初中英语解题思路—科普环保类(阅读理解)
科普环保类专项练习
学校:______________________
一、阅读理解
When you watch TV programs about wild animals, it is surprising to see how an antelope (羚羊) can run away from a strong lion. In the wilderness, everyone has his own way to protect himself. Even plants have their own ways to fight off enemies.
Over millions of years, plants have developed their own defense system (防卫系统). Chemicals are fantastically used by plants to survive (幸存). By making their leaves, flowers, roots and fruits poisonous (有毒的) to enemies, plants can fight back.
One such plant is the Golden Wattle tree. The British scientist David Cameron has found when an animal eats the tree’s leaves, the amount (数量) of poison increases in the other leaves. “It’s like the injured leaves telephoning the others to fight together against the enemy,” he said.
The tree also sends defense messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. Golden Wattle trees in the nearby 45 meters will get the message and produce more poison within 10 minutes. Now, if an enemy eats too many of the trees’ leaves, he will die.
Every kind of plant or tree is good at producing a special set of chemicals. Herbivores, like rabbits, can safely eat the leaves of one tree, but they may be poisoned by its neighbor.
In this way, plants have not only developed their own defense system, but also shared it with others. This makes it impossible for a single animal to destroy even a small area of forest. 1．From the first 2 paragraphs, we can learn that _________.
A. plants can do nothing against their enemies
B. chemicals are quite useful for plants to survive
C. an antelope can always run away from a strong lion
D. leaves, roots, flowers and fruits of plants are poisonous
2．If anima ls eat one Golden Wattle tree’s leaves, the tree can________.
A. kill the animals with a special smell
B. tell other trees to come to protect it
C. warn other trees against the animals on the phone
D. send defense messages to the neighboring plants
3．The u nderlined word “herbivores” in the 5th paragraph probably means animals which _____. A．produce poison B．live on small animals
C．like to eat rabbits D．feed on plants or grass
4．The last paragraph of the passage suggests that this kind of defense system is ________. A．bad for animals B．good for forests
C．helpful to some animals D．harmful to forests
5．The passage is mainly about __________.
A．the examples of protecting forests
B．the balance between animals and plants
C．the ways of plants fighting against enemies
D．the relationship between lions and antelopes
Qi Haoran, a Junior 1 student, was quite busy over the past winter vacation – and not just with homework.Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (“光盘行动”).
The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food.“Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven’t got enough to eat? Please don’t waste food.” They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.
The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January.It calls on people to reduce food waste.
China in these years had serious problems with wasted https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f14570232.html,TV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous（大方的）.Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food.
Luckily, the campaign has got the support of many.In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner give the guests who have eaten all that they ordered a sticker (贴花).People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers.More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers (剩饭剩菜) home.
To reduce food waste is a big task, and i t needs time.It’s important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi.Did you finish your meals today?
根据短文容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最恰当的答案。
6．What did the 11 students do in the winter vacation?
A.The helped each other with homework.
B.They opened a restaurant together.
C.They volunteered for a campaign.
D.They collected money from customers in restaurants.
7．In this passage the underlined word “call on ” means ______.
A.打
B.号召
C.拜访
D.叫喊
8．The Clean Your Plate Campaign calls on people to _____.
A.do volunteer work
B.work part time in restaurants
C.cut down on food waste
D.wash your plates after dinner
9．From Paragraphs 4-5, we learn that _____.
A.wasting food is a serious problem in China
B.Chinese people waste the most food in the world
C.Chinese people want to show off that they are rich
D.most Chinese people are afraid of losing face at the table
10．What did the restaurant in Beijing do to support the campaign?
A.The owner would have dinner with those who had eaten up their food.
B.It offered a free meal to the guests who had finished all their food ten times.
C.It gave stickers to the guests who ordered small dishes.
D.It encouraged customers to take leftovers home.
In nature, you may see many insects (昆虫）and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why?
Locusts are super delicious food for birds,but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them.It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops(庄稼). When crops are young,locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.
