(完整版)2019年初中英语词汇运用和语法填空及短语归纳总结,推荐文档
中考复习之词汇运用
词汇运用题：考查学生对单词的拼写能力，以及词形变化、测试内容以实词为主，虚词为辅。
做好这类题，一般应遵循下面几个步骤：第一步读懂句意，判断词性；第二步确定词形；第三步核对答案。
名词：单数、复数、所有格、大写；
动词：时态、语态、非谓语动词形式；（一般现在时用三单；已经有动词用非谓语）形容词：原级、比较级、最高级；（“的”）
副词：原级、比较级、最高级；（“地”）
代词：不定代词、主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词；
数词：基数词、序数词（first, second, third, fourth, fifth）
冠词：a / an / the （首次提到用a / an；特指用the）
连词：and，but，or，because，so，when，where，before，after，if…
介词：at，by，to，in，for，of，on，from，with…
中考复习之选词填空
二、选词填空解题注意事项
1.先对备选词汇的词性作简单标记，如名词(n.)、动词(v.)、形容词(adj.)、副词(adv.)等。同时对词义做初步的理解。
2.根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意固定搭配，根据需要去备选词
汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3.填词过程中注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。为
了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：
空前空后要注意；
“名词”单复数要牢记，还有“'s”不能弃；
“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意三种级；
要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”；
填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、习惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后填答案时，切勿错位。
中考复习之语法填空
步骤：
1.快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；
2.上下查看，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；
3.通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加相应的否定前缀(un，in，dis，等)。
解题思路：
?1.有提示词
分析句子成分→定词性→定词形→检验答案
(1)填动词
缺谓语动词：时态(八大时态)、语态(被动语态)
非谓语动词：to do、doing、done
(2)填名词：单复数、所有格、大写
(3)形容词、副词。
形容词名词
副词（修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子）. ,
比较级、最高级
?2.无提示词
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词(并列连词和从属连词)等。
(1)名词前：用冠词、代词、介词
(2)缺主语：代词、who、that、which
(3)缺宾语：代词
(4)并列两个或多个单词、短语、句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and、but、or 等。
(5)两句之间，如果不是完整句子，缺成分或意思，则很可能是主从句，则需填入从属连词
(what，which，who，how，when 等)。
（1）反身代词的常见搭配：
enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time 玩得高兴
by oneself =on one’s own独自
teach oneself=learn …by oneself自学
help oneself to 随便吃
introduce oneself to 自我介绍
hurt oneself 伤到自己
improve oneself 提高自己
look after oneself = take care of oneself 照顾自己
think to oneself 内心在想
lose oneself in 沉迷于
say to oneself 自言自语
for oneself 为了某人自己反身代词注意：单数self 复数selves
（2）双写
2019 中考复习短语及搭配
1.感官动词的用法：感官动词+ do/doing (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、watch…)
find sb doing sth (doing 强调正在做)
2. a place of interest/places of interest 名胜古迹
3.比较级形式：1）-er；2）more+形/副原形
例如：1）easier and easier 2）more and more interesting
比较级句型：the+比较级；the+比较级；
4.All/different kinds of +（复数）各种各样的
5.agree with sb 赞成某人disagree with sb 不赞成某人
6.As soon as 一...就...
7.at the age of 在……岁时
8.at the begin ning of ……的起初；at the end of……的结束
9.be /feel confident 感觉自信
10.be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够……
11.be afraid to do (of ) sth 恐惧，害怕……be afraid of doing
12.be allowed to do 被允许做什么
13.be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me
14.be as…形/副原级…as 和什么一样
15.feel embarrass ed 感到尴尬
16.be away from 远离；从……离开
17.be far from 距...远
18.be bad for 对什么有害be bad for your health 对身体不好
19.be good for 对什么有好处
20.be born in 出生在... be born with... 生来具有...+（残疾或者天赋）
21.be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……
22.be close to…离…很近
23.be different from……和什么不一样
24.be famous/known for 以……著名be famous/known as 作为...而出名
25.be friendly to sb 对某人友好
26.be full of = be filled with 充满one’s eyes are filled with tears 满含泪水
27.be pleased to do = be happy to do 很高兴做某事
28.be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
29.keep healthy (adj)保持健康be in good health (n) 身体健康
30.be interested in 对某方面感兴趣= take an interest in
31.be like 像……(unlike 不像)
32.drive sb crazy/mad 使某人抓狂
33.be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料) 补：be made in 在…生产或制造
34.be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
35.be popular with sb 受某人欢迎补：be pleased with 对…感到满意
36.be sorry for sb 对…感到遗憾/可惜
37.be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
38.be supposed to do 应该做... 被要求干什么（可用来替代should do sth）
39.be sure to do sth 一定会做某事=make sure to do
40.（be afraid 害怕的，be scared 害怕的，be frightened 受惊吓的）
41.be the same as …和什么一样
42.be/get used to doing sth 习惯做某事(to 是介词)
43.be worth doing 值得做什么
44.because+句子eg : He was late because he had a headache.
because of +短语He was late because of his headache.
45.begin to do = start to do 开始做某事
began to do=started to do
46.To start with，=To begin with，首先
47.between…and…两者之间
48.borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb 借给谁
49.the same as 和…一样
50.by the end of 到……为止(完成时态)
51.chat with sb 和某人闲谈
https://www.360docs.net/doc/24957309.html,e up with 提出come up with a good idea 想出一个好办法
https://www.360docs.net/doc/24957309.html,municate with sb = talk with sb = have a conversation with sb 和某人交流
54.consider + doing 考虑做什么
55.regard / consider...as... 把...当成是...
