水利英语词汇

《水利水电工程技术术语标准》（七）

由WESTBANK根据中华人民共和国水利部能源部联合发布的《水利水电工程技术术语标准》整理

施工总平面布置Construction general layout

施工总平面布置(施工总体布置) construction general layout

施工组织Consruction Programming

施工组织设计construction planning

施工坐标系（建筑坐标系）construction coordinate system

湿化变形soaking deformation

湿润比percentage of wetted area

湿润灌溉wetting irrigation

湿室型泵房wet-pit type pump house

湿陷变形系数soaking deformation coefficient

湿陷起始压力initial collapse pressure

湿陷系数(湿陷变形系数) coefficient of collapsibility

湿周wetted perimeter

十字板剪切试验vane shear test

石袋honeycomb

时均流速time average velocity

时均能量time average energy

时效硬化(老化) age hardening (ageing)

时针式喷灌系统(中心支轴自走式系统) central pivot sprinkler system

实测放大图surveyed amplification map

实腹柱solid column

实际材料图primitive data map

实时接线分析real time connection analysis

实时控制real-time control

实时数据和实时信息real time data and real time information

实体坝solid dike

实体重力坝solid gravity dam

实物工程量real work quantity

实验站experimental station

实用堰practical weir

示流信号器liquid-flow annunciator

示坡线slope indication line

示误三角形error triangle

示踪模型tracer model

事故failure (accident)

事故备用容量reserve capacity for accident

事故低油压tripping lower oil pressure

事故音响信号emergency signal (alarmsignal)

事故运行方式accident operation mode

事故闸门emergency gate

事故照明accident lighting

事故照明切换屏accident lighting change-over panel

势波potential wave

势流potential flow

势能potential energy

势涡(自由涡) potential vortex

视差parallax

视差法测距（基线横尺视差法）subtense method with horizontal staff 视差角parallactic angle

视准线法collimation line method

视准轴（照准轴）coolimation axis

试验处理treatment of experiment

试验端子test terminal

试验项目Testing item

试验小区experimental block

试运行test run

收敛测量convergence measurement

收敛约束法convergence-confinement method

收缩断面vena-contracta

收缩缝(温度缝) contraction joint (temperature joint)

收缩水深contracted depth

手动[自动]复归manual [automatic] reset

手动[自动]准同期manual [automatic] precise synchronization

手动调节manual regulation

手动控制manual control

手动运行manual operation

手工电弧焊manual arc welding

首曲线（基本等高线）standard contour

首子午线（本初子午线，起始子午线）prime meridian

受油器oil head

枢纽布置layout of hydroproject

疏浚dredging

输电系统transmission system

输电线transmission line

输入功率试验input test

输沙量sediment runoff

输沙率sediment discharge

输水钢管steel pipe for water conveyance

输水沟conveyance ditch

输水建筑物water conveyance structure

输水渠道water conveyance canal

鼠道mole drains

鼠道犁mole plough

鼠笼型感应电动机squirrel cage induction motor

竖井定向测量shaft orientation survey

竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine

竖井联系测量shaft connection survey

竖井排水drainage well

竖井式进水口shaf tintake

竖轴弧形闸门radial gate with vertic alaxes

数字地面模型digital terrain model（DTM）

数字化测图digitized mapping

数字通信digital communication

数字图像处理digital image processing

数字仪表digital instrument

甩负荷load dump (load rejection,load shutdown)

甩负荷试验load-rejection test (load-shutdowntest)