Brown bears,tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil(土壤）in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive,they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.
Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over , its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.
11．It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because____________.
A .locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very high
C. locusts are smarter than birds
D. locusts can change their color 12．According to the passage, most soil insects_________
A.do not have bright colors
B. change their colors with the soil
C. do not live in a dark and wet environment
D. Eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees
13．What’s the meaning of the underlined word”survive” in the passage?
A. 繁殖
B. 产卵
C. 觅食
D. 生存
14．The ink fish_______so that its enemies will not see it?
A. changes its color
B. makes the water around it black
C. appears only at night
D. hides itself in the sea rocks
15．What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Some insects and animals have different skills.
B. Some insects and animals are clever than we think.
C. Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.
D. Some insects and animals can get used to the environment easily.
Many children think mobile phones are cool. They come in fun colors and let you talk with friends anytime and anywhere.
In the U.S., more than 90 million people use mobile phones. Many of these people are children. For children, mobile phones are more than phone calls. They are fashionable.
Most mobile phone users don’t think about the health problems caused(引起) by mobile phones. Some scientists say that mobile phones give off radiation(辐射) that might be bad for the users.
One newest study shows that mobile phone radiation might raise(增加) a person’s chance of getting some kinds of cancer(癌症). Other scientists say mobile phones don’t’ threaten people’s health. They say that they have not found any link(联系) between phone use and cancer. Scientists say that people can protect (保护) themselves from mobile phone radiation. One way is to use a headset(耳机). Or people can make shorter call.
16．Many children like mobile phones because they think mobile phones are _________.
A. cool
B. small
C. cheap
D. their toys 17．Many of the mobile phone users in the U.S. are ___________.
A. girls
B. boys
C. scientists
D. children 18．Some scientists think mobile phones aren’t _________ for users health. They causes some kinds of cancer
A. bad
B. good
C. wrong
D. helpful
19．The underlined word “threaten” in the passage means ____________.
A. 威胁.
B. 担心
C. 治疗
D. 证实
20．What should people do to protect themselves from mobile phone radiation?
A. Make longer calls
B. Use a headset
C. Make shorter calls
D. Both B and C
This March, the H7N9 virus (病毒) hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected(被感染) with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough.
Don’t be afraid—it’s not easy to be infected with the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes.
Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses.
Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes(打喷嚏) or coughs, flu viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air, so you’d better stand a proper distance (距离) while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands.
Wear a mask(口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if
you don’t wash your hands often, it’s no use wearing a mask. And it’s necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people.
Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus. 21．When did the H7N9 virus hit Shanghai?
A．In March, 2013. B．In May, 2013. C．In March, 2012.
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache.
B．You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough. C．Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%.
23．How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.
24．What does the underlined word “resist ” mean in Chinese?
A．抵抗 B．传播 C．感染
25．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．It tells us how to wash hands.
B．It tells us why we should use masks.
C．It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes.
Carrots(胡萝卜) are grown on farms and in small family gardens all over the world. They are easy to plant and easy to harvest(收获). They have a good taste.
When people think about carrots, they usually think they are a kind of long, thin, orange-colored vegetable. In fact, carrots are in many different sizes and shapes. And not all carrots are orange. Carrots should be grown in a field that does not have water for a long time. The earth also should not be too hard. To prepare your carrot garden, dig up the earth and turn it over(翻土). Weather, soil condition(土壤状况), and time affect(影响) the taste of carrots. Warm days and cool nights are the best time to grow great delicious carrots.
The best way to decide if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its color. Usually, the brighter the color is, the better the taste is.
Most people do not know that carrots can be grown during the winter months. If the winter is not cold enough to freeze the ground, you can grow carrots the same way as you do during the summer months.
Carrots are prepared and eaten in many different ways. They are cut into thin pieces and cooked with other vegetables or meat. Or, they are washed, and eaten just as they come out of the ground. 26．Carrots are easy to plant but hard to harvest.
27．Carrots should be grown in a field without water for a long time.
