2021届山东新高考英语新题型专项突破 (含答案解析)
2021届山东新高考英语新题型专项突破
（含答案解析）
题型专项突破-阅读理解（国家篇）
一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出
最佳选项。
1.
Sailors used to speak of a “jack” when they meant a flag which was set near the bow of a sailing ship. The flag showed the country to which the ship belonged. The Union Jack became the flag of Great Britain. Australia’s flag has the Union Jack in the top left -hand corner together with the stars of the Southern Cross. They have kept this small part of Britain on their flag because their country was first settled by people from Britain. Australia’s flag is the same color as the Union Jack — red, white and blue. The act of joining together is called a “union”. The Union Jack was the name of the flag made when England, Scotland and Ireland joined together to make one country.
It all began in 1707, when England and Scotland joined together to become one nation. A flag was made using two crosses — one for the patron saint of each country, which means protector. Many centuries before, the English had taken St. George as their patron saint. His emblem was a red cross on a white background. The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew. In memory of him, they used a white cross on a blue background. This cross was shaped like the letter “X”. The new flag was a mixture of both flags with two sets of crosses.
When Ireland joined England and Scotland in 1800, another cross was added. St Parick’s cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an “X”. All three flags now made up the Union Jack.
(1) The Union Jack is the flag of __________.
A. the United Nations
B. Ireland
C. England and Scotland
D. Great Britain
(2) It is because _______ that Australia has the Union Jack in the top left-hand corner together with the stars of the Southern Cross.
A. the Union Jack was named when England, Scotland and Ireland joined together
B. people from Britain brought the flag of Great Britain to Australia
C. people from Britain settled in Australia first
D. the flag of Great Britain is colourful
(3) According to the text, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. St. George was the English patron saint.
B. The Scottish had taken St. Andrew as their patron saint.
C. St. Patrick was the patron saint of Ireland, whose cross was red.
D. Ever since 1800, the British have taken Union Jack as their patron saint.
答案：
1.
(1)-(3)DCD
解析：
1.
(1) 细节理解题。见首段第三句“The Union Jack became the flag of Great Britain.”
(2) 细节理解题。首段中间“They have kept this small part of Britain on their flag because their country was first settled by people from Britain.道明了原因。
(3) 由第二段可知“patron saint”是由人来充当的，由第二段的第三句“…the English had taken St. George as their patron saint.”和第五句“The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew.”可知A、B两项正确；由末段第二句“St Parick’s cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an “X”.”可知C项亦正确；而由第一段首句和末句可知“Union Jack”只是英国国旗的名称，不是人名，故D项错误。
2.
The United States covers a large part of the North American continent. Its neighbors are Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. Although the United
States is a big country, it is not the largest in the world. In 1964, its population was over 185 000 000.
When this land first became a nation, after winning its independence（独立）from England, it had thirteen states. Each of the states was represented（代表）on the American flag by a star. All these states were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew toward the west, new states were added and new stars appeared on the flag. For a long time, there were 48 stars. In 1959, however, two more stars were added to the flag, representing the new states of Alaska and Hawaii.
Indians were the first people of the land which is now the United States. There are still many thousands of Indians now living in all parts of the country. Sometimes it is said that the Indians are “the only real Americans”. Most Americans come from all over the world. Those who came first in greatest numbers to make their homes on the eastern coast of North America were mostly from England. It is for that reason that the language of the United States is English and that its culture and customs are more like those of England than those of any other country in the world.
(1) Which of the following is TRUE?
A. America is the largest country in the world.
B. The population of America is larger than that of any other country in the North American continent.
C. America covers most part of the North American continent.
D. Mexico is to the north of Canada.
(2) The first thirteen states were in the of the United States.
A. south
B. north
C. east
D. west
(3) Why is English the language of America?
A. English is the Indian’s native language.
B. Most Americans come from all over the world.
C. Most of the people who first settle in America were from England.
D. Canada is America’s nearest neighbour.
(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The States of America.
