初中动名词用法归纳

Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

动名词的用法及归纳

一、定义

动名词，就是动词后加ing 的形式，即doing sth. 它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做“动名词”。

二、动名词的特征及作用

动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态

和语态的变化。

动名词属于非谓语动词中的一种，所以它不可以做谓语。

动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。

【例题】指出下列句子中动名词/现在分词或动名词/现在分词短语做句子的什么成份：

①Climbing mountains is really fun.

②It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.

③Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

④We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet.

⑤a walking stick

⑥a washing machine

⑦Be careful while crossing the street.

⑧Seeing is believing.

⑨My work is cleaning the house.

⑩Be careful while crossing the street.

三、动名词和现在分词的区别：

动名词：动词的-ing形式，相当于名词在句子中的用法；

现在分词：具有动词的特征，可以表示一个正在进行、主动的动作。

【例题】判断以下v-ing形式是动名词用法还是现在分词用法：

①I see Mary doing her homework now.

②Seeing is believing.

③They are singing.

④Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.

⑤I advice waiting till tomorrow.

⑥I prefer going shopping this weekenk.

四、动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别：

动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。

比较以下句子：

Saving money is a good habit.

To save money is not easy for me.

五、动名词的时态和语态

六、动名词的否定形式：在doing前加上not

七、【例题】变否定式：

①I admit having done this.

②I leave the machine running all day.

七、动名词的复合结构作主语

当动名词有自己的时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构(这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。

注意比较下面两个句子的区别与联系：

I don’t mind smoking here.

I don’t mind his smoking here.

【例题】用适当的动名词形式短语填空：

①（她来帮忙）encouraged all of us.

②What’s troubling them is （他们没有足够的食物）.

* 注意：在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。

【例题】翻译句子（需包含动名词相关形式）：

①介意我用下你的电脑吗

②爸爸坚决要求他的儿子上大学。

③玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。

④他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。

★八、动名词的习惯用法：

1. It is ｛no use（good）/not any use（good）/useless｝+doing，做...没用/不好

It is no use/good making an excuse for this. 为此找借口是没用的/不好的。

对比：It is good/useful to do sth

2. have difficulty/trouble (in) doing，做...有困难

We have great difficulty in solving the problem. 我们在解决这一问题时碰到了大难题。

3.以time为中心的词组后接动名词

①have a good/hard time (in) + doing 过得很艰难/玩得很开心

②spend/waste time doing 花时间/浪费时间做某事

We had a good time playing games together.

On Sunday I always spend a lot of time helping my mother to do housework.

4.Go+doing: 动词go常与一些表示运动或休闲的动名词连用表示进行某项活动。

Go boating / sightseeing / shopping / swimming / skating / climbing 去划船/观光/购物/游泳/溜冰/爬山

5.动词do常与一些表示室内活动的动名词连用表示进行某项活动

do cooking / cleaning / reading / sewing / / shopping / washing做饭/打扫/读书/做针线活/购物/洗衣服

6.下列词组后常接动名词

be good at/do well in擅长于 be busy忙于 be afraid of 担心 be fon of 喜欢

be tired of 厌倦 be worth值得 be interested in(have interest in)对...感兴趣

7. 在allow，advise，permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时用动名词，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟动词做宾语补足语，则宾语补足语用动词不定式。

We don’t allow smoking/ students to smoke here.

8. 后面跟动名词作宾语的一些常用用法：

look forward to盼望; pay attention to注意; devote oneself to献身、致力于; be used to习惯于;

make a contribution to对...做贡献; prefer doing to doing喜欢...而不喜欢...

find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事； practice doing sth练习做某事

finish 完成； keep 继续； mind 介意； feel like 想要； consider考虑 image想象

avoid 避免, practice 练习， consider 考虑等。

9.介词后面跟doing，如before/after/while/without等介词后要跟doing形式（有的是动名词，有的是现在分词）。

【例题】填空：（离开前）, I went to see my old friends there.

10.用于“There be”结构中。例如：

【例题】用动词适当形式填空：There is no （say）like that.没有那种说法。

11. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如：

【例题】翻译：禁止吸烟 .

禁止停车 .

①我不是故意那样做的。

I didn't mean （do）that.

②在伦敦错过一般车意味着再等一个小时。

①We couldn't help （laugh）when we heard the funny story.

【例题】填空：

①I （很遗憾告诉你）that you can’t work here any more.

*类似need doing的用法还有want，require等词，need/want/require+doing, 用主动形式表示被动意义。【例题】翻译句子：

①我的小汽车需要修理。 .

②我需要在两小时内完成这项任务。 .

另外，need作为情态动词时的用法：

need表示“需要”或“必须”，通常用于否定句和疑问句。

【例题】填空：

1．You needn't （do）it again．

2．He needn't （worry）about it．

3．Need he （do）this homework first

4．Need they （fill）in the form

【例题】翻译句子：

①我经常看见他踢足球，昨天下午我看到他正在踢足球。

②我刚才听见那个女孩在房间里唱歌。

continue doing sth.和continue to do sth.

continue doing 与 continue to do sth. 两者均表示“继续做某事”,通常可以互相替换。例如：

He continued asking (to ask ) the same question . 他继续问同样的问题。

初中英语动名词的用法

初中英语动名词的用法动名词，即“动词原形+ing ”变成名词使用，具有双重性，既有动词的某些特征，有动词的各种变化形式；又有名词的某些性质，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。同时也能被副词修饰或者支配宾语。一、动名词的名词的性质 1. 作主语动名词作为主语有以下几种表现形式： 1) 直接作为主语。例如： Taking exercise everyday is a good habit. Finding work is difficult these days. Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. [句中Walking (散步)作为句子主语，直接出现。句意：散步对年轻人和老年人是一项很好的运动。] 2) 用it 作形式主语，真正的主语作为后置主语。例如： It isn't easy trying to climb the mountain. [ 句中It 作为形式主语，动名词短语trying to do sth. 才是真正的主语。] 能用于上述结构的形容词有：better，wonderful ，enjoyable，interesting，foolish ，

difficult ，useless，senseless，worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外，还有一种句型为： It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如： It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构这种句型一般是否定形式，There是引导词，作为形式主语，动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。例如： There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中，动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。例如： No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，可在其前面加上所有格，使之变成复合结构，可作为句中主语。例如：

初中英语语法：动名词的否定式

初中英语语法：动名词的否定式一、动名词一般式的否定式动名词一般式的否定式是将直接否定词not置于动名词之前。如： Not being punctual makes him unreliable. 不准时使人觉得他不可靠。 Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life. 个子不高不是人生中的严重缺陷。 He said he so much regretted not being able to swim. 他说他对不会游泳感到非常遗憾。 Our problem is not having sufficient raw material. 我们的问题是原料不足。二、动名词完成式的否定式若动名词为完成式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。如： Don’t be angry with me for not having written. 我没给你写信请别生我的气。 Excuse me not having answered your letter before. 没有更早回信请原谅。 I apologize for not having kept my promise. 我没遵守诺言向你表示歉意。三、动名词被动式的否定式若动名词为被动式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。如：

He doesn’t like not being taken seriously. 他不喜欢被人不严肃对待。 As far as he’s concerned, it’s not doing something wrong that matters, but not being caught doing something wrong, 就他而论，重要的不是做错事，而是做错事不被抓住。四、动名词带逻辑主语时的的否定式若动名词带有逻辑主语，则否定词应置于逻辑主语之后。如： I’m surprised at your not having noticed. 你竟未注意到我感到吃惊。 I never dreamt of its hurting you. 我没想它会伤你的心。 I depend on your coming at seven o’clock. 我指靠你七点钟来。 They won’t hear of you (r) going. 他们不会同意你去。 They’re looking forward to Mary’s coming. 他们盼望玛丽来。 I understand your not wanting to discuss the matter. 我理解你为什么不愿讨论这件事。 The trouble was their not being able to agree among themselves. 麻烦的是他们自己不能取得一致的意见。 Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。

英语动词用法总结(完整)

