名词语法重点和难点解析(一)
名词语法重点和难点解析（一）
一、能说What a great progress……! 吗
____ great progress he has made!
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
此题应选C。容易误选D, 误认为progress 是可数名词。此题命题者主要考察了两个方面的问题：一是感叹句句型；二是名词progress 的可数性。
感叹句的基本结构是：
(1) How＋形容词/ 副词＋主语＋谓语!
(2) What＋(a / an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语!(主语为不可数名词或复数形式, 其前不用a / an)
英语中除了像air, water, milk, iron等这些中国人一目了然的不可数名词外，还有一些不可数名词很容易弄错。其中典型的有：work(工作), news(消息), luck(运气), fun(有趣的事), homework(家庭作业), advice(劝告、建议), harm(损害、伤害), progress(进步), information(信息、消息), weather(天气), wealth(财富), furniture(家具), luggage / baggage(行李), 等。注意以下正误句型：
误：I wish you a good luck.
正：I wish you good luck. 祝你好运。
误：It's a great fun for us to be with her.
正：It's great fun for us to be with her. 我们同她在一起很有趣。
误：He gave us some advices.
正：He gave us some advice. 他给我们提了些建议。
误：The teacher gave us too many homeworks.
正：The teacher gave us too much homework. 老师给我们布置的家庭作业太多了。
二、名词work 的三种用法
—Where does Mr. Smith work？
—He works in a glass ____ around here.
A. work
B. works
C. working
D. workes
此题应选B。容易误选C, 误认为：因为其前用了不定冠词a, 所以不能选work(因为不可数)和works(因为是复数), D显然是错的。其实此题应选B, work有三个意思很容易弄混：
1. 表示“工作”, 是不可数名词：
He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。
2. 表示“著作”或“作品”, 是可数名词, 但多用复数：
The man gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers. 他通过印刷著名作家的作品而赢得他的财富。
3. 表示“工厂”, 只用复数形式, 但可表示单数意义：
The glass works is[are] near the station. 玻璃工厂在车站附近。
类似地注意以下各名词因变为复数形式, 而导致含义有变化：
green 绿色greens 青菜, 蔬菜
wood 木头, 木材woods 小树林
manner 方式, 方法manners 礼貌
arm 臂arms 武器
water 水waters 河川, 海, 温泉
spirit 精神spirits 心境quarter 四分之一quarters 军营custom 习惯customs 关税force 力气forces 军队
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2018高考英语语法专题名词
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词法大全（一）-- 名词 Contents 可数名词 不可数名词 名词所有格
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动名词的用法英语语法大全
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初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)
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Acronyms Acronyms is a word coined by putting together the initial letters of a group of words. Affixation A word formation approach that attaches morpheme – an affix to a base，which is a word with 1 or more affixes in it. Anaphoric reference前照应A demonstrative determiner with anaphoric reference is more likely to go with a non-restrictive relative clause Cataphoric reference 后照应A demonstrative determiner with cataphoric reference，which goes with a restrictive relative clause Collective nouns These are generally countable nouns，but even in the singular they refer to groups of people，animals or things. Compound A compound，the product of composition，and it is a lexical unit consisting of more than one base and functioning both grammatically and semantically as a single word. Conversion The derivational process whereby an item is adapted or converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. Coordination并列词Realized by coordinators （also termed coordinating conjunctions）which join units at the same level. Countable nouns Nouns that can take plural. Dangling participle:When the subject of participle is not expressed, it is normally to be the subject of the clause. It is usually poor grammar, and sometimes absurd, if this rule is broken: Trying to be quiet, the floor board creaked. But the rule is often broken when the subject is vaguely understood to be “one”, “we”, “you”, people in general. Determiner Words used in the premodification of noun phrase and put before any adjectives that premodify the head word of noun. Dynamic adjectives Many adjectives can also be used in the dynamic sense （be being a.）in predicative position to show subjective measurement or suggest a temporary state，implying the qualities can be controlled or restricted. （e.g. he is being rude） end-focus 尾部焦点under neutral conditions，the nucleus falls on the last element of the sequence as it is common that we process the information in a message to achieve a linear presentation form low to high information value. We refer to this as the principle of end-focus. ellipsis：省略leaves out the redundant/wordy part and do not provide a substitute. Exclamation Express our impression，especially our surprise，excitement，amazement，etc. It doesn…t take S-V inversion.
