基础英语期末试题

基础英语期末试题

FINAL EXAMINATION

An Integrated English for English Majors

I. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper

1.

2.There was a lot of ______at the time about the royal marriage

3.It is required that the speakers should provide ________evidence to support their

argument

4.Several _______ for global warming have been suggested

5.The Worle Health Organization has _______the cause of the illness to an

unknown virus.

6.Over 8,000 pages of evidence were _______ from hundreds and hundreds of

interviews.

7.Given the promises of enormous profit ,the risks seem ________.

8.Do you agree with the critics that the characters in the play are just ______with no

individuality?

9.We often ___________ Jessica’s likeness to Peter’s mother.

10.I’ll need to __________ my Shakespeare before the course stars.

II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(10%)

1.Who can _________ (assurance) me that I’m mistaken?

2.We detected a note of __________ (urgent)in the policeman’s voice.

3.The two presidents signed the union treaty ________ (ceremony) this afternoon.

4.The movie is rated PG, so children under 15 who want to see it had better be

________(company) by their parents.

5.If I _______ (be) you, I ________ (go) to night school.

6.She felt _________ from too much accustomed exercise.

7.The audiences were ________ (thrill) with his stunts.

8.Mrs. Peterson was considered a mad woman partly because of her _______

(eccentric) and partly because of her violent temper.

9.I think it would be _____(appropriate) for you to invite her to a party so soon

after her husband’s death.

10.The foundations was established to help those _______(visualize)handicapped

men and women in the developing coutries.

III. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(15%)

“She said that she would dance with me (1) ________ I brought her red roses,” cried the young student; “but in all my garden there is (2) ________ red rose.”

From her nest in the holm-oak tree the Nightingale heard him, and she looked out (3) ________ her leaves, and wondered.

“No red rose in all my garden!” he cried, and his beautiful eyes filled (4) ________ tears. “Ah, on what little things (5) _________ happiness depend! I have read all (6) ________ the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are min, yet for (7) ________ of a red rose is my life made wretched.”

“(8) _______ at last is a true lover,” said the Nightingale. “Night after night have I (9) ＿＿＿of him, though I knew him not; night after night have told his story to the stars, (10) _______ now I see him. His hair is dark as the hyacinth-blossom, and his lips are red as the rose of his desire; (11) _______ passion has made his face like pale ivory, and sorrow has set her seal (12) _______ his brow. Surely love is a wonderful thing. It is more (13) _______ than emeralds, and dearer than fine opals. It may not be purchased of the merchants, (14) _______ can it be weighed out in the balance for (15) ________.”

IV. Explain the underlined parts briefly in English (10%)

1.If I had to shoot at such close quarters, I wouldn’t miss.

2.They call us “late bloomers,” they call us “returnees”

3.The times could be counted upon for lengthy discussion of cricket and Rugby

Union.

4.The secret is not to brood over you failures, but to accept them as inevitable.

5.I’ll need to brush up my Shakespeare before the course starts.

6.“Children enter school as questions marks and leave as periods,”observes

educator Neil Postman.

7.The god of mirth is paying us back for all those years of thinking fun was

everywhere by refusing to come to our party.

8.Medical experts no longer approve of this method of dieting.

9.To descend to less heroic matters, consider the case of two men, Mr. A and Mr. B,

who hate each other and, through mutual hatred, bring each other to destruction.

10.At the funeral, the sixty-year-old company president told me forty-eight-year-old

widow that the fifty-one-year-old deceased had meant much to the company and would be missed and would be hard to replace.

V.Translation(20%)

A.From English to Chinese. (10%)

①In fact, in order to understand the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization, a man must be deep, broad and simple, for the three characteristics of the Chinese character and the Chinese civilization are: depth, broadness and simplicity.②The American people, I may be permitted to say here, find it difficult to understand the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization, because the American people, as a rule, are broad, simple, but not deep. ③The English cannot understand the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization because the English, as a rule, are deep, simple, but not broad.

④The Germans again cannot understand the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization because the Germans, especially the educated Germans, as a rule, are deep, broad, but not simple. ⑤The French,--well the French are the people, it seems to me, who can understand and has understood the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization best. ⑤The French, it is true, have not the depth of nature of the German not the broadness of mind of the Americans nor the simplicity of mind of the English, -- but the French, the French people have to a preeminent degree a quality of mind such as all the people I have mentioned above as a rule, have not,--a quality of mind which, above all things, is necessary in order to understand the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization; a quality of mind viz: delicacy. For, in addition to the three characteristics of the real Chinaman and the Chinese civilization which I have already mentioned, I must here add on more, and that the chief characteristic, namely delicacy; delicacy to a preeminent degree such as you will find nowhere else except perhaps among the ancient Greeks and their civilization.