56.decide to do sth 决定做某事= make a decision to do
57.escape from 从……逃跑
58.fall off 从哪摔下来
59.fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
60.find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
61.from…to…从…到… （语法填空难点）
62.get along (well) with sb = get on (well) with sb 与某人相处得好
63.get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备
prepare for 为...作准备
64.make sb do sth = let sb do sth = have sb d o sth 让某人做某事
65.go over 复习；仔细检查=review
66.a good way to do 做某事的一个好方法
67.had better (not) do s th 最好(不要）做某事
68.have fun +doing 玩得高兴= have a good/great time doing
69.have difficulty/ trouble /problem (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
70.have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事
71.have…(时间)…off 放……假have a month off 请一个月得假
72.help sb with sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
73.With one’s help=with the help of sb without one’s help=without the help of sb
74.How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
75.是否＝whether eg: I don't know whether I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会
76.if =如果eg: I'll go to Hangzhou if it doesn't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去杭州(主将从现)
77.in one's opinion，= sb think 某人认为
78.in some ways 在某些方面in a+形+way 以一个…的方式
79.in the end = finally(adv) = at last =lastly 最后
80.in the north of…什么在什么的北方（north 北south 南west 西east 东）
81.in the sun 在太阳下in the moonlight 在月光下
82.increase 增加
83.instead of doing 代替，而不是做…
84.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事invitation 邀请，邀请函
85.It takes sb some time to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间
86.It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样
87.Find it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
88.It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对……来说是个好主意
89.join in = take part in 参加
90.just now 刚才（过去时）
91.the answer to the question 问题的答案
92.make fun of = laugh at…取笑……
93.learn by oneself= learn sth on one’s own 自学
94.learn from 从…学习
95.be disappointed in/with 对... 很失望sth is disappointing 某事令人失望
96.look after = take care of 照顾照看
97.make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友
98.make sb /sth +adj 原形使某人（某物）怎么样
make sb /sth +adj 比较级
99.make up one's mind to do 下定决心做某事
100.make a difference to… 对…产生影响
101.much too +形容词too much+ 不可数名词
102.need +名词
sb need to do sth 需要某人做某事
103.no +名词No smoking.禁止吸烟No parking 禁止停车
104.no longer = not anymore 不再……
105.not…at all 一点都不
106.not only…but also…不但…而且…
107.not…until 直到…才…（完形填空和语法填空难点，not 可以用never 代替）
I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 108.provide sb with sth 给某人提供provide sth for sb.
109.offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人（区分记一个就好）
110.on one's way to…在谁去那的路上on one’s way home （home 前省略to）
111. =make on one's way to…
112.on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面
113.one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天（将来时态）
114.one of +可数名词的复数形式（如果有adj，一般是最高级）
115.pay for…付……钱pay-paid-paid
116.practice +doing 练习做某事
117.regard…as 把……当作……
118.remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
119.remind sb of sth 使某人想起什么
120.return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人
121.say to oneself 对自己说think to oneself 内心在想
122.sb spend money on sth 花了多少钱在某事上（人作主语）
123.sb spend time with sb 花了多少时间陪谁
124.sb spend time (in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事
125.see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事
126.seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样
seem +adj
It seems that...
127.take/stay away from 远离……
128.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事=keep/ prevent sb from doing sth
129.such a +名
130.such as+同类别项
131.to one's surprise 令某人惊奇
132.take walks = take a walk ＝go for a walk 散步
133.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么
134.tell…from… 区别，辨认出
135.thank to 幸亏，由于
136.thank you for +doing thank sb for sth 因某事而感谢某人
137.the way to do sth 做某方面的方法
138.too…to…太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能…so…that…如此…以至于…139.turn down 开小、拒绝←→turn up 开大、拒绝
140.turn off 关上←→turn on 打开
141.wake sb up 把某人叫醒
142.what if 如果……怎么办
143.What's the matter with sb? = What’s wong with…? …出了问题(事)?
144.while +延续性动词while+doing while+sb+be+doing(强调某时正在干什么)
145.why don't you do = why not do
146.with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下with one's help
147.you'd better do 最好做某事= you'd better not do 最好不要做某事
148.不定式+v(原）
149.系动词（taste 吃起来/sound 听起来/look 看起来/smell 闻起来）+adj
150.In+时间段（表示将来时态）
151.It’s time to do sth.(It’s time for sb. to do sth) 该到(某人)做某事的时间了.
152.can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要求做某事.
153.can’t/couldn’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事
154.ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth . 请(告诉)某人(不)做某事.
155.make/let sb. do sth.让某人做某事.
156.It’s better to do sth 最好做某事
157.It’s best to do sth 最好做某事
158.keep doing 继续做某事
keep on doing sth. 继续做某事
carry on doing 继续做某事
go on doing 继续做某事
159.feel like doing 喜欢做某事
https://www.360docs.net/doc/24957309.html,ed to do sth.过去常常做某事.
161.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
162.have nothing to do with….. 与…..无关
163.There’s something wrong with... something is wrong with... 什么东西有什么问题164.be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事
165.too…..to….. 太……以致于不…
166.so ……that ….. 如此….. 以致于不……(so 后面紧接adj)
167.such…..that……如此…..以致于不……(such 后面紧接名词)
168.It takes sb. some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间. (it 作形式主语)
169.spend …..on sth.(doing sth.)花钱/时间做某事. (人作主语)
170.pay…..for sth.花费(钱)买某物. (人作主语)
171.Thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做了某事.
172.It is said that…..据说…It is reported that….. 据报道…
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