动名词的用法详解
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一、 名词的分类 普通名词 可数名词 当不可数名词转化为可数名词时，词义常发生变化。 集体名词 专有名词 不可数名词 物质名词 抽象名词 二、 名词的性 1. 在英语中，大多数名词没有性的区别，只有一个共同的形式。部分名词具有性别差异，存在阴性和阳性两种不同的形式。 2. 在具有性别差异的名词中，有些名词在词尾直接加“-ess ”即可构成阴性名词（多数）；有些名词在词尾直接加“-ette ”即可构成阴性名词（少数）；有些名词以“-ter ”或“-tor ”结尾，须将结尾改为“-tress ”以构成阴性名词；有些名词以“-rer ”或“-ror ”结尾，须将结尾改为“-ress ”以构成阴性名词；有些名词以“-der ”结尾，须将结尾改为“-dress ”以构成阴性名词。（①“-ter ”/“-tor ”→“-tress ”；②“-rer ”/“-ror ”→“-ress ”；③“-der ”→“-dress ”。注：少数情况下存在例外） 3. 在现代英语中，对于无性别区分的名词，一般可通过在该词前加 he/she, male/female, man/woman, boy/girl, lord/lady, dog/bitch, bull/cow, jack/jenny, tom/tally, cock/hen, duck/doe, billy/nanny, father/mother, son/daughter 等词来区分性别。（强调尊敬时，可用 lady 表示女性，但只能用单数形式。） 4. 某些外来语中的名词在变为阴性名词时，须接固定的后缀。（Ref.P324<7>） 5. 惯用阳性的名词和惯用阴性的名词： 1) 阳性词：general, lawyer, fellow, lover, soldier, sailor 等 2) 阴性词：nurse, typist, dressmaker, housekeeper 等 3) 拟人化的阳性词：Time, Mountain, Wind, War, the Ocean, Storm, Thunder, Sleep, Winter, Summer, Autumn, Despair, Fear 等（代词用 he ） 4) 拟人化的阴性词：Moon, Spring, Night, Nature, Peace, Hope, Virtue, Truth, the Earth, Liberty, Justice, Fame, Victory, Faith, Humility, Pride, Mercy, Art, Science, Soul 等（代词用 she ） 5) 通常情况下，船、火车、国家、都市均视为阴性名词。 6. man 可以包括 woman ，统指一切人，代词用 he/his 。 三、 名词的数 1. 专有名词的复数形式 1) 有些专有名词变为复数时，仅在词尾加“-s ”即可。 Kansas City → Kansas Citys Mayor Brown → Mayor Browns the two Mr. Smiths, Lord Mayors, Queen Elizabeths （例外：Rockey → Rockies, Sicily → Sicilies ）
杭州市初中英语语法知识—名词的图文解析
一、选择题 1．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many 2．—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A．woman teachers, clothes shops B．women teachers, clothes shops C．woman teachers, sport shops D．women teachers, vegetables shops 3．Look, this is________ bedroom. A．my father and mother’s B．my father’s and mother’s C．my father’s and mother D．my father and mother 4．Those _________ plans for the holiday sound great. How about ________? A．girl’s ; yours B．girls’; you C．girls ; your D．girls’; yours 5．My mother often________when she was a young girl. A．keep diaries B．keep diary C．kept diaries D．kept diary 6．Good food and_______help her_______better. A．exercise; study B．exercise; studies C．exercises; studying D．exercises; to study 7．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 8．Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles. A．tomato and egg B．tomato and eggs C．tomatoes and eggs D．tomatoes and egg 9．—What is your _______, Lingling? —I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night. A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest 10．Thanks for the two _______________you gave（给）to me. A．tape player B．tapes players C．tape players D．taper players 11．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A．some advices B．any advices C．some advice D．advices 12．-Can I help you? -Yes. I'd like__________ rice. A．a small bar of B．a slice of C．a large bag of D．a piece of 13．I share my room ______ a friend of _________. A．to, me B．with, mine C．with, me D．from, mine
2020届高考英语八大语法易错点专题02 动名词 练习(带解析)
2020届高考英语八大语法易错点专题 动名词 一、语法专项 1. I certainly appreciate his ______ (tell)us about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow. 2. These three college students are real heroes because they risked his ______ (lose) their own lives in order to save the drowning boys in the water. 3. I really appreciate your ______ (lend) me the money to help me out. 4. The married couple regularly discussed the life habits they find ______ (annoy) in each other. 5. — What is it that made Peter so happy and excited? — ______ (choose) as a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo. 6. It is a common sense that ______(expose) for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin. 7. Considering his poor health condition,the doctor insisted on ______ (he take) a good rest before going back to work. 8. ______ (expose) to radiation in the laboratory too often caused Marie Curie’s death. 9. The children in Sichuan look forward with hope to ______ (get) a chance to receive further education in their rebuilt hometown. 10. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ______ (promote) when we talked on the phone. 11. Doctors warn people that ______ (control)anger through unnatural methods is much more harmful to a person’s health than the anger itself. 12. — What was it that made Trump happy? — ______ (elect) the US President. 13. Nowadays some parents regret not ______(spend) more time with their kids when they were young.
