incase用法小结

in case用法小结

原题如下：

1. John may phone tonight．I don't want to go out ____ he phones．（NMET 2000，春季）

A．as long as B．in order that C．in case D．so that

2．I should stay in the hotel all day _____ there is news of the missing child．NMET 2000上海春季）

A．in case B．no matter C．in any case D．even since

3．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some ____ ．（NMET 2000）A．at last B．in case C．once again D．in time

以上三题答案尽管相同，但in case在三题中的词义和语法职能并不一样，其用法使人困惑。今不揣浅陋，将以上三种用法以及与in case相关的几个短语用法，一并试予介绍和讨论。拙文拟分两个部分，先介绍各个短语的词义并列举实例；再讨论各个短语用法特点、同项用法的区别以及可转换为其他句型的用法。

（一）in case作短语连词，能引导状语从句。就其词义和语法职能来分，可引导两种从句。其一：in case ／just in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，以备，以防”等解。如：

He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns．

他带了手电筒，以备天黑以后回家之用。

I've bought a chicken in case your mother stays to lunch．

我买来一只童子鸡，以备你妈妈留下吃午饭。

I decided to stay at home just in case my friends came round．

我决定留在家里，以防朋友们不期而至。

I'll make some sandwiches in case you feel hungry on the journey．

我会做些三明治，免得你在旅途中饿着。

Buy one of his paintings now，in case they get more expensive．

现在就买下他的一幅画，以防他的画涨价。

You must be quiet in case the fish are frightened．

其二：in case接条件从句，意为“如果、万一”。如：

In case we fail，we won't lose heart．万一我们失败，我们决不会失去信心。

Add more coal in case the weather is cold．如果天气冷，就添些煤吧。

In case you get home before I do，could you start preparing dinner

如果你在我之前到家，你能不能动手做饭

In case they're late，we can always sit in the bar．

要是他们来晚了，我们总可以在酒吧里坐一坐。

In case you were thinking I'd lend any money，I'll tell you now—I won't．

如果你以往认为我总是借钱给你，这回对你说明白：我不借。

Little Melanie，in case you've forgot- ten，hasn't forgiven you．

如果你忘记了，小梅兰妮是不会原谅你的。

（二）in case作副词性短语，常置于句末，表示事先准备或预防的措施，作“以防万一”解。如：

She ought to be there in case．他应在那儿等着，以防万一。

I will keep some of these unused in case．我要保留一些不用，以备急需。

“I don't think there's any danger，”said the electrician，“but you'd better switch the electricity off in case．”电工说，“我看没啥危险，不过你最好关上电闸，以防万一。”

I'm sure they haven't forgotten but let's send them a reminder just in case．

我相信他们不会忘记，不过为防止万一，还是给他们发一封催促函吧。

The bus is usually on time，but start early，just in case．

那班汽车通常是准点的，但你还是早点动身，以防万一。

（三）in case of是短语介词，后接名词、动名词等。它带的短语置于句末常看作目的状语，作“以免，以防”解（A）；置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解（B）。但位置不是绝对的。如：

（A）The wall was built along the river in case of floods．沿河筑起防护墙，以防洪水。

You should keep a first-aid kit in the car in case of accident．

你应该在车里放一套急救用品，以备意外事故需用。

Many shops along the route have boarded up in case of trouble．

这条干道上沿途有许多商店都用木板钉上，（遮拦住玻璃门窗），以防止受到骚扰。

In case of rain I have an umbrella．我带了把雨伞以防下雨。

In case of need，I can make a trip to Boston．如有急事，我可以去趟波士顿。

In case of difficulty，you can reach me at this number．

如果有困难，你可以拨这个电话号码找我。

In case of my absence，some one will take my place．如果我不到，将有别人代替。

In case of my not being there，ask my brother to help you．

万一我不在那里，让我弟弟来帮助你。

In case of 和for fear of的用法区别

1. 作“提防”，“惟恐”这个意思讲，in case of 和for fear of 是同义词，但不一定能通用：in case of 只能用来引导名词，for fear of 多半引导动名词短语。

例如：In case of fire, break the bottle. 如果发生火灾，请把瓶打破。

I always put some money in my pocket in case of need. 我总是要在口袋里放一点钱以备需用。

2. 短语in case 是个连接语，作“假如”、“万一”讲。

例如：And now Hercules began to consider what he should do, in case Atlas should be drowned in the sea.

You’d better take an umbrella with you in case it rains.

