C语言第8章习题及答案

第八章

用一个数组存放图书信息，每本书是一个结构，包括下列几项信息：书名、作者、出版年月、借出否，试写出描述这些信息的说明，并编写一个程序，读入若干本书的信息，然后打印出以上信息。#include <>

typedef struct

{

char Name[20];

char Author[20];

int Date_Year;

int Date_Month;

int loaned;

} BOOK;

#define N 10

void main()

{

BOOK books[N];

int i;

for (i=0;i

{

printf("Input Book's Name:");

gets(books[i].Name);

printf("Input Book's Author:");

gets(books[i].Author);

printf("Input Book's Year of Publishing:");

scanf("%d",&books[i].Date_Year);

printf("Input Book's Month of Publishing:");

scanf("%d",&books[i].Date_Month);

printf("Input Book's Status, 1-Loaned, 2-Keepin:");

scanf("%d",&books[i].loaned);

}

for (i=0;i

{

printf("Book: %s, Author: %s, Publishing:%d-%d, Status:%d\n", books[i].Name, books[i].Author, books[i].Date_Year, books[i].Date_Month, books[i].loaned);

}

}

编写一个函数，统计并打印所输入的正文中的各个英文单词出现的次数，并按次数的递减顺序输出。#include <>

#include <>

typedef struct

{

char s[20];

int count;

} WORD;

#define N 100

WORD words[N]={0};

int word_count=0;

int IsSeparator(char c)

{

if ( 'A'<=c && c<='Z' ||

'a'<=c && c<='z' ||

'0'<=c && c<='9' ||

'_'==c ||

'-'==c)

return 0;

else

return 1;

}

void AddWord(char *s)

{

int i,found=0;

char ss[20];

for(i=0;*s && !IsSeparator(*s);s++,i++) ss[i]=*s;

ss[i]=0;

for (i=0;i

if (strcmp(ss, words[i].s)==0)

{

found=1;

break;

}

if (found==0)

{

words[word_count].count=1;

strcpy(words[word_count].s, ss);

word_count++;

}

else

{

words[i].count++;

}

}

void func(char *s)

{

int i,j,t;

char c,lc;

WORD temp;

lc=*s;

if (!IsSeparator(lc))

AddWord(s);

for (i=1;c=*(s+i);i++)

{

if (!IsSeparator(c) && IsSeparator(lc))

AddWord(s+i);

lc=c;

}

for (i=0;i

{

t=i;

for(j=i+1;j

if (words[t].count

t=j;

if (i!=t)

{

temp=words[t];

words[t]=words[i];

words[i]=temp;

}

}

for (i=0;i

{

printf("%s : %d \n", words[i].s, words[i].count);

}

}

void main()

{

char *s="Every C program has a primary main function that must be named main";

func(s);

}

有10个学生，每个学生的数据包括学号、姓名和三门课的成绩。用键盘输入10个学生的数据，要求打印出每个学生三门课的平均成绩，以及最高分的学生的数据（学号、姓名、三门课的成绩和平均分数）。

#include <>

#include <>

typedef struct

{

char name[20];

char sno[20];

int score_1;

int score_2;

int score_3;

double score_all;

} STUDENT;

#define N 10

STUDENT students[N]={0};

void main()

{

int i,max;

for (i=0;i

{

printf("Input #%d Student's Name:");

scanf("%s",students[i].name);

printf("Input #%d Student's SNO:");

scanf("%s",students[i].sno);

printf("Input #%d Student's Score_1:");

scanf("%d",&students[i].score_1);

printf("Input #%d Student's Score_2:");

scanf("%d",&students[i].score_2);

printf("Input #%d Student's Score_3:");

scanf("%d",&students[i].score_3);

students[i].score_all=students[i].score_1+students[i].score_2+students[i].s core_3;

}

max=0;

for(i=0;i

{

printf("%s %s %d %d %d %lf \n",students[i].name, students[i].sno, students[i].score_1, students[i].score_2, students[i].score_3, students[i].score_all/3);

if (students[max].score_all

max=i;

}

printf("top = %s %s %d %d %d %lf \n",students[max].name, students[max].sno, students[max].score_1, students[max].score_2, students[max].score_3, students[max].score_all/3);

}

请编程序建立一个带有头结点的单向链表，链表结点中的数据通过键盘输入，当输入数据为-1时，表示输入结束。

#include <>

#include <>

typedef struct __NODE

{

int data;

__NODE* next;

} NODE, *LPNODE;

LPNODE head=NULL;

void AddNode(int data)

{

LPNODE t;

t=(LPNODE)malloc(sizeof(NODE));

t->data=data;

t->next=NULL;

if (head==NULL)

head=t;

else

{

t->next=head;

head=t;

}

}

int Count(LPNODE head)

{

int i=0;

while (head!=NULL)

{

i++;

head=head->next;

}

return i;

}

void main()

{

int n;

do{

scanf("%d",&n);

if (n==-1) break;