双层布置double storey layout

双调节调速器dual-regulation governor

双扉闸门double-leaf gate

双回线double-circuit line

双击式水轮机cross flow turbine,Banki turbine

双极高压直流系统bipolar HVDC system

双金属标bimetal bench mark

双列布置double row layout

双母线接线double-bus connection

双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam

双曲拱渡槽double curvature arch aqueduct

双室式调压室double-chamber surge shaft

双吸式离心泵double-suction pump

双向挡水人字闸门bidirectional retaining mitre gate

水泵[水泵水轮机的水泵工况]的反向最大稳态飞逸转速steady state reverse runaway speed of pump

水泵比转速specific speed of pump

水泵并联扬程曲线head curve of parallel pumping system

水泵参数与特性Parameters and characteristics of pump

水泵串联扬程曲线head curve of series pumping system

水泵的最大[最小]输入功率maximum[minimum] input power of pump

水泵电动机机组Motor-pump unit

水泵反常运行pump abnormal operating

水泵工况(抽水工况) pump operation

水泵工作点(水泵工况点) pump operating point

水泵供水water feed by pump

水泵机械效率mechanical efficiency of pump

水泵机组pump unit

水泵类型Classification of pumps

水泵零部件Components of pumps

水泵流量pump discharge

水泵容积效率volumetric efficiency of pump

水泵输出功率output power of pump

水泵输入功率(水泵轴功率) input power of pump

水泵水力效率hydraulic efficiency of pump

水泵水轮机Pump-turbine

水泵无流量输入功率no-discharge power of pump

水泵效率pump efficiency

水泵扬程(水泵总扬程) total head of pump

水泵站Pumping Station

水泵装置pump system

水锤(水击) water hammer

水锤泵站hydrauli cram pump station

水锤波(水击波) wave of water hammer

水锤波波速wave velocity of water hammer

水电站Hydroelectric Station

水电站(水力发电站) Hydroelectric station (hydroelectric power station)

水电站保证出力firm power, firm output

水电站厂房(发电厂房) power house

水电站厂房的类型Types of power house of hydroelectric station

水电站出力power output of hydropower station

水电站出力和发电量Power and energy output of hydropower station

水电站的水头、流量、水位Waterhead, discharge, water lever of hydropower station 水电站发电成本generation cost of hydropower station

水电站发电量energy output of hydropower station

水电站建筑物hydroelectric station structure

水电站经济指标Economie index of hydropower station

水电站类型Types of hydroelectric station

水电站引用流量quotative discharge of hydropower station

水电站装机容量installed capacity of hydropower station

水电站自动化automation of hydroelectric station

水跌hydraulic drop

水动力学Hydrodynamics

水斗bucket

水斗式水轮机(贝尔顿式水轮机) pelton turbine

水工建筑物hydraulic structure

水工建筑物的类别及荷载Classification and load of hydraulic structures

水工建筑物级别grade of hydraulic structure

水工金属结构及安装Metal Structures and Their Installation

水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel

水工隧洞Hydraulic tunnels

水工隧洞构造Components of hydraulic tunnel

水工隧洞类型Classification of hydraulic tunnels

水管冷却pipe cooling

水柜water pool

水环真空泵liquid ring pump

水灰比water-cement ratio

水窖(旱井) water callar(dry wall)

水静力学Hydrostatics

水库并联运用operation of parallel-connected resertvoir

水库测量reservoir survey

水库串联运用operation of serial-connected reservoirs

水库调度reservoir operation

水库调度图graph of reservoir operation

水库回水变动区fluctuating back water zone of reservoir

水库浸没reservoir immersion

水库控制缓洪controlled flood retarding

水库库底清理cleaning of reservoir zone

水库泥沙Reservoir sediment

水库泥沙防治Prevention of sediment

水库年限ultimate life of reservoir

水库渗漏reservoir leakage

水库水文测验reservoir hydrometry

水库塌岸bank ruin of reservoir

水库特征库容Characteristic capacity of reservoir

水库特征水位Characteristic level of reservoir

水库泄空排沙sediment releasing by emptying reservoir

水库蓄清排浑clear water impounding and muddy flow releasing

水库淹没补偿compensation for reservoir inundation

水库淹没处理Treatment of reservoir inundation

水库淹没处理范围treatment zone of reservoir inundation

水库淹没界线测量reservoir inundation line survey

水库淹没区zone of reservoir inundation

水库淹没实物指标material index of reservoir inundation

水库异重流density current in reservoir

水库异重流排沙sediment releasing by density current

水库诱发地震reservoir induced earthquake

水库淤积Sediment deposition in reservoir

水库淤积测量reservoir accretion survey

水库淤积极限limit state of sediment deposition in reservoir

水库淤积平衡比降equilibrium slope of sediment deposition in reservoir 水库淤积上延(翘尾巴) upward extension of reservoir deposition