3. 同if不一样，用作连词引导条件句时，in case这个短语通常用于陈述句，不用虚拟语气，而且意思也不一样。

例如：

In case I ask for leave, will she agree 如果我请假，她会答应吗

If I were to ask for leave, would he agree 如果我请假，他会答应吗

4. 即使主句是将来时态，由in case 引导的从句，仍然使用现在时态。

例如：

In case the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall hold a meeting. 如果明天天气好的话，我们将召开一次会议。

Henry will resign in case you drive him too hard. 如果你欺人太甚的话，亨利就会辞职不干。

5. 作“以防”来讲，in case相当于for fear that, 并可以通用。

例如：I wrote it down in case/ for fear that I should forget it. 我已把它抄下了，免得忘记。

I must stay at home this morning in case/for fear that he comes to see me. 我今天上午必须呆在家里，恐怕他会来看我。

6. In case这个短语，英美英语中的意思有时候并不相同。

例如：I will come in case I am wanted. 我会来的，因为也许有人要找我。（英式英语）

I will come in case I am wanted. 我会来的，只要有人找我。（美式英语）

With的用法全解

With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。一、 with结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）

2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.

动名词的用法

动名词的用法及练习你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。动名词的功能与用法一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 主语置于句尾用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染). 用It is 后接no use. no good, fun 等的句型 1. It is no use learning theory without practice. 2. It is no fun being lost in rain. 用It is 后接useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型 1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration. 用There + be + no + v-ing 的句型 1. There is no joking about such matters. 2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处) 二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object) 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面） 1. I cannot help laughing. （我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing) 2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling) 3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking) 注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类动词还有：dislike 厌恶admit 接受repent 后悔acknowledge 承认

keep 的用法

Keep的用法： keep vt., vi. kept, keeping 保留；保守 I keep old letters.我保存旧信。 I'll keep the original copy of your report on file. 我会把你报告的原件归档的。 It's an interesting suggestion and we'll keep it on ice." 这是一项有趣的建议,我们将留待以后考虑采用。" 保持；继续 We will keep on trying and, if we get anything done, will notify you. 我们将继续努力，有结果将通知你。 Leaders shouldn't keep themselves aloof from the masses. 领导人决不应该脱离群众。 Keep calm!安静! You shouldn't keep chopping and changing like this; you'd better make up your mind right now! "你不能再这样变化无常了,最好现在就拿定主意!" 遵守 He keeps to his promise.他守约。 "Everyone should keep discipline, and you, officers are no exception." "每个人都应该遵守纪律,你们军官也不例外。" 保卫；保护 Keep the baby warm.别把婴儿冻着。（常与from连用）防止；抑制 Keep one's temper。抑制住不发脾气。 Keep a curb on your anger.请抑制住怒气。扣留；留下 Please keep me a place in the queue.请在队里给我留个位置。赡养；饲养 to keep a dog养狗 Farmers usually keep chickens in their backyard. 农民们通常在自己的后院养鸡。经营；经销；管理 to keep a shop开商店 to keep house治家（常与from连用）远离；不接触 Keep away from the scene of the accident.勿靠近事故现场。 Their dog looked dangerous, we decided to keep our distance from it. 他们家那条狗样子很凶恶,因此我们决定离它远一点。 But the stone walls keep the farmer's cows from joining his neighbor's cows. 但是石头墙使这家农民的母牛不会加入到邻居的牛群中去。

with用法归纳

with用法归纳（1）“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。例如： ①We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 ②He writes with a pencil. 他用铅笔写。（2）“和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如： ①Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影'>电影吗？ ②He often goes to the library with Jenny. 他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。（3）“与……”。例如： I’d like to have a talk with you. 我很想和你说句话。（4）“关于，对于”，表示一种关系或适应范围。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？（5）“带有，具有”。例如： ①He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 ②They have no money with them. 他们没带钱。（6）“在……方面”。例如： Kate helps me with my English. 凯特帮我学英语。（7）“随着，与……同时”。例如： With these words, he left the room. 说完这些话，他离开了房间。 [解题过程] with结构也称为with复合结构。是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形： 1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） 2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况） 2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。

英语16种时态表

精心整理|?英语16种时态表英语时态表英语时态表时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法例句一般现在时1由be的 isamare表示，之后接名词，形容词或介词。 every…, sometime s, always,ne ver, often,usu ally等。一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态，或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态陈述句：Iamanofficeworker. Heissolazy. Theyareathome 否定句：IamnotTim. Sheisnotverybeauiful. Theyarenotintheoffice. 一般疑问句：Areyouanofficea Isshebeautiful? 2由实意动词 V构成，引导疑问句和否定句，用do或 don’t。第三陈述句：IworkinShanghai. Heworksathome. DavyneverwatchesTVathome