28．The best way to decide if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its size.
29．Everyone knows that carrots can be grown during the winter months.
30．We can prepare and eat carrots in many different ways.
Hi Brad,
It’s good to hear from you again. I find that I’m not good at writing compositions. It’s hard for me to prepare the form of a composition and organize sentences. ①Could you tell me how to deal with this problem? I would really appreciate if you offer me some good methods.
Best wishes,
Cindy
Hi Cindy,
A composition is really a story and any story is told to an audience. There is a form for this and it is in three parts. First, tell them(the audience) what you are going to tell them. Then tell them, and finally tell them what you told them. Parts one and three are short and most of the information is in part two. It works like this.
Let’s say you are asked to write a 200-word composition about your visit to the Great Wall. You
would begin with an opening sentence or two saying something like “The Great Wall of China is a national ②landmark that is famous around the world. I visited it last summer and I want to tell you about it.” That uses about 25 words to tell them what you are going to tell them.
The second part would be about 150 words and would contain information about the Great Wall such as how long it is, when it was built, who built it and why, the fact that it is one of the seven wonders of the world and you would talk about how you felt and what you thought when you visited this national treasure. This is telling them.
Finally, you would use about another 25 words to say something like “That was my first visit to the Great Wall and it was a very emotional experience to actually touch something so old and famous. ③每个中国人至少参观长城一次.I plan to go back whenever I can.”Here, you are telling them what you told them in the story and wrapping it all up into a neat package. This formula(惯例)works for both compositions and speeches and I think you will find it helps to organize your thoughts. I hope it’s helpful.
Best wishes,
Brad Franklin 31．将文中①处的画线部分翻译成汉语：.
32．(A) 试写出文中②处画线部分landmark的汉语意思：.
(B)下面有四个在文中出现的单词，请找出画线部分发音哪个与众不同? .
A. work
B. word
C. information
D. world
33．将文中③处的汉语翻译成英语：.
34．从文中找出适当的词组填空：How I wish to get a letter from you soon!
How I wish to _________ _________ you soon!
35．用英语回答问题：What’s the main idea of the passage? .
When you look up into the sky at night, have you ever felt that your eyes are playing tricks on (捉弄) you? It seems that the stars are moving all the time.
Actually, there is nothing wrong with your eyes. This twinkling effect is called scintillation (交光). Scintillation happens because of air movements in the earth’s atmosphere (大气). Light is “bent (弯曲的)” when it travels through different parts of the earth’s atmosphere. As the air in the earth’s atmosphere is moving all the time, the light from the stars looks as if it is moving too.
The same thing also happens to things on the ground. On a very hot and shiny day, if you look at the road, the image in the distance is not clear and things move slightly. You can also see the same effect if you drop a rock into water. The rock appears a little unclear under the moving water.
This twinkling effect causes a lot of problems for astronomers (天文学家) since they cannot observe the stars clearly. A telescope (望远镜) was sent into space so that the air movements in the atmosphere could be avoided (避免). It took a long time to build the space telescope but finally in 1990, a huge space telescope called the Hubble Space Telescope was successfully sent into space. Since then, astronomers have many important observations that have helped people understand space better.