AddNode(n);

} while(n!=-1);

printf("Count:%d", Count(head));

}

已知一个链表，链表中的结构为：

struct object

{char ch;

struct object *next;

}

编写函数统计链表中的结点个数。#include <>

#include <>

typedef struct __NODE

{

int data;

__NODE* next;

} NODE, *LPNODE;

LPNODE head=NULL;

void AddNode(int data)

{

LPNODE t;

t=(LPNODE)malloc(sizeof(NODE));

t->data=data;

t->next=NULL;

if (head==NULL)

head=t;

else

{

t->next=head;

head=t;

}

}

int Count(LPNODE head)

{

int i=0;

while (head!=NULL)

{

i++;

head=head->next;

}

return i;

}

void main()

{

int n;

do{

scanf("%d",&n);

if (n==-1) break;

AddNode(n);

} while(n!=-1);

printf("Count:%d", Count(head));

}

说明一个枚举类型enum month，它的枚举元素为：Jan、Feb、…、Dec。编写能显示上个月名称的函数last_month。例如，输入Jan时能显示Dec。再编写另一个函数printmon，用于打印枚举变量的值（枚举元素）。最后编写主函数调用上述函数生成一张12个月份及其前一个月份的对照表。#include <>

enum month{ Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec};

char *ms[12]={ "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct",

"Nov", "Dec"};

void Last_Month(month m)

{

int i;

if (m==0)

i=11;

else

i=m-1;

printf("%s pre: %s \n",ms[m], ms[i]);

}

void printmon(month m)

{

printf("%s val: %d\n", ms[m], m);

}

void main()

{

month i;

for (i=Jan;i<=Dec;i=(enum month)(i+1))

{

Last_Month(i);

printmon(i);

}

}

设有一包含职工编号、年龄和性别的单向链表，分别使用函数完成以下功能：（1）建立链表；

（2）分别统计男女职工的人数；

（3）在链表尾部插入新职工；

（4）删除指定编号的职工；

（5）删除60岁以上的男职工和55岁以上的女职工，被删除的结点保存到另一个链表中。

在主函数中设计简单的菜单去调用上述函数。

#include <>

#include <>

#include <>

typedef struct __EMPLOYEE

{

int sno;

int age;

int sex;

__EMPLOYEE* next;

} EMPLOYEE, *LPEMPLOYEE;

LPEMPLOYEE head=NULL, retired=NULL;

void AddNode(int sno, int age, int sex)

{

LPEMPLOYEE t,p;

t=(LPEMPLOYEE)malloc(sizeof(EMPLOYEE));

t->sno=sno;

t->age=age;

t->sex=sex;

t->next=NULL;

if (head==NULL)

head=t;

else

{

p=head;

while(p->next)

p=p->next;

p->next=t;

}

}

void CountSex(int *pmale, int *pfemale) {

int i=0,j=0;

LPEMPLOYEE p;

p=head;

while (p)

{

if (p->sex==1)

i++;

else

j++;

p=p->next;

}

*pmale= i;

*pfemale= j;

}

void DeleteBySno(int sno)

{

LPEMPLOYEE p,t=NULL;

p=head;

while(p)

{

if (p->sno==sno)

{

if (p==head)

head=p->next;

else

t->next=p->next;

free(p);

}

t=p;

p=p->next;

}

}

void DeleteByAge(int age1, int age2)

{

LPEMPLOYEE p,t=NULL;

p=head;

while(p)

{

if (p->sex==1 && p->age> age1 ||

p->sex==2 && p->age> age2)

{

if (p==head)

head=p->next;

else

t->next=p->next;

if (retired==NULL)

retired=p;

else

{

p->next=retired;

retired=p;

}

}

t=p;

p=p->next;

}

}

void func1()

{

AddNode(1,30,1);

AddNode(2,65,1);

AddNode(3,40,2);

AddNode(4,30,2);

AddNode(5,56,2);

}

void func2()

{

int i,j;

CountSex(&i, &j);

printf("Male:%d, Female:%d\n",i,j); }

void func3()

{

int sno, sex, age;

printf("Input Sno Age Sex(1:male, 2:female):");

scanf("%d %d %d", &sno, &age, &sex);

AddNode(sno, age, sex);

}

void func4()

{

int sno;

printf("Input Sno to Delete:");

scanf("%d", &sno);

DeleteBySno(sno);

}

void func5()

{

DeleteByAge(60, 55);

}

void main()

{

char c;

do{

//clrscr();

printf("1---func1 \n");

printf("2---func2 \n");

printf("3---func3 \n");

printf("4---func4 \n");

printf("5---func5 \n");

c=getch();

switch (c)

{

case '1':func1();break;

case '2':func2();break;

case '3':func3();break;

case '4':func4();break;

case '5':func5();break;

}

printf("Press any key to continue, Press 'N'or'n' to Exit\n");

c=getch();

}while (!(c=='N'||c=='n'));

}