高中英语语法专题：名词(包含答案)
导学案
【词汇串烧】 Fall in Love with English Hiding behind the loose dusty curtain, a teenager pack ed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk though there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this because he was tired of his parents’ nagging about his English study and did not want to go through it any longer. He couldn’t get along well with English and dislike d join ing in English classes because he thought his teacher ignore d him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never add ed up to over 60. His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood exactly what he was suffer ing from, but entirely disagree d with his idea. In order to calm him down and settle his problem, she talked with him face to face and swap ped a series of learning tip s with him. The item s she set down helped him find the highway to studying English well. The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friend’s words. Now, he has recover ed from being upset and has fall en in love with English. 爱上英语 有个少年躲在积满灰尘的松散窗帘后把大衣装入手提箱。尽管外面正打雷闪电，他仍计划在黄昏时分离家出走。他不得不这样做是因为厌倦了父母对他英语学习的唠叨，不想再忍受下去了。他的英语学习总是无法取得进展，而且不喜欢参加英语课的学习，因为他以为老师有意忽视他。结果，他每次考试的分数合计从未超过60。 他的搭档很关心他，也确切地理解他遭受的折磨，但却完全不同意他的想法。为了使他冷静下来好好解决问题，她和他面对面地交谈，并交换了一系列的学习心得技巧。她写下来的条款帮助他找到了学好英语的最佳捷径。 这个少年非常很感激，并从朋友的话里获得极大的动力。现在，他已经从沮丧中恢复过来，真正爱上了英语。 【词汇点拨】 survey n.调查；测验
英语学习_英语语法详解：名词修饰名词_必备
弃我去者，昨日之日不可留 乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧 英语语法详解：名词修饰名词 现代英语的特色之一，是力求以简单的结构，表达复杂的思维。以名词作修饰语，简称“名词定语”（attributive nouns），便是朝向这目标的手段之一。 所谓名词修饰名词，就是以名词直接修饰另一名词，其作用和形容词相似。例如： Science students; the Clinton Administration; dinner-time; oil industry; Christmas party 等。 下列是名词作修饰语时的语法功能： ⒈代替形容词（或形容词短语）或分词（或分词短语），如： ● country life→rural life ● China-U.S. relations→Sino-American relations ● a launch pad→a launching pad ● cube sugar→sugar formed in the shape of a cube. ⒉代替名词所有格，如： ● good rapport between consumer and producer countries →good rapport between consumers' and producers' countries. ● a proposal for a ceiling on ASEAN commodity imports→ a proposal for a ceiling on ASEAN's commodity imports. ⒊代替介词短语，如：
● a tool box→a box for tools. ● a television programme→ a programme on television. ● apple seeds →the seeds of an apple. ⒋代替同位语、形容词分句或不定式动词短语，如： ● his bank manager son→his son,（who is） a bank manager. ● an ASEAN joint conference report→a report to be jointly made by ASEAN （members）. 上述四种情况是名词修饰名词的常见现象。这情形在报章上出现得更频繁。 最后有一点要注意的是，名词作修饰语时，与同词根的形容词或分词作修饰语，有什么语意上的差别呢？不同在于前者强调内容或职能；后者侧重属性和特征。试比较下面三组句子，以观察其不同： a. labour intensity（劳工密集） b. labouring people（劳动的人民） a. a space rocket（宇宙火箭） b. a spacious room（宽敞的房间） a. an art gallery（艺术馆） b. artistic effects（艺术的效果） a. a history department（历史系） b. a historic relic（历史遗迹） a. riot police（防暴警察） b. riotous police（闹事的／暴动的警察） 名词可以作定语修饰名词，作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。 ⒈材料 a diamond necklace a bamboo pole paper money
(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—名词的真题汇编及答案
一、选择题 1．_____________ mother usually cooks for ___________ at the weekend. A．Lily’s and Nick’s; them B．Lily and Nick’s; them C．Lily and Nick’s; their D．Lily and Nick; their 2．— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King? —No, only part of them. A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’3．—Let’s make a banana milk shake. —How many ________ do we need? A．bananas B．cup of milk C．honey 4．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing? --- It’s less than three ___________ flight. A．How long, hou r’s B．How far, hour’s C．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’ 5．There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A．sports; shoe B．sports; shoes C．sport; shoe D．sport; shoes 6．With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment. A．development; to protect B．developing; to protect C．development; protect D．develop; protect 7．People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest（丰收）on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day. A．Thanksgiving Day B．Christmas Day C．National Day 8．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．9．—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have —________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday. A．a seven-day; off B．a seven-days; away C．seven-day; over D．a seven-days’; off 10．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 11．—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive