贵州省特岗教师招聘考试中学英语真题

贵州省特岗教师招聘考试中学英语真题

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、第一部分：中学英语学科教学内容(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

二、第一节：单项选择(总题数：5，分数：5.00)

1.Advertisements give us ______ about products, such as their prices and uses.

（分数：1.00）

https://www.360docs.net/doc/374079928.html,rmation √

B.news

C.words

D.pictures

解析：[解析] 本题考查名词的辨析。句意：广告能给我们提供很多关于产品的信息，比如它们的价格和用处等。A项information意为“信息、消息”；B项news意为“新闻”；C项words意为“言语、话语”：D项pictures意为“照片”。所以答案为A。

2.—Which shirt will you take, Betty?

—______ The blue one is too long and the white one is too short.

（分数：1.00）

A.Both

B.Neither √

C.Either

D.None

解析：[解析] 本题考查不定代词的辨析。句意：—贝蒂，你想要哪一件衬衫?—两件都不想要，蓝色的太长，白色的太短。A项both表示“两者都……”；B项neither表示“两者都不……”；C项either表示“两者中的任何一个……”；D项none表示“三者都不……”。所以答案为B。

3.During the last Paralympics, all the rooms in the Paralympic Village in Beijing are so designed that they are ______ to the disabled.

（分数：1.00）

A.accessible √

B.available

C.convenient

D.valid

解析：[解析] 本题考查形容词的辨析。句意：上一届北京残奥会期间，残奥村所有的房间都是经过精心设计的以便于残疾人进入。be accessible to意为“容易进入的，容易接近的”；be available to意为“可用的；可被……利用的”；be convenient to意为“……方便的”；be valid to意为“对……有效”。结合语境可知，A项更符合。

4.—Jerry and Lucy must both like movies. I often meet them at the cinema.

—______ is Lucy, not Jerry, who likes movies.

（分数：1.00）

A.So

B.That

C.It √

D.Such

解析：[解析] 本题考查强调句型。句意：—杰里和露西一定都喜欢看电影，我经常会在电影院遇见他们。—是露西喜欢看电影，而不是杰里。本题考查It is...that/who...的句型，所以答案为C。

5.Morn, have a rest please. You ______ in the kitchen ever since you came home.

（分数：1.00）

A.had worked

B.were working

C.have been working √

D.would work

解析：[解析] 本题考查动词时态。句意：妈妈，请休息一下，自从你回家以后就一直在厨房里忙。本题中since在句中引导时间状语从句，从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时的进行时表示动作一直持续到现在。所以答案为C。

三、第二节：翻译(总题数：5，分数：5.00)

6.几经周折，我才在一家金矿找到一份工作。

（分数：1.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.

7.那时这被认为是一次技术革命，也是我从事人工智能研究的开始。

（分数：1.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：At that time, it was considered as a technological revolution and the start of my study of artificial intelligence.

8.到了这个时候，他的餐馆本该宾客盈门。

（分数：1.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.

9.昨天我们见了面，我做自我介绍时，他靠得很近。

（分数：1.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：When we met yesterday, he moved close to me as I introduced myself.

10.事实的经过是这样的。

（分数：1.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：This is how the story goes.

四、第三节：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

Once there was a little girl who came to live in an orphanage (孤儿院). As Christmas time was drawing near, all of the other children 1 telling the little girl about the beautiful Christmas tree that would appear in the hall downstairs on Christmas morning. After their usual 2 , each child would be given their only Christmas gift, a small orange.

The headmaster of the orphanage was very 3 with the kids. So on Christmas Eve, when he 4 the little girl slipping down the stairs to peek (偷看) at the much-heard-of Christmas tree, he 5 that the little girl would not receive her Christmas orange because she bad been so curious as to disobey the rules. The little girl ran back to her room 6 , crying at her terrible fate. The next morning as the other children were going clown for breakfast, the little girl stayed in her bed. She couldn"t 7 the thought of seeing the others receive their gift while there would be 8 for her.

Later, as the children came back upstairs, the little girl was surprised to be handed a napkin (餐巾). As she carefully opened it, there, to her 9 , was an orange all peeled and sectioned (分辨). "How could this be?" she asked. Then, she realized that each child had taken one section from their orange for her so that she, too, would have a Christmas orange. What an example of the true meaning of Christmas those orphan children showed that morning! How I 10 the world would show the same kind of concern for others, not only at Christmas, but throughout the year!（分数：10.00）

A.stopped

B.began √

C.hated

D.avoided

解析：[解析] 句意理解题。句意：当圣诞节来临的时候，别的孩子就开始给她讲述关于美丽圣诞树的故事。所以答案为B。

A.breakfast √

B.lunch

C.dinner

D.break

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。联系下文的“...were going down for breakfast”可知，本题答案为A。