人称时用does或doesn’t,有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es. 否定句:Idon’tlikethefoodinK Davydoesn’tlikethefoodinK 一般疑问句: Doyouwantacupofcoffee?Do ubwaystation? 一般过去时。1由be的过去式是was或 were表示。 Is\am---was; are---were. ? yesterday , lastweek, anhourag o， thedaybe foreyesterday , in1997。在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。陈述句：Iwasabigboss.Hewa WewereinBeijinglastyear. 否定句:Iwasnotathomeatthat Wewerenotatworkyesterday 一般疑问句:Wereyouateacher Wassheintheofficelastweek? 2由V的过去式构成陈述句，疑问句和否定句用借助于did,有did 出现动词用原陈述句：IworkedinSunmoon WestudiedEnglishthere.Heliv 否定句:Ididn’tworkhere. Theydidn’tseeme.ShelikedE

keep的用法

1.keep +形容词 2.keep+sth/sb +形容词 3.keep +doing 一直做某事 4.keep ... from doing ... 阻止做某事。。。 5.keep a pet 饲养一个宠物 6.How long may I keep this book ？ keep指借。 keep的用法小结 keep是高考常考词汇之一，其含义丰富，与其搭配的短语也很多，其主要用法如下： A、用作及物动词（1）保留、保存、保持、留下 e.g. We'd better keep a seat for him. 我们最好给他留个座位。 He kept all the money in the bank. 他把所有的钱都存入了银行。（2）履行（诺言）遵守 e.g. One should keep one's promise. 一个人应当遵守自己的诺言。 Everybody must keep the law. 人人都必须守法。（3）赡养，养活，饲养 e.g. He has a large family to keep. 他有一大家人要养活。 The old man kept many animals like dogs, pigs and cats. 这位老人养了许多动物，像狗、猪、还有猫等。（4）经营，管理

e.g. He kept a hotel in this city. 在这座城市里，他开了一家旅店。 She is good at keeping house. 她擅长管理家务。（5）保守（秘密），记（日记、帐） e.g. All of the people keep the Spring Festival in our country. 我国所有的人都庆祝春节。 Some of them keep birthdays. 他们中有些人庆祝生日。（7）使……处于某种状态（情况）在这种情况下，keep常跟复合结构（keep＋宾语＋补语）。用作宾语补足语常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。 e.g. He kept me waiting for half an hour. 他让我等了半个小时。 Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 少说话，多观察。 The doctor kept me in for a week. 医生一周没让我出去。 He always keeps his books in good order. 他总是把书放得整整齐齐。 B、用作不及物动词（1）保持、继续（处于某种状态）（keep为连系动词）

with用法小结

with用法小结一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意

keep的用法

用作动词(v.) keep about〔around〕1( v.+adv. ) 1. 继续履行职责go on with one's duties keep about〔around〕 She is very ill, but she still keeps about. 她虽然病得很重,但仍然继续工作。 2. 使手边常有have sth always present keep sth ? about〔around〕 I like to keep a few envelopes around in case I need them.我喜欢手边常有几个信封,以应不时之需。 keep about〔around〕2 ( v.+prep. ) keep abreast of( v.+adv.+prep. ) keep after( v.+prep. ) keep aloof( v.+adv. )

keep apart( v.+adv. ) keep at( v.+prep. ) keep away( v.+adv. ) keep away from( v.+adv.+prep. ) keep back( v.+adv. ) keep behind1( v.+adv. ) keep behind2 ( v.+prep. ) keep by1( v.+adv. ) keep by2( v.+prep. ) keep down( v.+adv. ) keep for( v.+prep. ) keep from( v.+prep. ) keep going( v.+adj. ) keep in1( v.+adv. ) keep in2( v.+prep. )

常见介词用法

常见介词用法： 1）at,in,on在……范围 at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻，接壤 to表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤Hearrivedatthestationatt en. Heissittingatthedesk. HearrivedinShanghaiyes terday. JiangsuliesintheeastofCh ina. RussialiveonthenorthofC hina. FujianistothesouthofJian gsuProvince. 2)above,over,on在……上 above指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与below相对； over指垂直的上方,与 under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 Thebirdisflyingabovemy head. Thereisabridgeovertheri ver. Heputhiswatchonthe 3)below,under在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一定在正下方 Thereisacatunderthetabl e. Pleasewriteyournamebel owtheline. 介词短语组织形式及实例：一、介词+名词形式第一组 byaccident偶然 onaccountof因为，由于 inaddition另外 inadditionto除……之外 intheair在流行中，在传播中

