《语言学入门》期末复习题(2013秋) .doc

《语言学入门》期末复习题（2013秋）

I. 选择题

1.（）Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth

B. lips

C. tongue

D. vocal cords

2.（）The theme of Unit 3 is the _______ nature of language in

which the author describes one of the most fundamental

aspects of linguistics.

A. organic

B. symbolic

C. physical

D. phonetic

3.（）According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and

subconcious development of ability in the first language

by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.

A. learning

B. competence

C. performance

D. acquisition

4.（）Using “transfer of population”to refer to the fact that

millions of peasants are robbed of their farms is an

example of ________.

A. the symbolic nature of language

B. language being affected by politics

C. language affecting status identity

D. the metaphoric extension of language

5.（）The organized network of knowledge that helps us to

understand new knowledge is called __________.

A. paradigm

B. hedge

C. aphasia

D. schema

6.（）The location of language skills in the brain is studied by

specialists in the field of ______.

A. psycholinguistics

B. neurolinguistics

C. speech therapy

D. cognitive linguistics

7. （）Which of the following theories is NOT discussed in Unit 9?________

A. the critical period for language hypothesis

B. Linguistic Imperialism

C. the theory of schema

D. long term memory and short term memory

8. （）This course requires a learner to deal with three different

tasks. They are ________.

A. awareness tasks, understanding tasks and analytic tasks

B. awareness tasks, application tasks and analytic tasks

C. understanding tasks, application tasks and analytic tasks

D. awareness tasks, understanding tasks and application

9. （）In the process of abstracting, sometimes we need to classify

an animal into a certain class meanwhile ignoring some

differences. We call this step as ________.

A. bracketing

B. achieving abstraction

C. capturing immediate experience

D. further abstracting

10. （）Speech Act theory was firstly put forward by ________.

A. J. L. Austin

B. Leech

C. Noam Chomsky

D. Clark & Clark

（）11. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for

"correct" linguistic behavior,

it is said to be _____.

A. prescriptive

B. sociolinguistic

C. descriptive

D. psycholinguistic

（）12. Of all the speech organs, the _____ is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth

B. lips

C. tongue

D. vocal cords

（）13. The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television"

is a(n) _____.

A. bound morpheme

B. bound form

C. inflectional morpheme

D. free morpheme

（）14. A _____ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that

introduces the embedded clause.

A. coordinator

B. particle

C. preposition

D. subordinator主从连词

（）15、"Can I borrow your bike?" _____ "You have a bike."

A. is synonymous with

B. is inconsistent with

C. entails

D. presupposes

（）16. The course Language and Linguistics is about_____.

A. one's native language

B. language in general

C. any particular language

D. the main languages

（）17. The physical process of vocalization is studied by people who work in the field of ______.

A. phonetics

B. phonology

C. rhetoric

D. speech synthesis

（）18. In producing the sound /k/ the ______ part of the tongue is used.

A. tip

B. front

C. blade

D. back

（）19. The feature that distinguishes human language from animal language is the_____ of human language.

A. innateness

B. vocalization

C. symbolic aspect

D. functionalism

（）20. A functional analysis of language studies _____.

A. what sort of things language helps us to do

B. how language helps to define national identities

C. how we organize our experience through language

D. how we manage interpersonal relationships through language

II.判断题

1. （）Historical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study.

2. （）The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.

3. （）Talk is the fourth function of language discussed in this

textbook and has been a topic long ignored by linguistic

experts.

4. （）Status and regional identity can be linked to dialect.

5. （）If you’re insincere in expressing congratulations to

somebody, your illocutionary act is flawed.

6.（）Cognitive capacity is relevant to second language learning.

7.（）Abstraction is an extrinsic feature of language.

8. （）Aphasiology studies the handicap of language

comprehension and /or production.

9.（）Naming is an example of a function performed by language.

10.（）In interpersonal contact in China, considerateness is other-oriented.

11. （）Linguistically, "language" refers to spoken language

because language is primarily spoken.

12. （）Most languages use the air flowing inwards.

13. （）In all languages words enter into syntagmatic relations.

14. （）"Tense" is a particular way of recording time. People in the

world all do things connected with time; therefore all

the languages have tense.

15. （）The speech act theory holds that when people say

something, they perform the locutionary, illocutionary

and perlocutionary acts one by one.

16. （）In contrast with a collective culture, the interests of the

group or community are considered of greater

importance in an individualist culture.

17. （）Address terms are equally associated with politeness in

both Chinese and English.

18. （）Gestures are an example of given-off information in face-to-face talk.

19. （）For overseas Chinese, learning spoken Chinese is primary

and more important than written Chinese.

20. （）Reasoning and language are both controlled by the left

hemisphere of the brain.

III. 名词解释

1、duality

2、diachronic linguistics

3、broad transcription

4、morphological rules

5、phrase structure rule

IV. 选词填空（从下面方框中选出可是的词填在空格里）

1. A sentence is a structurally independent unit that usually

comprises a number

of ________ to form a complete statement, ________ or command.

2. In sociolinguistic studies, speakers are treated as members of

________

________ .

3. Utterance is based on ________ ________; it is the realization of the abstract

meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication, or simply in a context.

4. To many people, a linguist is the same as a ________, one who can

speak

several languages fluently.

5. Consonant sounds can be either ________or ________, while all

vowel sounds

are _________.

V. 回答下列问题

1. What are the different dimensions of relations between people in the

society? What is the one dimension important to Chinese but absent in some other cultures? Choose one dimension to give an example.

2. Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language.