英语常用短语的用法与练习(16)

英语常用短语的用法与练习（16）

76. help(...) out 帮助（某人）摆脱困难或危难；

例句：

①Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?

②Please help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。

③She can’t help laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来。

④I can’t help but wait. 我只能等。

⑤I will help out on my farther's farm this summer. 今年夏天我要到父亲的农场去帮忙。

help短语：

help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事；with the help of 在……的帮助下；借助；help oneself to 请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)；Can’t help doing sth. 禁不住，忍不住；can’t help but do sth. 只能；不得不；

用法：

help out帮助，帮助…解决困难，帮助…对付：例句: He helped me out with my task. 他帮我完成了任务。 help somebody out：帮助某人摆脱困难;

配套练习：

(1). 翻译句子

①在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱玩电子游戏的习惯。

②地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。

(2). 单项填空

①John, who is considered ____ a warm-hearted man, is considering ____ his neighbor out of trouble.

A.to be; to help

B. to be; helping

C. being; to help

D. being; helping

②Li Ming not only does well in his studies but also often _____ housework.

A. helps

B. helps

C. helps in

D. helps doing

③Can you _____ me out with this maths problem. I am not very good at maths.

A. help

B. bring

C. make

D. get

④We must ___ ourselves as soon as possible ___ the challenges that the new workbrings us.

A. devote; to

B. help; to

C. adjust; to

D. prepare; for

77. hold on=hang up别挂电话；坚持；继续；

例句：

①Please hold on.请稍候或Hold on,please.请不要挂断电话。

②Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. 停一停, 让我喘口气.

③He held on to the rock to stop himself slipping. 他紧紧抓住岩石以免往下滑.

④You should hold on to your shares. 你应该继续保留（持有）股份.

⑤I don't think I can hold on much longer. 我觉得自己坚持不了多长时间了.

hold短语：

hold out维持；坚持；抵抗；幸存；hold to坚持（原则，方向等）；紧握；hold on to紧紧抓住；hold up延误；耽搁；阻挡;承受；hold back 阻挡，退缩；犹豫不定；hold off 抵住；挡住；拖延；hold on 等一等；坚持；hold together 团结一致；hold down压制，限制；hold on to 可接名词,+ do sth ,表示继续做某事.

配套练习：

(1). 完成句子

①他犹豫了，记起了自己以前犯下的错。

He ________ , remembering the mistake he had made before.

②他挡住了沃斯不久前的一次挑战，赢了他13秒。

He _______ a late challenge by Vose to win by thirteen seconds.

③等一会儿，我马上回来!

________ a minute, I’ll be right back!

④该行业正设法留住有经验的工作人员。

The industry is trying to _______ experienced staff.

⑤英国军队抵挡住了不断的攻击。

British troops _______ against constant attacks.

(2). 单项填空

①People have planted a great many trees in order to ____wind and sand in the desert.

A. hold down

B. hold up

C. hold back

D. hold out

②___ a moment, please. I’ll find a pencil.

A. Come on

B. get on

C. Hold on

D. Take on

③I think your bookshelf is too high. I can’t reach a book on top even when I _____ my hand.

A. hold back

B. hold on

C. hold out

D. hold up

④I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to

A. get away

B. drop in

C. check out

D. hold on

78. to be honest(with you) 老实（对你）说；

例句：

①To be honest, I am not satisfied with what you did.说实话，我对你做的事不满意。

②To be honest, I know nothing about him except that he is from America.老实说，我只知道他是一位美国人。

③To tell you the truth，I don’t think you are right.实话告诉你，我认为你不对。

④To be exact，every minute more than 130 million gallons of water plunge to the bottom of the gorge over 320 feet down.准确地说，每分钟就有超过1.3亿加仑的水流倾泻到320多英尺之下的峡谷深处。

⑤To be honest, I don’t like him very much. 老实说，我并不是很喜欢他。

⑥We don’t have a chance of winning the match, to be honest. 说实话，我们没有赢得这场比赛的可能。

to短语：

to be frank=frankly speaking坦率地说；to be exact=exactly speaking 确切地说；to tell you the truth 实话告诉你；to make things worse 更糟的是；honestly speaking老实说；实话实说；

用法：

这种不定式短语是坦白陈述时所用的套语，表明说话人的观点或态度，在句子中作插入语，没有任何形式上的变化，即:不受句子其他成分(特别是主语)的影响。

配套练习：

(1). 单句改错：

①To be honesty, it is the worst film I have ever seen.