B. The Language of America.
C. The United States of America.
D. The Culture and Customs of America.
答案：
1.
(1)-(4) BCCC)
解析：
1．
(2) 文章第二段中第三句话说明了这一事实。
(3) 文章最后两句话说明了为什么美国的语言是英语的原因。
3.
The Isle of Wight is a small island off the south coast of England. It is one of the most popular holiday destination (预定地点；目的地) in Britain; in 1980 about 8,000,000 people stayed there and another 6,000,000 went there on “day trips”.
Not many foreign tourists know about the island. Most of the visitors are British people who go there for their summer holidays. The Isle Wight is only 23 miles long and 13 miles from north to south, but the towns and villages are all very different, and they offer a good many holidays. It is also one of the hottest places in Britain.
It is very simple to get to the island from London. Trains leave London every hour during the summer. Two and a half hours later, you arrive at Portsmouth, where you walk 50 meters to the ferry (渡口). Half an hour after that, you are standing on the island. A return fare from London to the Isle of Wight will cost about ￡10.
(1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the passage? Of the people who visited the Isle of Wight in 1980, __________.
A. 800,000 were British
B. 600,00 were foreigners
C. 6,000,000 were visitors who came and left there in the same way
D. 14,000,000 were tourists who visited it on “day trips”.
(2) According to the passage, the journey from London to the island takes _________.
A. two and a half hours
B. exactly 3 hours
C. a little more than 3 hours
D. less than 3 hours 70.
(3)Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The Most Secret Island in Britain.
B. The Hottest Island in Britain.
C. The Most Beautiful Island in Britain.
D. The Isle of Wight — a Tourist Must
答案：
1.
(1)-(3) CCD
解析：
1.
(1) 依据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句判断正确答案为C。
(2) 乘两个半小时的火车，然后步行50米，再坐半个小时的轮船，因而用时三个多小时。故选C。
(3) 从文章描写的看，这个岛是一处度假圣地，是游客必须去的地方。故选D。
题型专项突破-完形填空（国家篇）
一、完形填空
Gold Mine in Scotland
If you were interested (1) a gold miner, you would probably not think (2) to Scotland to begin your career. But (3) a gold rush in Scotland a hundred years ago, even though it only lasted (4) a short time. The (5) thing about this gold rush was that the man who started it, a Mr. Gilchrist,(6)
back from Australia after (7) many years looking for gold without success.
(8) , while he was standing on a bridge near his home, he (9) that the stream was shining brightly. He (10) surprised to realize that the gold he had been looking for (11) long time was on his doorstep, so to speak. He (12) to work immediately but he soon told his neighbours about this good (13) and hundreds of men (14) the village, hoping to make their fortunes, too. After a year or so, the gold had gone and (15) but expeditions have been formed (16) since then to see where the gold comes from. So far (17) (18) find the source and interest has died down (19) the greater attractions of the “black gold” off the Scottish coast, the oil recently discovered in the North Sea which (20) to provide Scotland with great wealth in the future.
