【外研版】2019届高考英语一轮复习：语法专项突破(1)及答案解析

第二部分语法专项突破(一)

真题改编·语法填空

1．(2018·山东·1改编)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ________(expect)．

答案：had expected 句意：用手写出所有的邀请函比我们预计的耗费的时间更多。由句意可知，“预计”这一动作发生在谓语动词was之前，故此处应选择过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。

2．(2018·福建·23改编)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?

—I went to Ningxia and ________ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.

答案：stayed 句意：——“好几年没见你了！你去哪儿了？”——“我去了宁夏，在那儿呆了一年，作教学志愿者。”根据句意，在宁夏待了一年应该是发生在过去的事情，故应用一般过去时态。

3．(2018·安徽·23改编)The twins, who ________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.

答案：had finished 句意：那对双胞胎已完成家庭作业，被允许在操场上打羽毛球。finish动作显然在were allowed之前发生，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时态。

4．(2018·重庆·8改编)James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ________(come) until yesterday. 答案：was coming 句意：詹姆斯刚刚到，但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。他要来是以过去为起点将要发生的事情，故用过去进行时表示将来，故用was coming。

5．(2018·四川·9改编)She ________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.

答案：was phoning 句意：她正在打电话，因此，我朝她点了点头然后走开了。根据后半句中的nodded，went 可知，前半句应用过去时态，再结合句意可知，此处表示过去正在发生的动作，故用was phoning。6．(2018·浙江·11改编)Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she ________ (see) most of the guests before.

答案：had seen 句意：Sofia环顾了一下所有的面孔，她有印象的是，大部分客人都是她以前见到过的。根据句意知，此处see的动作发生在had the impression动作之前，故应用过去完成时态。

7．(2018·北京·32改编)I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________(start) when I arrived. 答案：had started 句意：我觉得那节课难以听懂，因为当我到达时，课已经开始了。根据句意可以判断出课开始是先于I arrived，因为“我到达时”是发生在过去，所以课开始应该是指过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时。

8．(2018·江西·24改编)—Tony, why are your eyes red?

—I ________(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.

答案：have been cutting 句意：——“托尼，你的眼睛为什么是红的？”——“在刚刚过去的五分钟里我一直在切辣椒。”由时间状语for the last five minutes可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，用have/has been doing形式。

9．(2018·湖南·28改编)Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________(try) to make our environment more beautiful.

答案：have been trying 句意：人类自从开始耕种以来，就一直在努力使环境变得更加美丽。强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在并将继续下去，应用完成进行时。

10．(2018·湖南·34改编)Whenever you ________(buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.

答案：buy 句意：不管什么时候购买礼物，你都应该从接受礼物者的角度来考虑。根据句子意思可知，指一般的情况，故用一般现在时。

11．(2018·北京·22改编)—Hi, let's go skating.

—Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ________ (fill) in an application form for a new job.

答案：am filling 句意：——“嗨，我们去溜冰吧。”——“不好意思，我现在正忙着。我正填写一份新工作的申请表。”结合前一句的时间状语right now可知，表示目前正在进行的动作，所以后一句的谓语应该用现在进行时。

12．(2018·山东·5改编)They made up their mind that they ________(buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.

答案：would buy 句意：他们下定决心一旦拉里换了工作他们就会买一座新房子。根据句意和主句时态(一般过去时)可知，此处表示过去将要发生的事情，故宾语从句应用过去将来时。

13．(2018·北京·31改编)—What time is it?

—I have no idea. But just a minute, I ________ (check) it for you.

答案：will check 句意：——“几点了？”——“不知道。但是稍等，我给你看一下几点了。”根据上下文可知是指现在发生的事情，根据just a minute可以判断出应该是将要看一下时间，所以后面一句的谓语动词

应该用一般将来时。

14．(2018·全国Ⅰ改编)If we ________ now to protect the environment, we'll live to regret it.(act) 答案：don't act 本题考查动词时态。句意：如果我们不行动起来保护环境，我们会后悔的。根据主句的时态及从句中的now可知，条件从句要用一般现在时态don't act。

15．(2018·陕西改编)On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(take)

答案：takes 本题考查时态。句意：星期一早上开车去上班通常花费我一个小时的时间，尽管距离仅有20英里。由时间状语on Monday mornings及usually可知是经常性、习惯性的动作，又由让步状语从句中的is可知是叙述现在的事情，所以要表示现在时间中的经常性、习惯性的动作要用一般现在时。

16．(2018·江苏改编)—What about your self-drive trip yesterday?

—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ________ a rough ride.(have)

答案：had 考查时态。——“你昨天的自驾游怎么样？”——“令人烦，道路正在被拓宽，我们颠簸地驾车。”我们驾车是昨天的事，所以用一般过去时。

17．(2018·湖南改编)—“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs. Crawford.

—“Oh, I ________ president，” said the boy, with a smile.(be)

答案：will be 考查动词时态。句意：——克劳福德女士问，“你长大了想做什么？”——小孩微笑着说：“哦，(我)想当总统”。在直接引语中表示将来的事，用一般将来时，答案为will be。

18．(2018·北京改编)—Do you think Mom and Dad ________ late?

—No.Swiss Air is usually on time.(be)

答案：will be 本题考查动词时态。句意：——“你觉得爸爸妈妈会来晚吗？”——“不。瑞士航班总是很准时。”由语境可知，爸爸妈妈还没到，因此要迟到是发生在将来，要用一般将来时态。

19．(2018·四川改编)Hurry up, kids! The school bus ______ for us！(wait)

答案：is waiting 本题考查时态。题干的意思是：孩子们，快点！校车正在等着我们呢！由题中的关键信息Hurry up, kids！可知此处应该用现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在或一直在进行或发生的动作。20．(2018·北京改编)Hurry up! Mark and Carol ________ us.(expect)

答案：are expecting 本题考查动词时态。句意：快点！马克和卡罗尔在等我们。由前置语境Hurry up可知，expect动作正在进行，要用现在进行时态。

21．(2018·山东改编)—Oh，no! We're too late.The train______.

—That's ok, We will catch the next train to London.(leave)

答案：has left 本题考查动词的时态。句意：——“不！我们太晚了。火车已经开走了。”——“没关系。我们会赶上下一班去伦敦的火车。”现在完成时态强调对现在造成的影响或结果，即我们赶不上火车了。22．(2018·湖南改编)—Have you heard about the recent election?

—Sure, it ________ the only thing on the news for the last three days.(be)

答案：has been 考查动词的时态。句意：——“你听说最近的选举了吗？”——“当然了，这是近来三天唯一的新闻内容。”根据问话中Have you heard about以及时间状语for the last three days可知用现在完成时。

23．(2018·辽宁改编)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all, he ________ it for a very long time.(have)

答案：had had 考查时态的用法。句意：他卖吉他时很不高兴，毕竟，他拥有这把吉他很久了。由句意可知，“拥有”这一动作，发生在“卖吉他”这一动作之前，“卖吉他”用了一般过去时，“拥有”这一动作是发生在“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。

24．(2018·福建改编)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.(take)

答案：has been taking 本题考查时态用法。由over the last three years可知应用现在完成进行时。25．(2018·辽宁改编)We are confident that the environment ________ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.(improve)

答案：will be improved 考查时态和语态的用法。句意：我们很自信，通过我们进一步的努力来减少污染，环境将会得到改善。由句意可知，应该用一般将来时的被动语态。

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