新概念英语句型总结(部分)
句型总结
(一)表示‘某物’是‘某人的’的句型。
某物+be动词+某人的+物名(=某物+物名+be +某人的)
注意;这里的‘某物’一般是指示代词(this,that,these,those)、名称代词(It,they)以及here等。‘某人的’可以是形物代(my, your, his, her, their, our,)、某人加-s 。物名的位置可以在be的前面,也可以放在句末。当上下文都比较清楚时,以免重复后面的物名可以省去,这时形物代要变成所有格代词。
1.某物-指示代词+be动词(am,is,are)+某人的-物主代词(my, your, his, her, their, our,its)+物名
This is my book. 这是我的书
That is her umbrella.
Those are his tickets.
注;形物代(my, your, his, her, their, our,)后面必须接物名。
2.某物-指示代词+be动词+某人的-某人+ -s+物名
Those are Mr. Blake`s tickets. 这些不是布莱克先生的票。
These are Jim`s books. 这些是吉姆的书
3.某物-here+ be动词+ 某人的+物名
Here is my ticket.
Here’s your umbrella and your coat.
Here’s Tim’s shirt.
4.某物-名称代词+be + 某人的
注:当语境非常清楚的时候,某物可以是人称代词,并且具体的物名可以省去It’s his.
They are Tim’s
This is mine.
It’s my s hirt.
(二)表示某人的国籍的句型。
某人+be动词+国籍
1.某人-人称代词(I ,you ,she ,he ,they, our, we)+be动词(is,
am ,are )+国籍
She`s German. 她是德国人
You are Swedish.
I’m French.
They are Danish.
2.某人-人名+be动词+国籍
Tim is English.
Naoko is Japanese.
3.某人-其它形式+be动词+国籍
Miss Sophie is French.
The children are Chinese.
Tim and Jim are German.
Mr. Blake and his wife are American.
(三)表示‘某人’是什么的工作的句型。某人+be +职业
1.单数-某人+be动词+不定冠词(a/an)+职业
You are a teacher? 你是一个老师吗?
I am a new student.
She is an engineer.
The man is a taxi driver.
2.复数-某人+be +职业-复数形式
They are tourists.
They are postmen.
They are housewives.
(四)形容某人是怎么样的句型
sb. +be +adj.
1.Sb.-代词+be + adj. I’m fine.
I’m very well.
She’s fat.
He’s tall.
They are hot.
They are very old。
2.Sb.-人名+ be + adj. Sophie is tall.
Tim is lovely.
(五)形容某物是什么样子的
1.Sth+ be+ adj
Our cases are brown. It’s a very smart. The cars are red. They are yellow.
Mrs. Smith’s kitchen is small.
The cases are brown.
2.Sth.-指代+ be+ adj.+ sth.
these are red shirt.
This is a nice dress.
They are yellow shirts.
注:在语境不是很清楚时一般用这种
(六)表示人或物存在的句型
a.There+ be +s
b. /sth.
There is an ice cream man.
There is a table.
There are some newspapers.
There are s ome pictures.
b.There +be +sb./sth+介词短语
There is a table in the kitchen.
There is an electric cooker in the room.
There are some armchairs near the door. There is a boy in the water.
There are some children in the park
c.Sb./sth. +be+介词短语
The pictures are on the wall.
The bottle is on the table.
We are on the left.
d.指示代词/here+ be+ sth.
Here is another photograph.
This is photo of our village.
(七)要求某人做某事的句型
a)V原+sb.(代词要用宾格)+sth.(+ please, +sb.) Give me some glasses please, Ann.
Give him a book please, Miss Sophie.
Send her some flowers.
Show me your tonge.
b)(sb.+)sth. +sb./please.
Come in, Any.
My coat and my umbrella, please.
Shut the door, please.
c)sth. +and +sth.
Come upstairs and see it.
Come and meet our employees.
Open the window and air the room.
d)Sth+ 介词短语
Put these clothes in the wardrobe.
e)Sb.+ must +sth.(+sb.)
(八)一般疑问句及回答
Be动词
由带be的陈述句通过主谓倒装,即将be按适当形式移到主语之前可以构成一般疑问句,be动词am,is,are引导的一般疑问句;肯定回答用Yes,否定回答用No,除了第一二人称之间有变化外,其余答句中的主语与问句中相同.
由Be 动词来问,也由Be 动词来回答be : am is are
例Is this your umbrella? 这是你的伞吗?
Yes, it is. 这是(我的)。
No, it isn`t. 这不是(我的)。
Is that her pen? 那是她的钢笔吗?
Yes, it is. 那是(她的)。
No, it isn`t. 那不是(她的)。
注意:这些都是简单回答,即省去了后面部分your umbrella和her pen。
Is this Jim`s pencil? 这是吉姆的铅笔吗?
Yes, it is. 这是(吉姆的)。
No, it isn`t. 这不是(吉姆的)。
Are these Jim`s pencils? 这些是吉姆的铅笔吗?
