小学六年级英语一般过去时的用法现在进行时

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一般过去时的用法

一、概念

表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the day before yesterday(前天),last night,last week,last month,last year,a moment ago(刚才),just now(刚才),two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。

如:I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。

四、动词过去式的构成规律

(一)规则动词的过去式

1.一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed;look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited

2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d;live→lived use→used

3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,先将y 改为i ,再加–ed;study→studied, tr y→t ried fly→flied

4.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加–ed。stop→stopped plan→planned, prefer→preferred

(二)不规则动词的过去式

1.改变动词中的元音;begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoke take→took wri te→wrote get→got

2.变词尾的–d 为–t ;build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent

3.与动词原形一样;cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut

4.变-ay 为-aid (少数动词);say→said pay→paid lay→laid

5.采用不同词根;sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought

6.其他。am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did

五、加“-ed”后的读音方法

1.ed加在清辅音后面读/t/。finished /-t/ help /-t/ asked /-t/

2.ed加在浊辅音或元音结尾的,读/d/。played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/

3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面,读/id/。wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/

六、句式变化

(一)一般过去时的一般疑问句

1.把was, were放在句首,其余位置不变。由Was…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定答为:Yes,… was. 否定回答为:No,…. wasn’t. 由Were…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为:Yes,… were. 否定回答为:No,… weren’t.

如:(1)I was born in Shanghai. →Were you born in Shanghai?→Yes, I was. (肯定回答) →No, I wasn’t. (否定回答) (2)They were in Li Yan’s home last night. →Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?

→Yes, they were. (肯定回答) →No, they weren’t. (否定回答)

2.在行为动词的句子中,要用助动词词did来引导,其余的语序不变。要注意的是,要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为:Yes, …did. 否定回答:No, …didn’t.

如:John played computer games last night.→Did John play computer games last night?

→Yes, he did. (肯定回答) →No, he didn’t. (否定回答)

(二)一般过去时的否定句

1.在表示过去存在的状态的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。

如:(1)He was in the park the day before yesterday.→He was not in the park the day before yesterday.

(2)We were busy last week.→We were not busy last week.

2.在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中,要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即:didn’t + 动词原形。

如:(1)She played the violin last night.→She didn’t play the violin last night.

(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.→They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.

(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句

1.What did …?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情,注意要把过去式改为动词原形。)

We ate Chinese food last night.→What did we eat last night?

2.Where did ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)

They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.→Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?

3.Who + 动词过去式…?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)

Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend. →Who climbed mountains last weekend?

二、句子结构

1.在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过式was,were构成。

如:(1)I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。(2)We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。

2.在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词的过去式构成。

如:I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。

3.各种句式

(1)一般过去时的肯定陈述句:主语+动词过去式+宾语或表语。

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