Keep_用法

Keep 用法知多少 keep 是英语中用法灵活的动词之一，用法归纳如下：一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。如： Please keep quiet / silent! 请保持安静！ After the accident, he still kept alive. 这次事故之后，他仍然活着。二、用作实义动词，可表示： 1. 保管；保存；保留。如： Keep the change. 零钱不用找了。 Please keep these things for me while I am away. 在我离开期间，请你替我保管这些东西。 2. 赡养；饲养。如： Does he earn enough to keep himself and his family? 他的收入够养活他自己和他的家人吗？ I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 我在孩提时常常养羊。 3. 经营。如： Her father kept a grocer's shop for a number of years. 她父亲开了几年杂货店。 4. 坚持；继续。后面如接动词，要用V-ing 形式作宾语。如： If you keep (on) practising your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress. 如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。 5. 阻止；阻碍。常用于keep sb/sth from doing sth 结构中，其中介词from 不能省略。如： The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match. 大雨没能阻止他们观看足球赛。 6. 保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。 ①keep + sb/sth + 介词。如：

with的用法

with[wIT] prep.1.与…(在)一起，带着：Come with me. 跟我一起来吧。/ I went on holiday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。/ Do you want to walk home with me? 你愿意和我一道走回家吗 2.(表带有或拥有)有…的，持有，随身带着：I have no money with me. 我没有带钱。/ He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。/ We bought a house with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。/ China is a very large country with a long history. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。3.(表方式、手段或工具)以，用：He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。/ She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。4.(表材料或内容)以，用：Fill the glass with wine. 把杯子装满酒。/ The road is paved with stones. 这条路用石头铺砌。5.(表状态)在…的情况下，…地：He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。/ I finished my homework though with difficulty. 虽然有困难，我还是做完了功课。6.(表让步)尽管，虽然：With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。/ With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。7.(表条件)若是，如果：With your permission, I’ll go. 如蒙你同意我就去。8.(表原因或理由)因为，由于：He is tired with work. 他工作做累了。/ At the news we all jumped with joy. 听到这消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。9.(表时间)当…的时候，在…之后：With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。/ With daylight I hurried there to see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。10. (表同时或随同)与…一起，随着：The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。11.(表伴随或附带情况)同时：I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。/ Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。12.赞成，同意：I am with you there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。13.由…照看，交…管理，把…放在某处：I left a message for you with your secretary. 我给你留了个信儿交给你的秘书了。/ The keys are with reception. 钥匙放在接待处。14 (表连同或包含)连用，包含：The meal with wine came to ￡8 each. 那顿饭连酒每人8英镑。/ With preparation and marking a teacher works 12 hours a day. 一位老师连备课带批改作业每天工作12小时。15. (表对象或关系)对，关于，就…而言，对…来说：He is pleased with his new house. 他对他的新房子很满意。/ The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。/ It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。16.(表对立或敌对)跟，以…为对手：The dog was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。/ He’s always arguing with his brother. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。17.(在祈使句中与副词连用)：Away with him! 带他走！/ Off with your clothes! 脱掉衣服！/ Down with your money! 交出钱来！【用法】1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以，用)，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配，如“用英语”习惯上用in English，而不是with English。2.与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词：with care=carefully 认真地/ with kindness=kindly 亲切地/ with joy=joyfully 高兴地/ with anger=angrily 生气地/ with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地/ with ease=easily 容易地/ with delight=delightedly 高兴地/ with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地3.表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用：With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。/ With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还要快些。4.比较with 和as：两者均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词：He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。/ People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。5.介词with和to 均可表示“对”，但各自的搭配不同，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错，如在kind, polite, rude, good, married等形容词后通常不接介词with而接to。6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等：I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。/ He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。/ He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。/ He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。/ The old man sat there with a basket beside her. 老人坐在那儿，身边放着一个篮子。/ He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。/ He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。/ I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。这类结构也常用于名词后作定语：The boy with nothing on is her son. 没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子。（摘自《英语常用词多用途词典》金盾出版社） - 1 -

常见介词用法

常见介词用法集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-

常见介词用法： 1）at,in,on在……范围 at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁边” in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。 on表示毗邻，接壤 to表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤Hearrivedatthestati onatten. Heissittingatthedes k. HearrivedinShanghai yesterday. Jiangsuliesintheeas tofChina. Russialiveonthenort hofChina. Fujianistothesoutho fJiangsuProvince. 2)above,over,on 在……上 above指在……上方, 不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； over指垂直的上方, 与under相对,但 over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 Thebirdisflyingabov emyhead. Thereisabridgeovert heriver. Heputhiswatchonthe 3)below,under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在…… 下，不一定在正下方 Thereisacatunderthe table. Pleasewriteyourname belowtheline. 介词短语组织形式及实例：一、介词+名词形式

第一组 byaccident偶然onaccountof因为，由于 inaddition另外inadditionto除……之外 intheair在流行中，在传播中 on(the/an)average 平均，一般来说onthebasisof根据，在……的基础上 at(the)best充其量，至多forthebetter好转，改善onboard在船(车、飞机)上 outofbreath喘不过气来 onbusiness因公，因事 inanycase无论如何，总之 incaseof假使，万一 incase假如，以防 (万一)免得 innocase决不第二组 bychance偶然，碰巧 incharge(of)负责，主管 (a)roundtheclock昼夜不停地 incommon共用，共有，共同 inconclusion最后，总之 onconditionthat 在……条件下 inconfidence信任 inconnectionwith/to 关于 inconsequence因此，结果 inconsequenceof由于……的缘故 onthecontrary反之，正相反 incontrastwith/to 与……成对照 outofcontrol失去控制

中考英语keep用法归纳

Keep用法归纳在人教版初中英语教材中，keep是要求学生必须掌握的四会词之一，现将其多见用法归纳小结如下，以利于大家正确地使用该词。一、用作及物动词 1.意为“保存；保留；保持；保守“。如： Could you keep these letters for me, please?你能替我保存这些信吗？ I“ll keep a seat for you.我给你留个座位。 It can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer.在炎夏的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉类长时间保鲜。 Can you keep a secret?你能保守秘密吗？ 2.意为“照顾；养活“等。如： She kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病时，她照看她了一个星期。 I have a family to keep.我得养活一家人。 3.意为“留下；不必还“。如： You can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜欢就把钢笔留下吧。 Keep the change.不用找零钱了。 4.意为“遵守；维护“。如： Everyone must keep the rules.人人必须遵守规章制度。 The teacher is keeping order in class.老师正在课堂上维持秩序。 5.意为“售；卖“。如： The shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的东西应有尽有。

With复合结构的用法小结

With复合结构的用法小结 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。一、with结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。下面分别举例： 1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard，shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）二、with结构的用法在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如： 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。例如：With him taken care of，we felt quite relieved.（欣慰）→（He was taken good care of.）She fell asleep with the light burning. →（The light was burning.）With her hair gone，there could be no use for them. →（Her hair was gone.） 2. 在with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，则该用宾格代词。例如：He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明： 1. with结构在句子中的位置：with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在

incase用法小结

in case用法小结原题如下： 1. John may phone tonight．I don't want to go out ____ he phones．（NMET 2000，春季） A．as long as B．in order that C．in case D．so that 2．I should stay in the hotel all day _____ there is news of the missing child．NMET 2000上海春季） A．in case B．no matter C．in any case D．even since 3．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some ____ ．（NMET 2000）A．at last B．in case C．once again D．in time 以上三题答案尽管相同，但in case在三题中的词义和语法职能并不一样，其用法使人困惑。今不揣浅陋，将以上三种用法以及与in case相关的几个短语用法，一并试予介绍和讨论。拙文拟分两个部分，先介绍各个短语的词义并列举实例；再讨论各个短语用法特点、同项用法的区别以及可转换为其他句型的用法。（一）in case作短语连词，能引导状语从句。就其词义和语法职能来分，可引导两种从句。其一：in case ／just in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，以备，以防”等解。如： He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns．他带了手电筒，以备天黑以后回家之用。 I've bought a chicken in case your mother stays to lunch．我买来一只童子鸡，以备你妈妈留下吃午饭。 I decided to stay at home just in case my friends came round．我决定留在家里，以防朋友们不期而至。 I'll make some sandwiches in case you feel hungry on the journey．我会做些三明治，免得你在旅途中饿着。 Buy one of his paintings now，in case they get more expensive．现在就买下他的一幅画，以防他的画涨价。 You must be quiet in case the fish are frightened．其二：in case接条件从句，意为“如果、万一”。如： In case we fail，we won't lose heart．万一我们失败，我们决不会失去信心。 Add more coal in case the weather is cold．如果天气冷，就添些煤吧。 In case you get home before I do，could you start preparing dinner 如果你在我之前到家，你能不能动手做饭 In case they're late，we can always sit in the bar．要是他们来晚了，我们总可以在酒吧里坐一坐。 In case you were thinking I'd lend any money，I'll tell you now—I won't．如果你以往认为我总是借钱给你，这回对你说明白：我不借。 Little Melanie，in case you've forgot- ten，hasn't forgiven you．如果你忘记了，小梅兰妮是不会原谅你的。（二）in case作副词性短语，常置于句末，表示事先准备或预防的措施，作“以防万一”解。如： She ought to be there in case．他应在那儿等着，以防万一。