2018年博士生入学考试英语参考答案

1.These figures boil down to no significance as they are statistically imperfect.

A amount to

B conform to

C contribute to

D attach to

2.The researchers are working hard to find the optimal concentration of this drug.

A most poisonous

B most likely

C most famous

D most desirable

3.This young lawyer dares to take on the powerful on behalf of the poor and weak.

A with the favor of

B find good jobs for

C assume the responsibility for

D accept the challenge of

4.The last traces of respectability had vanished by the time he was convicted and imprisoned.

A collapsed

B disappeared

C perished

D scattered

5.Fearful of losing her job for good, this lady decided to talk to the manager directly.

A for benefits

B by luck

C for ever

D at hand.

6.An important innovation in this college was the introduction of the seminary method for advanced students.

A idea

B change

C matter

D policy

7.This archaeologist made a study of the vast area through which the Roman civilization has been propagated.

A extended

B terminated

C speculated

D restricted

8.The investor would suffer a lot from a television series that was heavily invested in but never came off.

A was released

B proved satisfactory

C failed completely

D won awards

9.Given the gravity of the situation, the best thing we can do is to declare the company bankrupt.

A gravitation

B fascination

C seriousness

D incurability

10.When the symptom occurs, she finds it difficult to manipulate a pencil despite her young age.

A utilize

B handle

C master

D dominate

Section B :

Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B , C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

11.The country once threatened to ___ diplomatic relations with its neighbor if the latter was too friendly to the rebels.

A show off

B keep off

C break off

D call off

12.In English leaning, a ___ circle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.

A vicious

B vigorous

C vertical

D voluntary

13.Some ancient people were able to tell the time by the shadow ___by the sun on the slate.

A thrown

B flung

C cast

D tossed(upward)

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1f3860507.html,petition compels districts to devote their limited resources to achieving results that compare ___ with other local

districts.

A significantly

B favorably

C dramatically

D superficially

15.If you don’t know how to ___ your achievements, your parting from this world is going to be a nightmar e.

A take hold of

B get rid of

C let go of

D make fun of

16.This country could have as many as 10 million cases of AIDS in 2010 if the ____ is not taken seriously.

A episode

B epidemic

C equivalent

D eruption

17.With a wide variety of fresh fruit ___available, canner fruit is no longer so popular as before.

A willingly

B appropriately

C confidently

D readily =easily

18.The crisis over parliamentary election illustrated the unpredictable ____that events could take once the coalition troops

are withdrawn.

A process

B line

C way

D course

19.Decades of ___ might have been partially responsible for our ignorance of development abroad.

A insulation

B irrigation

C integration

D isolation

20.There have been some insensible people who attempt to end their pains ____ through suicide.

A by and large

B once for all =forever

C heart and soul

D on the whole

Part II. Cloze

Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrases marked A, B, C and D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

There is now a new keychain device that lets people turn off most TVs anywhere---- from airports to restaurants. And it is selling faster than 21 . “I thought there would just be a few sales, but we can’t 22 demand,” said inventor Mitch

Altman of San Fran cisco, U.S. “I didn’t know there were so many people who wanted to turn TVs off.”

Hundreds of orders for Altman’s US $14.99 TV-B-Gone device poured in last week. The tiny remote control device had been 23 in Wired magazine and other online-media outlets. 24 , the unexpected attention overloaded the website of his company. Cornfield Electronics, and caused it to 25 .

The keychain device works like a 26 remote control ----but it only turns TVs on or off. With a push of the button, it goes through a 27 of about 200 infrared codes that control the power of about 1,000 television models. Altman said the majority of TVs should 28 within 17 seconds. It takes a little more than a minute for the device to 29 all the trigger codes.

The 47-year-old Altman got the idea for TV-B-Gone a decade ago. He was out with friends at a restaurant and they found themselves all 30 by the TV, but no one was around to turn it off.

21. A expects B expectation C expected D expecting

22. A give in to B hold on to C make up for D keep up with

23. A acknowledged B announced C admitted D applied

24. A At times B On time C Behind time D At the same time

25. A clash B crush =smash C cruise D crash

26. A commonplace B universal C mean D medium

27. A string B flock C school D fleet

28. A repel B repeat C react D reproach =blame

29. A submit B permit C omit D emit

30. A bothered B haunted C interrupted D hindered

Part III. Reading Comprehensive

Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

Passage One

Animals are more like us than we ever imagined. They feel pain, they experience stress, and they show affection, excitement and love. All these finding have been made by scientists in recent years----and such results are beginning to change how we view animals.

Strangely enough, this research was sponsor ed by fast food companies like McDonald’s and KFC. Pressured by animal rights groups, these companies felt they had to fund scientists researching the emotional and mental states of animals. McDonald’s, for instance, funded studies on pig behaviors at P urdue University, Indiana. This research found that pigs seek affection and easily become depressed if left alone or prevented from playing with each other. If they become depressed, they soon become physically ill. Because of this, and other similar studies, the European Union has banned the use of isolating pig stalls from 2012. In Germany, the government is encouraging pig farmers to give each pig 20 seconds of human contact a day, and to provide them with toys to prevent them from fighting.

Other scientists have shown that animals think and behave like humans.

Koko, the 300-pound gorilla (大猩猩)at the Gorilla Foundation in Northern California, for instance, has been taught sign language. Koko can now understand several thousand English words, more than many humans who speak English as a second language. On human IQ tests, she scores between 70 and 95.

Before such experiments, humans thought language skills were absent from the animal kingdom. Other myths are also being overturned, like the belief that animals lack self-awareness. Studies have also shown that animals mourn their dead, and that they play for pleasure.

These striking similarities between animal and human behavior have led some to ask a question: “If you believe in evolution, how can’t you believe that animals have feelings that human beings have?”

Until recently, scientists believed that animals behaved by instinct and that what appeared to be learned behavior was merely genetically-programmed activity. But as Koko the Gorilla shows, this is not the case. In fact, learning is passed from parents to offspring far more often than not in the animal kingdom.

So what implications does this knowledge have for humans? Because of this , should we ban hunting and animal testing? Should we close zoos? Such questions are being raised by many academics and politicians. Harvard and 25 other American law schools have introduced courses on animal rights.

31. The author feels it strange that the research was sponsored by fast food companies like McDonald’s and KFC probably because these companies_____.