水库淤积纵剖面longitudinal profile of deposit in reservoir

水库滞洪排沙flood retarding and sediment releasing

水库自然滞洪free flood retarding

水冷式空压机water-cooled compressor

水力半径hydraulic radius

水力冲填hydraulic excavation and filling

水力冲填坝hydraulic fill dam

水力冲洗式沉沙池hydraulic flushing sedimentation basin

水力粗糙度hydraulic roughness

水力粗糙区hydraulic roughness region

水力共振hydraulic resonance

水力光滑区hydraulic smooth

水力机械Hydraulic Machinery

水力机械与电气设备HYDRAULIC MACHINERY AND ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT 水力机组hydropower unit

水力机组测试Measurement and test for hydropower unit

水力机组的安装和试运行Installation and starting operation of hydropower unit

水力机组调节系统Regulating system of hydropower unit

水力机组辅助系统Auxiliary system for hydropower unit

水力开挖hydraulic excavation

水力坡降(水力比降) hydraulic slope (energy gradient)

水力破裂法(水力致裂法) hydro fracturing method

水力侵蚀(水蚀) water erosion

水力学Hydraulics

水力要素(水力参数) hydraulic elements

水力指数hydraulic exponent

水力自动闸门hydraulic operating gate

水力最优断面optimal hydraulic cross section

水利工程经营管理management and administration of water project

水利计算Computation of water conservancy

水利区划zoning of water conservancy

水利枢纽hydroproject

水利水电工程等别rank of hydroproject

水利水电工程规划PLANNING OF HYDROENGINEERING

水利水电工程技术术语标准Standard of Technical Terms on Hydroengineering

水利水电工程勘测SURVEY AND INVESTIGATION FOR HYDROENGINEERING 水利水电工程施工CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING

水量分布曲线water distribution curve

水流动力轴线(主流线) dynamic axis of flow

水流连续方程continuity equation of flow

水流流态State of flow

水流阻力和能头损失Flow resistance and head loss

水轮泵站turbine-pump station

水轮发电机Hydraulic generator

水轮发电机hydraulic turbine-driven synchronous generator (hydro-generator)

水轮发电机组Hydraulic turbine-generator unit

水轮发电机组hydraulic turbine-generator unit

水轮机hydraulic turbine,water turbine

水轮机[水泵]额定流量rated discharge of turbine[pump]

水轮机安装Installation of hydraulic turbine

水轮机安装高程setting of turbine

水轮机保证出力guaranteed output of turbine

水轮机比转速specific speed of turbine

水轮机参数和特性Turbine parameters and turbine characteristics

水轮机层turbine storey (turbine floor)