①

②

③

④

⑤

B.From Chinese to English.(10%)

1.听到他屡次失败的消息，我感到很难过。(distress)

2.需要更多的志愿者来完成这项辛苦的工作。(exacting)

3.许多英语单词由拉丁语、希腊语和法语派生而来。(derive from)

4.这个公司主要是由刚刚从学校毕业的年轻人组成的。(fresh from)

5.校长十分注重课外活动。他认为，课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的极

大兴趣。(extracurricular)

6.巴西足球明星罗纳尔多(Ronaldo)在2002年世界杯足球赛中射进好几个精彩

的球。(spectacular)

7.假日里，他在海滩上尽情享受日光浴的快乐。(indulge in)

8.我每次遇到他，他总是说一大堆无聊的话(a whole lot of)

9.我将全力以赴在下个月之前完成这项任务，因为我不想有不遵守诺言的污

名。(stigma)

10.如果一个人缺乏实践经验，他仅仅凭借课堂里学的东西是难以使自己成为一

个成功人士的。(deficient)

VI. Reading (20%)

Passage One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

Lead deposits, which accumula ted in soil and snow during the 1960’s and 70’s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.

A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions form the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic（北极的）snow were declining.

In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European. Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate（区分）the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.

In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil

in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.

Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.

The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 20 forest floors in New England. New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990.The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.

Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem（生态系统）respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.

1. The study published in the journal Nature indicated that ___.

A) the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results

B) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increase

C) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected

D) the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow

2. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas

in the US ___.

A) was discouraged C) was prohibited by law

B) was enforced by law D) was introduced

3. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?

A) By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.

B) By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.

C) By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.

D) By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various

countries.

4. The authors of the Ambio study have found that ___.

A) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected

B) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with

C) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the US

D) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions

5. It can be inferred from last paragraph that scientists ___.

A) are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollution

B) feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasoline

C) still consider lead pollution a problem

D) lack sufficient means to combat bad pollution

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.

A is for always getting to work on time.

B is for being extremely busy.

C is for the conscientious ( 勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job.

You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.

Dale Carnegie suggested as much more t han 50 years ago hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable—or unwilling—to play the game.

People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior, says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. But politics derives from the word ’polite’. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.

In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.

The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis, says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature. Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.

6. Office politics (Line 2, Para. 4) is used in the passage to refer to ________ .

A) the code of behavior for company staff

B) the political views and beliefs of office workers

C) the interpersonal relationships within a company

D) the various qualities required for a successful career

7. To get promoted, one must not only be competent but .

A) give his boss a good impression B) honest and loyal to his company

C) get along well with his colleagues D) avoid being too outstanding

8. Why are many people unwilling to play the game (Line 4, Para. 5)?

A) They believe that doing so is impractical.

B) They feel that such behavior is unprincipled.

C) They are not good at manipulating colleagues.

D) They think the effort will get them nowhere.

9. The author considers office politics to be_______ .

A) unwelcome at the workplace

B) bad for interpersonal relationships

C) indispensable to the development of company culture

D) an important factor for personal advancement

10. It is the author’s view that _______ .

A) speaking up for oneself is part of human nature

B) self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery

C) hard wor k contributes very little to one’s promotion

D) many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery

Passage Three

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Brazil has become one of the developing world's great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident that design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Globl, Brazil's most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities. "Although they have never really tried to work in a missage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine. "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behaviour and other values, which were put into a very attractive package."

Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers.” This led to an enormous change in consumption pattern s and consumption was in compatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction.”says Martine.

11. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth_______.

A) by educating its citizens B) by careful family panning

C) by developing TV programmes D) by chance

12. According to the passage, many Third World countries_______.

A) haven't attached much importance to birth control

B) would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate

C) haven't yet found an effective measure to control their population

D) neglected the role of TV plays in family planning

13. The phrase "puts it down to" (Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to "_______"

A) attributes it to B) sums it up as

C) finds it a reason for D) compares it to

14. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil's birth rate because_______.

A) they keep people sitting long hours watching TV

B) they have gradually changed people's way of life

C) people are drawn to their attractive package

D) they popularize birth control measures

15. What is Martine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth?

A) The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.

B) The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.

C) Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.

D) A country's production is limited by its population growth.

Passage Four

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?

Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.

A hero does something worth talking a about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.

Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it c an be used by ordinary people.

The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?

Heroes are catalysts(催化剂) for change. they have a vision from the mountain top. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.

16.Although heroes may come from different cultures, they ________.

A) generally process certain inspiring characteristics

B) probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people

C) are often influenced by previous generations

D) all unknowingly attract a large number of fans

17.According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that ___________ .

A) they have a vision from the mountaintop

B) they have a warm feelings and emotions

C) they can serve as concrete examples of noble principles

D) they can make people feel stronger and more confident

18.Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because _________ .

A) they are popular only among certain groups of people

B) their performances do not improve their fans morally

C) their primary concern is their own financial interests

D) they are not clear about the principles they should follow

19. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who

___________ .

A) are good at demonstrating their charming characters

B) can move the masses with their forceful speeches

C) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships

D) can provide an answer to the problems of their people

20. The author concludes that historical changes would ________ .

A) be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities

B) not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices

C) take place if there were heroes to lead the people

D) produce leaders with attractive personalities

VII. Writing (15%)

Write a composition of 200-250 words in about 30 minutes on the following topic.

TOEFL or GRE

What’s your attitude toward the trend that more and more college student preparing for exams like TOEFL an FRE?