英语语法大攻克--状语从句讲解(整理)
状语从句讲解
英语状语从句的用法（I）
定义与用法：
在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一谓语成分的从句叫状语从句。状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句可放在主句之前或之后，放在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开。有时可置于主句中间，前后用逗号。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等九类。
各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：
时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before
条件 If, unless
原因 As, because, since
地点 Where
目的 So that, in order that
结果So that, so…that, such…that
让步 though, although, even if, however
方式 As
比较than, (not)as…as,
一、时间状语从句
时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句。可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多，根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，通常可分为以下几种情况：
A．when, while, as, whenever。
when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。分述如下：1．when
①when (at or during the time that ) 既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。
When I got home, my family were already having dinner.我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。（when表示点时间）
The teacher came in when they were still talking and laughing,.当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。（when表示段时间）
【考例】Don’t be afraid of asking for help ____it is needed.
A. unless
B. since
C. although
D. when
【思路点拨】答案为D此题考查when用作连接词用来引导时间状语从句。
提示：①注意：当when引导时间状语从句时，从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主“将”从“现”）。
2．while
①while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。while通常表示一段时间，主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。在when表示a period of time时，while和when两者可以互换。
She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.她在看报的时候睡着了。（这里的while可换成when）
[考例] _____ I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive.
A．As B．Since C．If D．While
3．as
as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。但它还有一些特定的意义：
①as表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，从句中用延续性动词。as和when两者经常可以通用。
The thief was caught as/ when he was stealing in the supermarket.小偷在超市行窃时被逮住了。（段时间）
I saw Jim as/ when he left the meeting room.吉姆离开会议室时候我看到了他。（点时间）
②as表示“一边……一边……”，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。
They talked as they walked.他们边走边聊。
He looked behind from time to time as he went.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。
③as表示“随着”。
As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。4．when, while, as的用法区别：
简言之：
◆while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。
◆when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。
◆as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。
◆when, while后可以接分词短语。
注意：在下列情况下，三者之间不能完全替换使用：(1) 只有as, when 可以引导短暂性动作的动词。
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 当我停车时，一个男子向我走来。
注意：as更强调同一时间或紧接的一前一后或伴随着的变化。
We listened to the singer sing as he played the guitar.我们听着歌星边弹吉它边演唱。（一边…一边同时）
I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要说什幺。（紧接着一前一后的动作）
As he grew older, he became less and less active.随着他年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。（伴随的变化）
二．条件状语从句：
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：
What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
Don’t leave the building unless I tell y ou to.
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初中英语语法专题讲座——状语从句 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before，as long as（长达……之久） 条件 If, unless,as/so long as(只要) 原因 As, because, since，as/so long as(既然,因为) 地点 Where 目的 So that(为了), in order that 结果 So that（方便）, so…that,such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较than, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 They all continued their regard for me as long as they lived. 他们毕生都在关心着我. 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。 原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 目的状语从句： Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，（为了）你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。
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时间状语从句常由以下连接词引导：when（当……时），as（一边……一边；当…时），while（在……期间），after（在……之后），before（在……之前），as soon as（一……就），since（自从），till(until)（直到……，直到……才），whenever（任何时候），the moment（一……就），no sooner than（一……就），hardly…when… （一……就）等。由以上连接词（或词组）连接的主从复合句中，主句和从句的动作，有的是同时发生，有的是先后发生。因此，要特别注意根据连接词所代表的时间不同，主句和从句的谓语要使用相应的时态。这是掌握时间状语从句的关键。 1. when 和whenever 引导的从句：从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。例如： When we reached home, it was already dark. 我们到家的时候天已经黑了。 When my cousin came yesterday, I was playing volleyball. 昨天我表哥来时，我正在打排球。 When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨的时候，我坐车去学校。 I shall tell her the good news when she comes. 她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。（主从句都表示将来发生的动作，但要注意从句中要用一般现在时，表示将来。） Come to see us whenever you can.你什么时候有空，就过来看看我们。 2. while 和as 引导的从句：while表示“当…过程中”，强调某一段时间主句和从句的动作在同时发生。as表示“当…时”或 “一边…一边”，主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如： Work while you work; play while you play. 该工作的时候就工作，该玩的时候就玩。 While he is reading, he always makes notes. 他经常一面看书，一面做笔记。 She sings as she goes along.她边走边唱。 You will grow wiser as you grow older. 随着年龄的增长，你会更加聪明起来。 3. before 和after 引导的从句：前者一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。后者表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。 例如： I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我来这儿之前，一点英语都不懂。 I had written my report before my mother came back.