水轮机的机械效率mechanical efficiency of turbine

水轮机的容积效率volumetric efficiency of turbine

水轮机的水力效率hydraulic efficiency of turbine

水轮机调节系统turbine regulating system

水轮机调节系统静特性试验static characteristic test of regulation system of hydraulic turbine

水轮机调速器turbine governor

水轮机额定输出功率(水轮机额定出力) rated output of turbine

水轮机飞逸转速runaway speed of turbine

水轮机工况(发电工况) turbine operation

水轮机空载流量no-load discharge of turbine

水轮机类型Classification of turbines

水轮机零、部件Components of hydraulic turbine

水轮机流量turbine discharge

水轮机模型试验model test of turbine

水轮机磨蚀与振动Erosion and vibration of hydraulic turbine

水轮机气蚀系数cavitation factor of turbine,cavitation coefficient of turbine

水轮机设计水头design head of turbine

水轮机试运行Test runof hydraulic turbine

水轮机室turbine casing

水轮机输出功率(水轮机出力) turbine output

水轮机输入功率turbine input power

水轮机水头(水轮机净水头) turbine net head

水轮机吸出水头损失suction head loss of turbine

水轮机效率turbine efficiency

水轮机压力管道(高压管道) penstock

水轮机引水室turbine flume

水轮机主轴turbine main shaft

水轮机最大输出功率(水轮机最大出力) maximum output of turbine

水轮机最高效率maximum efficiency of turbine

水面曲线water surface profile

水面蒸发量evaporation from water surface

水能waterpower, hydropower

水能计算hydropower computation

水能开发方式Types of hydropower development

水能利用Water power utilization

水能利用规划waterpower utilization planning

水能资源(水力资源) waterpower resources, hydropower resources

水泥比表面积specific surface of cement

水泥罐cement silo

水泥水化热hydration heat of cement

水泥体积安定性soundness of cement

水平底坡horizontal slope

水平地质剖面图geological plan

水平度levelness

水平沟horizontal ditches

水平阶地horizontal terraces

水平位移工作点operative mark of horizontal displacement

水平位移观测horizontal displacement observation

水平位移基点datum mark of horizontal displacement

水生态学hydrobiology

水头water head

水头损失head loss

水头预想出力expected power, expected output

水土保持soil and water conservation

水土保持工程措施Soil and water conservation works

水土保持规划Planning of soil and water conservation

水土保持林业措施Afforestation measures for soil and water conservation 水土流失Soilandwaterloss

水土流失(土壤侵蚀) soil erosion(soil and waterloss)

水位water stage (water level)

水位、流速、流量Water stage, flow velocity, flow discharge

水位传导系数coefficient of water level conductivity

水位调节装置water level regulator

水位计water-level gauge

水位流量关系曲线stage-discharge relation curve

水位信号water-level indicating signal

水位站water stage gauging station

水文测验hydrometry

水文测站hydrometrical station

水文测站和站网Hydrometrical station and network

水文地质Hydrogeology

水文地质基础Basichydrogeology

水文地质试验Hydrogeologicaltest

水文地质图hydrogeological map

水文调查hydrological investigation

水文分析计算Hydrological analysis and computation

水文观测hydrological observation

水文观测Hydrological observation and measurement

水文过程线hydrograph

水文核技术nuclear technology in hydrology

水文计算Hydrologic computation

水文计算及水文预报Hydrological Computation and Forecasing

水文空间技术space technology in hydrology

水文模型hydrological model

水文年鉴hydrological almanac(hydrological yearbook)

水文频率曲线hydrological frequency curve

水文手册hydrological handbook

水文统计hydrological statistics

水文图集hydrological atlas

水文遥测技术hydrological telemetering technology

水文要素hydrological data

水文预报Hydrological forecast

水文站hydrometrical station

水文站网hydrological network

水文资料整编hydrological data processing

水系(河系,河网) hydrographic net(river system)

水下爆破under water blasting

水下地形测量underground topographic survey

水下混凝土浇筑underwater concreting

水下接地网under water earthed network

水压力hydraulic pressure

水跃hydraulic jump

水跃长度length of hydraulic jump

水跃高度height of hydraulic jump

水跃函数hydraulic jump function

水跃消能率coefficient of energy dissipation of hydraulic jump

水运动学Hydrokinematics

水运动学及水动力学Hydrokinematics and hydrodynamics

水闸sluice (barrage)

水闸类型Classification of sluices

水闸组成部分Components of sluice

水质water quality

水质标准water quality standard

水质监测站water quality monitoring station

水质评价water quality assessment

水质污染Water quality pollution

水质预报water quality forecast

水中起动starting in water

水中起动力矩starting torque in water

水柱water column

水坠坝sluicing siltation earth dam

水准测量leveling

水准点benchmark

水准路线leveling line

水准器分划值（水准器角值，水准器格值）scale value of level 水准网平差adjustment of leveling network

水准仪（水平仪）level

水准仪与经纬仪Leveland theodolite

水资源water resources

水资源规划water resources planning

水资源开发利用Development and utilization of water resources

水资源开发利用water resources development

税金tax

顺坝longitudinal dike (training dike)

顺坡(正坡) positive slope

顺行波advancing downstream wave

顺序控制系统sequential control system

顺直型河流straight river

瞬动电流instantaneous acting current

瞬发雷管(即发雷管) instantaneous blasting cap

瞬时沉降(弹性沉降,初始沉降,形变沉降) initial settlement

瞬时单位线instantaneous unit hydrograph

瞬时电流速断保护(无时限电流速断保护) instantaneous over current cut-off protection

瞬时流速instantaneous velocity

瞬态法finite increment method

死库容(垫底库容) dead storage

死区dead band

死水位minimum pool level(dead water level)

松动爆破loosening blasting (crumbling blasting)