根据短文容，选择最佳选项。（10分）
36．What happens to the light from the stars we see when the air in the earth’s atmosphere is
(完整版)初中典型英语阅读理解题目及答案
（一）初中英语阅读理解 Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things home for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them. Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk. We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?" "It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry." "Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back." "We can't ".said my sister. "Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!" 1.The writer and Mary didn't know______. A.what Zip's first present was B.how Zip carried its first present home C.who owned Zip's first present D.what Zip's first present was made of 2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______. A.the dog likes keeping things B.the dog likes playing with shoes C.he doesn't know the dog's name D.he can't pronounce the word "sheep"well 3.What made the shoe strange was ______. A.its colour B.its smell C.its size D.that it was a silk one 4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____" A.keeping things for itself B.bringing things for other to keep C.not letting it run about D.taking care of a small child 5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____. A. likes to give presents to people B.has been kept in at the writer's home C.has brought some trouble D.likes to be called "the keep dog" Key: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C
初中英语阅读理解-7选5专项练习(有答案)
初中英语阅读理解--7选5专项练习 （1） While lead （铅） poisoning is serious, parents can take steps to reduce the risk for theirChildren 1 Take Notes : start by checking to see if you own any items recalled by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Get rid of any toys with chipped paint, or other broken and damaged parts. Not sure it contains lead 2 Clean Up : to avoid leaf exposure from sources in the home, keep floors and other play areas clean and free of dust and pieces. 3 Store toys off the floor in a clean place. And if you live in house with lead pipes, running cold water for a few minutes and using a water filter (过滤器) can reduce lead levels. Buy Smart : avoid no-name produce and be careful when you buy items at dollar stores, street fairs, thrift stores or yard sales. 4 Even if they don’t contain lead, they could become a choking hazard(危险). Also make sure the arts and crafts supplies you buy are non-toxic and designed for children’s use. Get Tested : children with lead poisoning may not have easily recognizable symptoms. 5 This might mean that there will be a lot of tests that turn out normal, but it’s better than sitting around and worrying. Testing is especially important if you and your children live in a home with peeling paint or if your home was painted before 1978, when the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the sale of lead-based paints.
初中英语阅读理解及答案-简单的教学教材
初中英语阅读理解及答案-简单的
阅读理解1 Babies love chocolate and sometimes they also eat the paper around it. My cat enjoys a meal of good, thick paper, old letters, for example. She does not like newspapers very much Of course, the best paper comes from wood. Wood comes from trees, and trees are plants. Vegetables and fruit are plants, too, and we eat a lot of them. So can we also eat wood and paper? Scientists say, "All food comes in some way from plants." Well, is that true? Animals eat grass and grow fat. Then we eat their meat. Little fish eat little sea-plants, then bigger fish swim along and eat the ……Chickens eat bits of grass and give us…… Think for a minute. What food does not come from plants in some way? Scientists can do wonderful things with plants. They can make food just like meat and cheese. And they can make it without the help of animals. It is very good food, too. Now they have begun to say, "We make our paper from wood. We can also make food from wood. The next thing is not very difficult." What is the next thing? Perhaps it is—food from paper. Scientists say, "We can turn paper into food. It will be good, cheap food, too, cheaper than meat or fish or eggs." So please keep your old books and letters. (Don't feed [喂] your cat.) One day, they will be on your plate, if what scientists say may come true. 1. The writer asks us to keep our old books and letters because _____. A. they are useful for reading B. They may be used to feed cats C. We can make food from them soon D. we can read them at breakfast 2. From the passage (段落)， we can infer(推断) that _____ do not come from plants in some way. A. few kinds of food B. meat and fish C. cheese and chicken D. wood and paper 阅读理解2 Mr. Lee was in bed and was trying to go to sleep when he heard the bell ring. He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o'clock. "Who can it be at this time of night?" He thought. He decided to go and find out. So he got of bed, put on his dressing gown (浴袍) and went to the door. When he opened the door, there was nobody there. "That is very strange." Then he went back to his bedroom, took off his dressing gown, got back into bed ,turned off the light and tried to go to sleep. A few minutes later he heard the bell again. Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. He closed the door and tried not to feel angry. Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. He picked it up. There were some words on it : "It is now after midnight(午夜), so it is April Fool's Day (禺人节) . April fool to you!" "Oh , it was the English boy next door!" Mr. Lee exclaimed (惊叫) and almost smiled. He went back to bed and feel asleep at once. The bell did not ring again. 