②Honest speaking, you are the most hardworking person I have ever seen.

(2). 单项填空

①You are late again. To be _____ is one of the essential qualities we Moderners should possess.

A. polite

B. punctual

C. fair

D. honest

②I wouldn’t buy that house; _____ , it’s too close to the main road.

A. being honest

B. honest

C. to be honest

D. having been honest

③It is ___ the boy to play with a dog.

A. naughty of

B. naughty for

C. wrong for

D. honest for

④Your father was very ___ to give you so much money.

A. calm

B. generous

C. violent

D. honest

79. fall ill 生病；

例句：

①Hearing the bad news, he fell ill. 听到坏消息后，他病了。

②She has to stay home because her son fall ill.因为儿子生病所以她得待在家里。

③He had the misfortune to fall ill on the day of the examination. 他很倒霉，在考试当天生病了。

④Mary has pined away since she fell ill. 玛丽自生病后变得很憔悴。

fall短语：

fall behind落后；fall sick生病；fall asleep入睡；fall down掉下；倒塌；fall in love with ...爱上……；fall off脱落；减少；从……上掉下；fall into the habit of ...养成……的习惯；fall over跌倒；翻倒；落到……上；fall silent沉默；fall into 落入、陷入; fall to pieces 崩溃、解体;

fall ill 动作，瞬间; be ill 状态，持续;

配套练习：

(1). 完成句子

①不久后他就病倒了，而且一病不起。

He _______ soon after and did not recover.

②形势严峻，不进则退。

Given the pressing situation, we must move forward, or we will ________ .

③这家报纸的发行量开始锐减。

The circulation of the newspaper began to ________ sharply.

(2). 单项填空

①Alone in London, without friends, work, or money, Shelly ____ great difficulty.

A. put into

B. fell into

C. turned into

D. broke into

②I acted ___ dean while Mr Smith was ill.

A. at

B. by

C. of

D. for

③He is a nice dog. He won’t do you any_____.

A. ill

B. bite

C. hurt

D. harm

④The reason for my absence was ___ I was ill.

A. because

B. that

C. why

D. since

80. instead of 代替，而不是；

例句：

①The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.中国人不用刀

叉,用筷子。

②Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。

③She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。

辨析:instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of

instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“而是，相反”。

instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为“代替、而不……”。

in place of 为介词短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表示“以甲代乙”，而instead of则是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，还有对乙否定的意思，有时意为“不”。

take the place of (replace)作谓语，用在名词、代词前。

配套练习：

单项填空

①—I think we should buy a new curtain_____ this one.

—Yes. It looks a bit ugly _____.

A. to replace; as it is

B. to in place of; now

C. to take the place of; as it was

D. instead of; than that one

②We will go there on foot _____ by bus. What about you?

A. instead

B. instead of

C. without

D. but

③He got to the station early, ____ missing his train.

A. in case of

B. instead of

C. for fear of

D. in search

④Donkeys and camels are still widely used in some parts of the world _____ of burden.

A. for animals

B. as animals

C. as beasts

D. instead of beats

Keys:

76. (1). ①With the help of the teacher and his classmates, Xiaoming managed to help himself out of his problem with computer games.

②In the earthquake, many parents couldn’t help but leave their children in the ruins. (2). BBAB

77. (1). ①held back ②held off ③Hold on④hold on to ⑤held out (2). CCCA

78. (1). ①honesty→honest ②Honest→Honestly (2). DCAB

79. (1). ①fell ill ②fall behind ③fall off (2). BDDA

80. ABCC