parachute (跳伞) to the ground. Or maybe I'll climb steep

mountain 7.

to 8.9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

or become a captain on a naval aircraft carrier and 14.

corporations of terrible crimes. I could catch them as they are

16.

foreign countries. I could find out if they are planning a(n) 18.

On second thought, this all seems quite 19.

(每小题：1 分)

Directions: Read the following passage and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Questions 1 to 10 are based on the same passage or dialog.

Ending School Violence

Since the tragedy at Columbine High School last spring, schools have been rushing to add new security measures. Will these work? Or are other changes needed to protect students?

The bullet holes placed in the walls have been covered over. The halls have been repainted. Bloody carpet has been replaced. But for many students at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, no amount of redecoration can wipe away the bitter memory of the shooting that took 15 lives there on April 20, 1999.

School shootings from Mississippi to Oregon have left many students feeling afraid for their safety in school. Littleton was not the first such tragedy. But it was the most violent in recent years. According to Ronald Stephens, president of the National School Safety Council, "Littleton changed the landscape," on school safety issues.

Since April, politicians, school administrators, parents, and students have been searching for answers about how to prevent tragedies like Littleton from happening again.

How Violent Are Schools?

Although the stories from Littleton and other schools have been horrifying, crime in schools is actually declining. In 1993, there were 164 crimes for every 1,000 students ages 12 to 18. In 1996, the number had dropped to 128 per 1,000. Furthermore, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), less than one percent of all murders among schoolchildren ages 5-19 happen in or around school grounds or on the way to or from school. Still, many experts believe that is not good enough. The

CDCP study warns that "the occurrence of youth violence and

Stronger Security

What are schools doing to reduce violence? "We've been in numerous meetings with school counselors, police, and other principals to develop a plan to meet the needs of our schools," Bert Ammerman, a high school principal in New Jersey, said.

He's not alone. At Williams Bay High School in Wisconsin, the police held practice school-shooting drills over the summer.

In Coweta County, Georgia, students must carry books in

see-through bags so that they can't hide guns.

Other schools are adopting strict dress codes and requiring that backpacks be checked often. Some schools are setting up hot lines or are encouraging students to tell a teacher if a classmate threatens to hurt himself or herself or others. "Our kids are still our best eyes and ears," said Ammerman.

Sometimes, school security measures conflict with personal rights. Debra Jacobs of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) said the organization has been "flooded" by calls from parents and students who complain that schools have been violating student First Amendment rights to free expression. For instance, a high school student in Marble Hill, Missouri, was failed for a whole semester because he posted a Web site on his home computer that was critical of his high school. "Banning all expression will make it difficult to identify kids who really need help," Jacobs said. Helping Troubled Teens

Many experts say that adding more security measures is not enough. Ronald Stephens of the National School Safety Council said that one good way to stop crime is to help kids before trouble starts. "Teachers need to look for early warning signs and provide counseling and support for kids who are at risk."

One example is helping programs that pair a troubled teen with a caring grown-up. Such programs have been shown to reduce the risk that troubled students will become criminals. Programs that give young people a place to hang out after school have helped to

reduce crime, because most criminal acts by young people take

Many schools are putting programs in place to protect children from bigger, stronger kids. According to experts, children who are pushed around and intimidated by other children, and those who do the intimidating, are at higher risk for emotional problems. Columbine High School, which has had problems with this in the past, is adding a program to prevent intimidating behavior. Frank DeAngelis, the school's principal, said, "At Columbine High School, we will have zero tolerance for cruelty, discrimination, violence, and intimidation."

Society's Responsibility

Many experts believe that the shootings at Columbine and other schools are not just a school problem. They say that problems in American society also play a role. Some experts say there is too much violence in the media, including movies, music, and TV. The American Academy of Young People's Health has urged a limit to the amount of TV kids watch because it is too violent.

President and Mrs. Clinton recently made a series of public service announcements for television. In one ad, the President tells parents: "Our children need our help to deal with tough issues like violence. Please talk to your kids. Help them understand." President Clinton also announced $15 million in grants to schools and organizations that fight school-related crimes.

Not everyone agrees that media violence is a major cause of violence by kids. "Many young people view violent movies and video games, but most of them do not shoot up their schools as a result," Debra Jacobs of the ACLU said. Sociologist Bonnie Berry agrees. "I think the problem is guns," she said. "A lot of people are saying that young people today are more set apart than they were. I don't think so. But they do have access to lots of guns, and to dangerous guns."

The statistics paint a sad picture. Nearly 90 percent of murders of people ages 15 to 24 are caused by guns. In June, a bill was proposed in Congress to limit selling guns at gun shows. The measure failed to pass.

Bob Levy of the conservative Cato Institute said that he doesn't believe we need new gun laws. "We have all the laws we need, but

we don't enforce them," he said. Education Secretary Richard Riley

said, "This country has really created a culture of violence in which it is very easy to have access to guns. Americans really do need to stop and think about what is happening."

Inexcusable Behavior

Many experts say that no matter what provoked the Littleton shooters, the killing of young people is inexcusable. Bert Ammerman said, "You don't shoot people because your parents are divorced, or you're intimidated, or your girlfriend broke up with you. It's unacceptable!"

Students Take Action

Students are taking action to stop school violence.

Ms. Heather Beck's sociology classes in Lakewood, Colorado, have started a campaign to collect "I will" pledges from students around the country. Students who sign the pledge promise, among other things, to "be part of the solution" and to "do my part to make my community a safe place by being more sensitive to others."

After the Columbine killings, kids in Colorado started an organization called Sane Alternatives to the Gun Epidemic in Colorado, which lobbies for stronger gun-control laws. They are trying to expand their organization across the US As Ben Gelt, 18, one of organization's founders, told the Denver Post, "I believe that if students can organize, they can bring about change."

1.In the first paragraph, the author is asking

________________.

A. whether students will work with new security

B. whether tragedies will happen at a high school

C. whether new security measures will be effective

D. whether schools will change so they can protect students

2.The Littleton tragedy was ________________.

A. the first such tragedy

B. the most violent

C. the most recent

D. the one with the most issues

3.What is Principal Bert Ammerman doing to reduce violence?

________________

A. He is having dress codes set up.

B. He is having school-shooting drills.

C. He is having students carry new bags.

D. He is having meetings to make plans.

4.Parents are complaining to the ACLU, because

________________.

A. classmates are hurting themselves

B. students are failing to be safe

C. the ACLU is posting a web site

D. schools are violating student rights

5.What need teachers do to help kids before trouble starts?

________________

A. They need to add more security measures.

B. They need to look for early warning signs.

C. They need to find good ways to stop crime.

D. They need to consult the National School Safety Council.

according to many experts.

A. Problems

B. Violence

C. Young people

D. Intimidation

7.According to sociologist Bonnie Berry, school violence is

caused by ________________.

A. media violence

B. shooting up the schools

C. access to dangerous guns

D. youths being set apart

8.According to Bob Levy, society does not need

9.No matter what the cause is, it is inexcusable and

10.Sane Alternatives to the Gun Epidemic is a student group that