1. When did Mr. Lee go to bed? He went to bed _______. A. before twelve o'clock B. after twelve o'clock C. when the bell rang D. when he saw the boy 2. Why did he rush to the door when he heard the bell ring the second time? A. He wanted to open the door for the visitor B. He wanted to find out who the visitor was. C. He was afraid of the ring D. He was waiting for someone. 3. From this passage, we learn that we can _______ on April Fool's Day. A. say "Hello" to each other B. dance and sing at night C. play jokes on each other D. send pressents to children 4. What did Mr. Lee think about the English boy? He thought he _________. A. was a good boy B. was friendly with him C. shouldn't ring the bell at midnight D. did a dangerous thing just now 阅读理解3 In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited . About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way . Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
初中英语阅读理解精选20篇(含答案)
（21） A Clever Bird A man has a bird. It is very clever. Every day the man speaks to the bird.“Hello!”he says. “Hello!”the bird answers.“What are you doing?”says the man.“What are you doing?”says the bird. The man is not at home one day. A thief comes in. He is taking many things.“Hello!”The thief hears the bird's words.“What are you doing?”The thief is very afraid，so he does not take any things and runs out of the house. 1. The man teaches the bird ________. A. how to say something B. how to sing songs C. how to eat something D. how to dance 2. The bird is ________. A. very nice B. very clever C. very beautiful D. very silly(傻的) 3. The man speaks to the bird ________. A. sometimes B. once a week C. every week D. every day 4. The thief is taking ________ things from the house. A. a few B. a little C. a lot of D. some 5. The thief ________ out of the room. A. walks B. comes C. runs D. goes 参考答案 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C (22 ) What Are Stars Like? Have you ever wondered about the stars? In some ways，stars are like people. They are born. They grow old. And they die. A star is born from dust and gas. Slowly the dust and gas make a ball. The ball gets very hot. Then it starts to give off light. The young star grows into a giant. Many years go by. The older star begins to get small again. At last its light goes out. The star's life is over. 1. Dust and _________ make a star. A. gas B. snow C. rain 2. This story tells about _________. A. old people B. the life of a star C. the number of stars in the sky 3. In the first part of the story，what does the word “wondered”mean? A. moved B. looked at C. asked yourself 4. Stars give off light because they are very _________.
初中英语阅读理解练习题1
Passage 1 When Christopher Columbus landed on the then unnamed Costa Rica in 1502, he saw many Indians wearing gold earrings. So he thought the land must be rich in gold. He named the place Costa Rica, which means “rich coast” in Spanish. Though little gold was found, Costa Rica today is indeed rich with coffee and bananas. Coffee is the most important product in Costa Rica and most of it is exported (出口) to other countries like America and West Germany. Bananas are the country’s second most important export. Costa Ricans also grow many other crops such as fruits, corn and beans for their own use. Costa Ricans love colors and their houses are painted in bright colors. Education is very important to the Costa Ricans. Almost every village has a school and education is a must for children between seven and fourteen years of age. Boys and girls go to separate (单独的) schools. Classes begin in March and end in November. The other three months of the year are harvest time and the children have to help their parents to pick coffee beans. 1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A. How Columbus found Costa Rica. B. How Costa Rica got its name. C. What the Costa Ricans wore. D. What language the Costa Ricans spoke. 2. The Costa Ricans may NOT paint their houses ______. A. pink and red B. grey and black C. blue and green D. yellow and orange 3. In Costa Rica, boys and girls between seven and fourteen ______. A. must go to school B. study in the same school C. do not have to go to school at all D. can choose to stop schooling at any time 4. From December to February, school children in Costa Rica ______. A. have lessons every day B. have their examinations C. help their parents pick coffee beans D. help their parents decorate their houses 5. This passage is mainly about ______. A. Christopher Columbus B. Costa Rica C. some products from Costa Rica D. the education of Costa Rica 答案1-5 BBACB Passage 2 Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri?鄄beri. He was going there to try and find a cure. At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate —refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery —that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food. Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills. 6. The underlined word “cure” in Paragragh 1 probably means ______. A. a medical treatment B. a kind of vitamin C. a kind of germ D. a kind of rice 7. Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______. A. spend his holiday B. find ways to grow better crops C. do some research about the island D. h8lp the Javanese with their illness 8. Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens?
初中英语阅读理解教学案例(1)
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