A.patient

B.satisfied

C.angry

D.strict √

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。分析下文，根据校长因为小女孩下楼偷看圣诞树而没有给她发橘子可知，校长对孩子们要求很严格。所以答案为D。

A.caught √

B.took

C.held

D.kept

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。根据下文小女孩受到了校长的惩罚推理可知，此处则是校长抓住了小女孩偷看圣诞树。所以答案为A。

A.noticed

B.declared √

C.explained

D.doubted

解析：[解析] 词义辨析题。句意：他宣布：小女孩将不会收到圣诞节的礼物——橘子，因为她太好奇而违反了规定。notice意为“注意”；declare意为“宣布，宣称”；explain意为“解释”；doubt意为“怀疑，疑惑”。所以答案为B。

A.open-hearted

B.broken-hearted √

C.light-hearted

D.warm-hearted

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。联系上下文可知，小女孩未收到圣诞礼物，所以很伤心。答案为B。

A.stand √

B.understand

C.remember

D.find

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。联系上文可知，小女孩不能收到礼物，所以她不能忍受看着别人收到礼物。答案为A。

A.some

B.none √

C.many

D.one

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。根据上文可知，小女孩没有收到礼物。所以答案为B。

A.surprise √

B.regret

C.sorrow

D.anger

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。联系上下文可知，小女孩本不该收到礼物却收到了礼物，所以她很惊讶。所以答案为A。

A.wonder

B.think

C.wish √

D.feel

解析：[解析] 语境分析题。纵观全文，由孩子们在圣诞节给小女孩送橘子献关爱这件事可知，作者希望人们一直要关爱他人，而不仅仅是在圣诞节这一天。答案为C。

五、第四节：书面表达(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

11.假如你叫李华，是南开中学的一名学生。最近你校在为一批来自加拿大的学生征寻住宿家庭，你有意申请。请根据下表提供的信息用英语给校长写封信，说明你申请的理由。

申请理由

住宿条件宽敞，整洁，环境优美

语言优势擅长英语，父母也懂英语，不会有交流困难

接待经验上个月刚刚接待过两名美国学生

参观游览父亲可驾车陪同参观附近的名胜

其他……(内容由考生自己添加)

注意：(1)文章必须包括所有要点。

(2)字数：100字左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear sir,

I"m writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families for the Canadian students...

（分数：10.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：One possible version:

Dear sir,

I"m writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families for the Canadian students. There are following reasons. Firstly, Our house is large and clean and it lies in a beautiful area of the city, which makes the students live a comfortable life. Secondly, I am good at English and my parents also know some English, therefore, there is no trouble communicating with the students. What is more, we received two American students and we have a great time for all of us. Finally, my father is a great driver, who can show lots of places of interest in our town to the students and I"m sure they will have a glad visiting in our town. Besides, my mother cooks well, who can make them enjoy delicious Chinese food. I hope you can give me the chance to make friends with them. Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours,

Li Hua 六、第二部分：高等学校对应于中学英语学科教学内容(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

七、第一节：单项选择(总题数：5，分数：5.00)

12.As one of the best-known American authors of 20th century, Ernest Hemingway wrote all the following novels EXCEPT ______.

（分数：1.00）

A.For Whom the Bell Tolls

B.The Green Hills of Africa

C.The Sound and the Fury √

D.The Old Man and the Sea

解析：[解析] 本题考查对海明威作品的了解。A项《丧钟为谁而鸣》、B项《非洲的青山》、D项《老人与海》都是海明威的作品，C项《喧嚣与躁动》是威廉·福克纳的作品。

13.The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as ______ in the literary history of the United States.

（分数：1.00）

A.the Age of Enlightenment

B.the Age of Romanticism

C.New England Transcendentalism

D.the Age of Realism √

解析：[解析] 本题考查美国的现实主义时期。A项启蒙时期是17世纪后期—18世纪中期；B项浪漫主义时期是18世纪末—19世纪初；C项新英格兰超验主义兴起于19世纪30年代。所以答案为D。

14.The utterance "We are already working 25 hours a day, eight days a week." is in violation of the principle of ______.

（分数：1.00）

A.quality √

B.manner

C.relation

D.quantity

解析：[解析] 本题考查格莱斯合作原则中的质量准则。质量准则要求说话者不要说自己认为不真实的话，不要说缺乏足够证据的话。题干中“一天工作25个小时，一周工作8天”的说法，明显错误，违背了质量准则。所以答案为A。

15.The semantic components of the word "gentleman" can be written as ______.