(1) A. for becoming B. in becoming C. on becoming D. to become
(2) A. to go B. of going C. in going D. with going
(3) A. there had been B. it has been C. there was D. it was
(4) A. during B. while C. for D. since
(5) A. strangest B. most strange C. stranger D. more strange
(6) A. has just come B. was just coming
C. had just come
D. just come
(7) A. to pass B. to spend C. passing D. spending
(8) A. One time B. One day
C. One occasion
D. Once upon a time
(9) A. noticed B. remarked C. viewed D. accounted
(10) A. had to be B. was to be C. should have been D. must have been (10) A. so B. such C. such a D. a so
(12) A. came B. made C. put D. started
(13) A. chance B. luck C. sort D. event
(14) A. reached to B. reached at C. arrived to D. arrived at
(15) A. also had the men B. also the men had
C. so had the men
D. so the men had
(16) A. from time to time B. on different times
C. for the time being
D. in different times
(17) A. anyone B. no one C. someone D. none
(18) A. has been able to B. could
C. can
D. is able to
(19) A. because of B. because C. for D. as
(20) A. will perhaps B. will likely C. is free D. is likely
答案：
(1)-(5) BBCCA (6)-(10) CDBAD (11)-(15) CDBDC (16)-(20) ABAAD
解析：
(1) 依据短语be interested in判断，答案为B。
(2) 依据短语think of判断，答案为B。
(3) 从时间状语a hundred years ago来看，应该使用一般过去时。
(5)come back这一动作发生在start这一动作之前，因而使用过去完成时态。
(6) 依据句意和短语spend time doing判断，答案为D。
(10) 此处表示对过去的推测，因此选用must have been。
(14) reach作“到达”讲时，是及物动词，不需要接介词；arrive作“到达”讲时，不与介词to连用。
(15) 此句表示“那些人也走了”，故选C。
(16) from time to time的意思是“不时；有时；偶尔；间或”；for time being的意思是“暂时；眼下”。从上下文看，应该使用from time to time。
(18) 从下一句interest has died down来看，应该使用现在完成时。
(20) be free (免费)是不可能的；因而正确答案是D。A项后不可接to provide；B 项结构错误；be free (免费)是不可能的；因而正确答案是D。
专项提升：语法强化练习
一、单项选择
1．(2013·北京，29)When we saw t he road ________ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A．block B．to block
C．blocking D．blocked
2．(2012·四川，12)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.
A．washed B．wash
C．washing D．to wash
3．(2012·辽宁，25)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ them.
A．to follow B．following
C．followed D．follows
4. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ________ as much as we can.
A．speak B．speaking
C．spoken D．to speak
5. Television has many advantages. It keeps us ________ about the ________ news and also provides entertainment at home.
A．informed; latest B．know; later
C．learning; later D．think; latest
6. They found the lecture ha rd ________.
A．to be understood
B．to understand
C．for understanding
D．to have been understood
7. —Good morning. Can I help you?
—I'd like to have this package ________，madam.
A．be weighed B．to be weighed
C．to weigh D．weighed
8. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ___ the next year.
A．carry out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
二、句型转换
(1)Those plants are not suitable for t hat part of the garden. They must be pulled up.
Those plants are not suitable for that part of the garden. I must ________ them ________ ________.
(2)Though I've learnt English for years, I still can't make people understand me quite well.
Though I've learnt English for years, I stil l can't make ________ ________ quite well.
(3)I'll just wash the dishes and then I'll come.
I'll just ________ the dishes ________ and then I'll come.
(4)I won't hear anyone say anything against him beh ind his back.
I won't hear anything ________ against him behind his back.
(5)The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make people hear him.
The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make ________ ________.
参考答案
一、
1. D 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到道路被大雪堵住的时候，我们决定在家度假。分析结构可知，此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；宾补是do，表示“看见宾语干某事的过程”；宾补是doing，指“看见宾语正在干某事”；若宾语与宾补之间为动宾关系，则要用过去分词作宾补。分析结构可知，此处宾语the road与block之间为动宾关系，故用blocked作宾补，故正确答案为D。
2. A 考查非谓语动词。get后跟复合宾语，宾语是car，与宾补wash之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。句意：在开车进城市之前，按要求你要把你的车洗干净。因此答案是A项。
3. B 考查with的复合结构。在这个with的复合结构中，宾语their pet dog 与宾补之间为主谓关系，故用following作宾补。句意：这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在花园里散步。
4. C English和speak之间为逻辑上的被动关系，过去分词表示被动，故用spo ken作宾语补足语。句意为“为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能抓住一切机会听别人讲英语”。
5. A us与inform之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词作宾补；latest
是形容词，意思是“最近的”。句意为“电视有很多好处。它可使我们了解最近的新闻，也提供家庭娱乐”。
6. B 句意：这个讲座很难懂。不定式定词与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，故B项正确。
7. D have sth. done为固定用法，意思是“让某事被(别人)做”，其中过去分词作宾语补足语。
望看到明年被执行的那项计划”。
8. C 本句中see的宾语为that，代指的是the plan，the plan与carry out之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。句意为“经理们讨论了他们希二、
(1)have；pulled up (2)myself understood
(3)get/have；washed (4)said (5)himself heard
专项训练：语法拔高练习
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Is this the recorder you want __________ (repair)?