英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _____ the discovery of a vaccine (疫苗)of the disease. A．stood for B．called for C．paid for D．contributed to 【答案】D 【解析】短语辨析。A.代表 B. 呼吁 C. 为……付出代价 D.导致。句意：医生开玩笑的说，他自己被病毒的感染导致发现了这种病毒的疫苗。故选D。 2．100．----I have been watching “I am a singer” and Gloria Tang (邓紫棋) is my favorite star. ----- Me, too. Her new album is said to be ______ next month. By then, we , fans, will buy some. A．relieved B．delivered C．produced D．released 【答案】D 【解析】D考查动词。句意：--我一直在看“我是一个歌手”而且邓紫棋是我最喜欢的明星。--我也是。她的新专辑将于下月发行。到那时，我们的粉丝们会买一些。A减轻，解除；B 递送；C产生，制造；D发行，发布。故选D。 3．Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A．sponsor B．launch C．organize D．plan 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。难度中等。【解题思路】该句意为：两位律师捐赠了5，0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动…… A项意为“赞助”，符合句意；B项意为“发射，开办”，C项意为“组织”，D项意为“计划”，都与句意不同。故A项正确。 4．It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ______________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language. A．run into B．bursts out C．yells out D．falls into 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入，碰撞；B. bursts out 爆发；C. yells out 大声说出来；D. falls into落入，分成。句意：当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时，你是非常尴尬的。故选B。考点：考查动词短语的词义辨析

初中动名词的用法

动名词的用法动名词是非谓语动词的一种，它由动词原形加-ing 构成，形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词的性质外，还具有名词的性质。动名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等，但不能用作谓语（故称动名词为非谓语动词）。如： Thank you for helping us. 谢谢你帮助我们。 She’s gone out to do some shopping. 她出去买东西了。一、动名词的句法功能 1．用作主语 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。注意：动名词作主语经常采用it 作形式主语的句型。 It’s no good talking. 空谈没有什么用处。 It’s no use crying. 哭没有什么用处。 2．用作表语 Her favorite sport is skating. 她最喜爱的运动是滑冰。 His job is teaching English. 他的工作是教英语。注意：不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语，区别是：动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念，而不定式则多指具体的、一次性的动作。 3 ．用作宾语 He enjoys playing basketball. 他喜爱打篮球。介词后出现动词时，通常要用动名词形式，不能用动词原形，通常也不用不定式。 Thank you for helping us. 谢谢你帮助我们。 4．用作定语 This is our reading room. 这时我们的阅览室。 He bought a new washing machine. 他买了一台新洗衣机。 Betty won the first prize in the singing competition. 贝蒂获得了歌咏比赛的一等奖。二、与动词搭配的doing 用法有多少英语中，某些动词（或形容词）后只能与ing 形式即动名词连用。 1. keep doing sth 一直作某事 . Keep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left. 开着车一直向前，看见电影院就向左拐。 2. keep on doing sth 一直作某事 . I keep on thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我一直在想着今天下午比赛的事。

初中英语动词用法(全)

初中英语动词用法 A act v. 表演，演戏 act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色，担任某工作 I don’t understand English, so you have to act as my interpreter(翻译)。其他用法：act for 代表某人，代理某人的职位 During her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business. 在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。 add v. (1)加，增加，添加 add sth. to sth. 往...里添加... eg. If the tea is too strong, add some water to it. eg. He added his signature to the petition(请愿书)。 add A and B (together) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10. add to sth. 增加某事物eg. The bad weather only add to our difficulties. 这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。 (2) 补充；继续说eg. “I’ll come here later.’’ he added. add in 包括...在内eg. Don’t forget add me in. 别忘了把我算上。 add up 合计，加起来 add up to 总计达到 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油 afford v. 负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间（常与can, could, be able to 连用） afford sth. eg. I’d love to go on holiday but I can’t afford the time. eg. They walked because the can’t afford a taxi. afford to do sth. eg. They walked because they can’t afford to take a taxi. eg. I have to work hard because I can’t afford to loose my job. agree v. 同意，赞同 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见eg. I agree with you. agree on + 表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agreed on the plan. agree to do sth. 同意做某事eg. We agreed to start early. agree that + 宾语从句eg. She agreed that I was right. 其他用法：agree with sb. (尤用于否定或疑问句) （对某人的健康或胃口）适合 I like mushrooms but unfortunately they don’t agree with me. 我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。 The humid climate in the south didn’t agree with him. 他不适应南方潮湿的气候。 aim v. 瞄准，对准aim at 瞄准，针对 aim at the target 瞄准目标/ 靶子；aim at a success 志在成功 eg. My remarks were not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。 allow v. 允许，准许 allow doing sth. eg. We don’t allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。 allow sb. to do sth. eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。 allow sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进来/ 出去/ 起来 annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气 annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。

初中英语语法动词时态

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