英语语法之数词
数词 一、整数的表示法和读法 1. 表示二十以上的十位数，要在个位数和十位数之间加连字符号。表示百位数，要在百位数和十位数之间（无十位数，则在百位数和个位数之间）加and。在美国英语中，and 往往省略。 e.g. I) 73 = seventy-three II) 809 = eight hundred (and) nine III) 269 = two hundred (and) sixty-nine 2. 书写千位数以上的阿拉伯数字，从后往前每隔三位用一分节号。 e.g. I) 1,000 = one/a thousand II) 100,000 = one/a hundred thousand III) 10,000 = ten thousand IV) 1,000,000 = one/a million 3. hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前面有具体数字或several修饰时，不加-s。 e.g. I) The magazine has seven million readers. II) The watch cost two hundred dollars. 不与数词或several连用，可以复数形式出现，表示“数以百计”、“成千上万”等。 e.g. I) Millions of people watched the 2004 Summer Olympics. II) Thousands and thousands of people visit the West Lake every year. III) They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两地来了。 当表示数量的score, dozen等词前面有具体数词或several修饰时，不加-s。 e.g. I) We need several dozen eggs. II) Three score and ten people were present at the party. 70个人参加了这次派对。 同样，当它们不与数词或several连用时，可以复数形式出现。 e.g. I have been there scores of times. 二、分数的表示法和读法 1. 分数中的分子用基数词来表示，分母则用序数词来表示。分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式的序数词。 e.g. I) 1/3 = one third or a third II) 2/5 = two-fifths 2. 1/4和3/4的表示法如下： e.g. I) 1/4 = one quarter or a quarter or one fourth or a fourth II) 3/4 = three quarters or three-fourths 3. 1/2用one half或a half表示。 e.g. I) a half mile/ half a mile II) an hour and a half/ one and a half hours 一个半小时（注意两种表示法中hour 的单复数形式。） 三、小数和百分数的表示法和读法 1. 小数点(point)左边的数字按个、十、百……位读；右边的数字一般分开单个读出，也可以按个、十、百位读。 e.g.I) 14.397 –fourteen point three nine seven或fourteen point three hundred
初中英语语法状语从句-精华版
状语从句 状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： When while as 的区别It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along（沿着走）the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里 如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。 如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。 例如： The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off（从下来）until the bus stops. 【。固定组合里from morning till night，till/until是不能替换的，】 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不应该）go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
英语语法大全之方式状语从句
英语语法大全之方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 1）as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 2）as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如： They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。） 说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如： He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。 https://www.360docs.net/doc/328904765.html, 北京微课创景教育科技有限公司- 1 -
英语语法数词专题
英语语法数词专题 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
数词用法专题 1.百位数和十位数之间，在英式英语中要用“and”连接，在美式英语中一般不用。 例：456：four hundred (and) fifty-six 2. 3.有关“零”的各种说法： zero：一般说法，在温度或数学上使用； nil/nothing：在运动比赛中使用； love：在网球比赛中专用； O（读音）：电话或数学用语； cipher：书面语，指符号而不指数目（有时指温度）。 例：零下 10 度：ten degrees below zero The result of the match was 5:0.（读作 five (goals to) nil） They won 3:0.（读作 three (to) nothing） Our team leads by 10:0 in the first tennis game.（读作 ten love） Dial 110. If you have no children, enter a cipher in the space on the form. The thermometer fell below cipher yesterday. 4.在某些表示概数的习语中（如“成百上千”、“成千上万”等），基数词后要加“-s”。 例：thousands of students millions of children tens of thousands of people 5.hundred of，thousand of，million of 等被 a few，some，several，many 等修饰，表示不确定数 字时，用单复数形式均可。 例：a few thousand(s) of books some thousand(s) of soldiers（单用：some thousands） several hundred(s) of workers（单用：several hundred） many million(s) of birds（单用：many millions） 6.表示“多少人组成一组，几个一起”时，基数词要用复数形式。 例：The students lined in fives. She counts them in eights.
高考英语语法状语从句习题及讲解
高考英语语法状语从句习题及讲解 1. 状语从句的类型 1〕时间状语从句：常见引导词有： when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”. while：常表示延续性动词或状态；while也可表示对比的转折. as soon as：表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生. hardly / scarcely … when；no sooner … than：表示“还没来得及……就；刚……就”. directly, immediately, instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一……就”. the moment, the minute, the second：充当连词，等于when / as soon as. each time, every time, next time, by the time等：也可以引导时间状语从句. since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时.常用句型：It is + 段时间+ since从句，“自从……有多长时间了”. until：常与not连用，表示“直到……才……”；Not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；在It is / was…that / who…强调结构中，须连在一起. 2〕让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although, though, even if, even though, as等. 3〕原因状语从句：常见引导词有： because：常用于回答why, 语气最强；强调原因，常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句. for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明，语气弱. as, since：常译为“既然、由于”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱. now that：表示“既然”的意思. 4〕地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where, wherever等. 5〕目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, in order that等.目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句.不可 置于句首.目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换. 6〕结果状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, so … that, such … that …等. 7〕方式状语从句：由as, as if〔though〕等引导.