2．Being poor in English，I’m afraid I can’t make myself __________ (understand)．3．As a guard you should not let strangers __________ (enter) the gym.
4．—I got the story __________ (write) in French. Mr. White did it.
—I can hardly believe this. He can’t speak French，let alone write it.
5．Our manager left the problem __________ (unsettle)．
6．Please keep us __________ (inform) of the latest news.
7．You can have our group leader __________ (help) you with your English. He knows Latin，let alone English.
8．The powder will make the cabbage __________ (grow) big and strong.
9．Keep your mouth __________ (shut) and your eyes open.
10．With everything well __________ (arrange)，he left the office.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．When he woke up，he found himself ___________ (被一群孩子围着)．2．Where did you ______________________________ (印刷你的书)?
3．___________________ (所有的工作都做完了)，I feel very relaxed now. 4．We _________________ (打扫教室) after school every day.
5．While you were out，you should ______________ (关着门和窗子)．6．I think we shall __________________ (完成修缮工作) in a week.
参考答案
Ⅰ.
1.repaired
2.understood
3.enter
4.written
5.unsettled
https://www.360docs.net/doc/236905072.html,rmed
7.help8.grow
9．shut10.arranged
Ⅱ.
1.surrounded by a group of children
2.have your book printed
3.With all the work finished
4．have our classroom cleaned
5.keep your doors and windows closed
6.get the repair work finished
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does the traif leave 6:30. :30. 10:30. does the wonar sRwrm car. foot. bike is the probable relationship between the speakers . and student. and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 does the woman regret up her research. out of college. her major. is the woman interested in studying now . . . 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 is the man hotel manager. tour guide. taxi driver. is the man doing for the woman for some local foods.
2013山东高考英语
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听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 2. What are the speakers talking about> A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 3. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home 4. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place?
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2013年高考英语全国卷1
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2013山东卷英语完型填空及答案详细解析
I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 36 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a 37 person. I think my 38 started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 39 and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever 40 to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really 41 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So tried a(n) 42 . I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 43 to help. That was really a big 44 for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 45 are still my best friends today. A bigger cause of my new 46 , however, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer ’s disease b4e7c a m e.E m v y e r y time I came into her room, she was so 48 because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never 49 her, so I took her place. She let me 50 that making others feel good make me feel good, too, when she died, I was 51 , but I was very grateful to her. I think I am a much 52 person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not 53 these experiences. They have 54 me to care about other people more than about myself. I 55 who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago. 36. A. since B. before C. or D. unless 37. A. famous B. simple C. different D. skilled 38. A. education B. career C. tour D. change 39. A. balance C. homework C. degree D. interest [来源:学科网ZXXK] 40. A. talked B. wrote C. lied D. reported 41. A. careful B. lonely C. curious D. guilty 42. A. argument B. game C. experiment D. defence 43. A. dared B. offered C. hesitated D. happened 44. A. dream B. problem C. duty D. step 45. A. us B. which C. them D. whom 46. A. attitude B. hobby C. hope D. luck
2013年高考湖北卷英语试题解析(版)(解析版)
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2013年各区县高三英语一模考翻译及答案