松方loose measure

松散系数bulk factor

素混凝土(无筋混凝土) plain concrete

素图simple map

速动时间常数promptitude time constant

速度环量velocity circulation

速度三角形velocity triangle

速凝(瞬时凝结) quick set (flash set)

速凝剂accelerator

塑料导爆管(传爆管) plastic primacord tube

塑限(塑性限度,塑性界限含水量) plastic limit

塑性铰plastic hinge

塑性指数plasticity index

溯源冲刷[淤积] backward erosion[deposition]

算术平均粒径arithmetic mean diameter

算术平均水头arithmetic average head

算术平均效率arithmetic average efficiency

随动系统servo system

随动系统不准确度inaccuracy of servosystem

随机波random wave

随机性水文模型(非确定性水文模型) stochastic hydrological model

碎部点（地形特征点）detail point

碎裂结构clastic structure

碎屑结构clastic texture

隧洞衬砌tunnel lining

隧洞导流tunnel diversion

隧洞渐变段tunnel transition section

隧洞开挖tunnel excavation

隧洞排水tunnel drainage

隧洞钻孔爆破法(隧洞钻爆法) drill-blast tunneling method

损失容积(死容积) lost volume

缩限(收缩界限) shrinkage limit

锁坝closure dike

锁定装置dog device (latch device,gate lock device)

锁锭装置locking device (checking device)

它励(它激) separate excitation

塔式进水口tower intake

踏面rolling face

台车式启闭机platform hoist

台阶结构面step structural plane

台阶掘进法heading and bench method

坍落度slump

坍落拱collapse arch

探槽exploratoryt rench

探洞exploratory adit

探井exploratory shaft

探坑exploratory pit

碳素钢(碳钢) carbon steel

塘堰pond

掏槽孔(掏槽眼) cut hole

套管casing pipe

套闸(双埝船闸) double dike lock

特大暴雨extraordinary rainstorm

特大洪水extraordinary flood

特高压(特高电压) ultra-high voltage (U.H.V.)

特类钢(C类钢) type C steel

特殊地区施工增加费additional cost for special condition

特殊荷载specia lload (unusual load)

特殊荷载组合special load combination

特性和参数Characteristics and parameters

特性阻抗(波阻抗) characteristic impedance (wave impedance) 特征线法characteristics method

特征斜率characteristic slope

梯段爆破bench blasting

梯级水电站cascade hydroelectric station

梯形堰trapezoidal weir

锑恩锑(三硝基甲苯) TNT (trinitroto luene)

提升式升船机lifting type ship lift

提水灌溉pumping irrigation

提水排水pumping drainage

体积模量bulk modulus

体积压缩系数coefficient of volume compressibility

天然骨料natural aggregate

天然密度(天然容重) natural density(naturalunitweight)

天文潮astronomical tide

田间持水量field capacity

田间工程farml and works

田间排水沟(墒沟) field ditch

田间排水试验experiment for farm land drainage

田间渠系farm canal system

田间水利用系数water efficiency in field

田间需水量(田间耗水量) water consumption on farmland

填埋式管(上埋式管) buried pipe line

填石笼gabion

填筑filling

填筑含水量placement water content(placement moisture content) 生态开发整治工程ecological exploitation and regulation project

南水北调south-to-north water diversion. ?,

南水北调工程divert water from the south to the north project

总规划面积the total planning area

干燥少雨dry and rainless

水系water system

断流discontinuous flow

沙化desertification

污染源pollution source

水源地waterhead area

地下水开采量amount of groundwater mining

供水量service discharge

总体规划general planning

一期工程first phase of construction

总投资gross investment

污水治理工程waste water treatment project

污水处理厂sewage treatment plant

排水管网network of drains

生态防护林ecological shelter forest

总面积gross area

两岸side banks

防洪工程flood control project

导流堤training wall

基础设施infrastructure

路网road net

防洪prevent or control flood

汊河anabranch

跌水drop

河道river course

复式断面compound cross section 现浇混凝土on-site concrete

预制混凝土precast concrete

防渗结构seepage prevention

示意图schematic diagram

自然植被vegetation

绿化带green belt

湿地wetland/marsh

橡胶坝rubber dam