Yes, they are. 这些是(吉姆的)。
No, they aren`t, 这些不是(吉姆的)。
注意:当主语是复数时,be动词、宾语以及回答的代词,都要变为复数的形式:当;this-these 则;Is-are,,pencil-pencils,it-they 。
Are those our passports? 那些是我们的护照吗?
Yes, they are our passports. 那些是我们的护照。
No, they aren`t our passports. They are their passports. 那些不是我们的护照,那些是它们的护照。
注意:具体回答的方式就是将原来的疑问句,转成肯定句,或是否定句。
Is this Hans` book? 这是汉斯的书吗?
Yes, it is Hans` book. 这是汉斯的书。
No, it isn`t Hans` book. It is my book. 这不是汉斯的书,这是我的书。
注意:在实际语言中,肯定回答一般只用Yes,或者Yes, it is.就可以了,不用具体回答。否定回答不能只用No,这样是不礼貌的。
例:Am I a teacher? Yes,you are . No, you aren't.
例:Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I am not.
例:Are you students? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
例:Is he Tom? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
例:Is she your friend? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
例:Is it a cat? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
例:Is Lucy 8 years old? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
例:Is this a pen? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
例:Is that a pencil? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
例:Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is .No, there isn't
(九)特殊疑问句及回答
特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
What什么;
1.询问国籍
a.What+ nationality+ be +s
b.
What nationality are you? I’m Italian. What nationality is Robert? He’s Italian. What nati onality is him? He’s Italian.
2.询问职业
a.What+ be+ s
b.的+job
What’s your job? I’m an engineer.
What are their jobs? They are sales reps.
3.询问名字
a.What +be +s
b.的+name
What’s your name?My name is Sophie.
What’s her name? She name is Sophie. What’s his name? He name is Robert.
4.询问颜色
a.What+ color + be + Sth.
What color is it? It’s green.
What color is your new dress? It’s yellow. What color’s Anna’s hat? It’s red.
What color’s your shirt? It’s white.
5.询问型号
a.What+ make +be +sth.
What make is this car?
b.What+ size +be + sth.
What size is this skirt?
6.询问事件
What+ be +the matter/wrong+ with+ sb. What is the matter with you? We are tired. What’s wrong with Claire? He’s thirsty.
注:当语境明了的情况下with + sb. 可以省去。
7.询问某人应该做某事
What+ must + sb.+ do
What must I do? You must make the bed.
8.询问某人或某物正在做什么
What+ be + sb./sth+现在分词
What’s she doing? She’s sitting under the tree.
What are you doing? I’m claiming tree.
What are they doing? They are lookin g at the pictures. What the dog doing? It’s eating its bone.
What are the woman doing? They’re typing letters.
How怎么样;
1.询问健康状况
a.How+ be动词+ s
b.
How are you?
How is Tony today?
How is your wife today?
注意:在sb. 后面加today 表示今天怎么样。
2.询问目前状况
a.How+ be+ sth
How’s life?
How are things?
How’s work?
Whose谁的;
1.询问某物是谁的
a.Whose+ 物名+be +某物(= Whose+ be+ 某物+物名) Whose shirt is that?
Whose is this tie?
Whose is that blouse?
Who 谁;
1.询问姓名和身份
Who +be+ sb.
Who is he? He’s Claire. He’s an assistant.
Who is this young man? He’s Claire. He’s an assistant. Who are they? They are tourist.
2.询问
When 何时;
Which 哪一个;
Which 总是一种限定的、特指的选择
1.询问物体或物质
Which+名词n.
Which book do you want? I do want the red book.
Which glasses do you want? I do want on the shelf ones. Why 为什么;
Where 哪儿;
1.询问国籍
a.Where +be + s
b. + from
Where are you from? I’m from Australia.
Where is she from? She is from Australia.
b.Where+ 助动词(do does )+sb.+ come from
Where do you come from? I come from the U.S.
Where does he come from? He come from the U.S.
2.询问地点
a.Where+ be+ sth.\s
b.
Where is the refrigerator? It’s on the right./On the right. Where are the books? They are on the table.
Where’s Sally? She’s in the garden.
Where are the children? They are in the prak.
b.Where +be +sth./sb.+现在分词.
Where are the men going? They are going into the shop. Where is she sitting? She’s sitting beside her mother. Where’s the plane flying? It’s flying over the river.
(十)否定句
1. 一个含be的否定句应在其后面加not
This is not my umbrella.
This isn’t her.
No, I’m not.
No, we aren’t.
They are not mine.
(十一)某人/某物正在做某事
1.Sb.+ be +现在分词+sth.
She’s sitting under the tree.
Tim is climbing the tree.
The dog’s running across the grass. They are walking over the bridge. Sally is looking at a aeroplane.
2.Sth.+ be +现在分词+sth.
The plane is flying over the river. The cat i s drinking a bottle of milk.
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