1. 一部吸引观众的电影从一开头就能调起他们的兴趣。（appeal） 2. 该自然保护区的工人们试图靠他们自己来清理，但他们的努力远远不够。(reserve) 3. 她昨晚已恢复了知觉，但是可能还要很长一段时间才能重拾网球拍。（consciousness） 4. 学校团体旅游对孩子们大量了解自己的国家提供了一个好机会。(excursion) 5. 许多美籍华人在美国经济中起着如此重要的作用以至于在某些领域，他们是不可替代的。(substitute) 1. A film which appeals to the audience can arouse their interest from the very beginning. 2. The workers of this nature reserve try to clean it by themselves but their efforts are not enough. 3. She regained consciousness last night, but there is still a long way to go before she plays tennis again. 4. A school excursion is a good chance for children to learn a great deal about their own country. 5. Many Chinese—Americans are playing such an important role in the American economy that in some fields nobody can substitute for them/ there is no substitute for them 杨浦区 1. 任何人都会犯错，但只有傻瓜坚持他的错误。(persist) 2. 缺乏户外锻炼不利于儿童的健康和成长。(lack) 3. 当新年钟声响起，关于世界末日的预言不攻自破。(prove) 4. 说谎者得到的惩罚不在于没有人相信他，而是他不能相信其他人。(not...but) 5. 新一代中国领导人将更加关注经济转型和提高人民的生活水平。(attention) 1. Any man can make mistakes, but only a fool persists in his error. 2. A lack of outdoor exercise is not good for children's health and growth. 3. When the New Year bell rang, the prediction about the end of the world proved wrong. 4. The liar's punishment is not that he is not believed, but that he cannot believe anyone else. 5. The new generation of Chinese leaders will pay more attention to the economic transformation / transition / restructuring and improving people's living standards. 长宁区 1.我最喜欢的运动是打网球。(play) 2.应该给予孩子们更多心理上的抚慰。(comfort) 3.不管多么困难，我们都应该按时完成这项利民工程。(however) 4.人们很少仅仅因为这座城市的生活节奏太快而决定离开。(Rarely) 5.她既然认为自己没有做错什么，那又何必要违心地当众认错呢？(against) 1. My favorite sport is playing tennis. 2. Children should be given / provided with more psychological comfort. 3. However difficult it may be, we must finish the project that benefits ordinary people on time. 4. Rarely do people decide to leave the city only because of its too fast pace of life. 5. Why did she admit her mistake against her will in public since she thought she had done nothing wrong? 闵行区 1. 小学生都喜欢看卡通片。(fond) 2. 据说这起交通事故中有多名乘客受伤。(It...) 3. 他的提议听上去很实用，但实施起来很困难。(sound) 4. 意识到犯了大错，我马上向在场所有的人表达了诚挚的歉意。(present) 5. 周游世界不但能帮助我们开阔眼界，还能为我们提供更多的机会去尝试新鲜事物。(...not
2013年高考真题——英语(山东卷)word版有答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷） 英语 本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷降答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填 写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.第II卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应 的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液】胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第I卷（共105分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束时，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15 B. ￡ 9.18 C. ￡9.15 答案是C。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos B. Buy a camera C. Help the woman 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night B. Their life in town C. A place of living 3. Where is the man now? A. on his way B. In a restaurant C. At home 4. What will Celia do? A. find a player B. Watch a game C. Play basketball 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday B. Sunday C. Monday 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至7两个小题。 6. What is Sara going to do? A. Buy John a gift B. Invite John to France C. Give John a surprise 7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan?
2013山东高考英语试题及解析
2013山东高考英语试题及解析 2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷） 英语 本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷降答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必用毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2. 第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 第II卷必须用毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液】胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第I卷（共105分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，
请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束时，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ B. ￡ C. ￡ 答案是C。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos B. Buy a camera C. Help the woman 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night B. Their life in town C. A place of living 3. Where is the man now? A. on his way B. In a restaurant C. At home 4. What will Celia do? A. find a player B. Watch a game C. Play basketball 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday B. Sunday C. Monday 第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，