（分数：1.00）

A.[+ANIMATE], [+MALE], [+HUMAN], [-ADULT]

B.[+ANIMATE], [+MALE], [+HUMAN], [+ADULT] √

C.[+ANIMATE], [-MALE], [+HUMAN], [-ADULT]

D.[+ANIMATE], [-MALE], [+HUMAN], [+ADULT]

解析：[解析] 本题考查单词的语义成分。单词的语义成分就是把一个词项分解成一组更小的成分，如题中gentleman的语义就可以分解为[animate]、[human]、[male]、[adult]，且在分析中用“+”表示具有此语义特征，用“-”表示不具有此语义特征，所以最后的语义成分为[+ANIMATE]，[+MALE]，[+HUMAN]，[+ADULT]。

16.As a salesman, he works on a (an) ______ basis, taking 10% of everything he sells.

（分数：1.00）

A.salary

B.pension

https://www.360docs.net/doc/374079928.html,mission √

D.income

解析：[解析] 本题考查短语的固定搭配。句意：作为一个销售人员，他按照销售量的10%提取佣金。commission basis为固定搭配，意为“佣金制”。所以答案为C。

八、第二节：翻译(总题数：1，分数：5.00)

17.A police officer in a small town stopped a motorist who was speeding down Main Street. "But officer," the man said, "I can explain." "Just be quiet!" snapped the officer. "Or I"m going to let you cool off in jail until the chief gets back." "But officer, I just wanted to say..." "And I said KEEP QUIET! Now you"re going to jail!" A few hours later, the officer checked up on his prisoner and said, "Lucky for you the chief is at his daughter"s wedding. He"ll be in a great mood when he gets here." "Don"t count on it," said the prisoner. "I"m the groom; he is my father-in-law."

（分数：5.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：一名骑摩托车的男子在大街上超速行驶，警官将他拦了下来。“警官，我……”男子辩解说，“听我解释……”“你闭嘴!”警官喝道：“等长官回来，我让你到监狱里去反省!”“警官，我是说……”“我叫你闭嘴!你等着进监狱吧!”几小时以后，警官给罪犯做笔录的时候说：“你挺走运的，今天长官女儿结婚。他回来心情一定不错。”“甭指望了，”罪犯说：“我是新郎，他是我岳父。”

九、第三节：阅读理解(总题数：2，分数：10.00)

In recent years, we have all watched the increasing commercialization of the campus. The numerous advertising posters and the golden arches of fast food outlets may be an insult to our aesthetic sensibilities, but they are, arguably, no worse than ugly. Some of the other new features of commercialized campus life do, however, constitute a serious threat to things we rightly respect. "Privatization" and the "business model" are the potential menace.

What do these notions mean? To me, they involve an increased dependence on industry and charitable actions for operating the university; an increased amount of our resources being directed to applied or so-called practical subjects, both in teaching and in research; a proprietary treatment of research results, with the commercial interest in secrecy overriding the public"s interest in free, shared knowledge; and an attempt to run the university more like a business that treats industry and students as clients and ourselves as service providers with something to sell. We pay increasing attention to the immediate needs and demands of our "customers" and, as the old saying goes, "the customer is always right".

Privatization is particularly frightening from the point of view of public well-being. A researcher employed by a university-affiliated hospital in Canada, working under contract with a medicine-making company, made public her findings that a particular drug was harmful. This violated the terms of her contract, and so she was fired. Her dismissal caused a scandal, and she was subsequently restored to her previous position. The university and hospital in question are now working out something similar to tenure for hospital-based researchers and guidelines for contracts, so that more public exposure of privately funded research will become possible. This is a rare victory and a small step in the right direction, but the general trend is the other way. Thanks to profit-driven private funding, researchers are not only forced to keep valuable information secret, they are often contractually obliged to keep discovered dangers to public health under wraps, too. Of course, we must not be too naive about this.

Governments can unwisely insist on secrecy, too, as did the British Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food in the work they funded in connection with the bovine spongiform encephalopathy epidemic. This prevented others from reviewing the relevant data and pointing out that problems were more serious than government was letting on.（分数：5.00）

(1).From the first paragraph we can learn that the campus life has become ______.（分数：1.00）

A.more convenient

B.somewhat harmful √

C.rather ugly

D.no more aesthetic than before

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“some of the other new fea tures of commercidized campus life...we rightly respect”可知，本题答案为B。

(2)."Privatization" and the "business model" in this passage most probably mean ______.（分数：

1.00）

A.potential menace to life

B.new trend on campus

C.dependence on industry and charities

D.new features of campus life √

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句可知，“privatization”和“business moclel”最可能指的是大学生活的新特征。所以答案为D。

(3).The author believes that we should pay ______.（分数：1.00）

A.due attention to the public interest in free, shared knowledge √

B.little attention to applied subjects

C.considerable attention to the commercial interest in the secrecy of research results

D.more attention to the immediate needs and demands of our customers

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据“a proprietary treatment of research results, with t he commercial interest in secrecy overriding the public interest in free，shared knowledge”可知，作者认为

不应该践踏公众获得和分享知识的自由。所以答案为A。

(4).The researcher mentioned in the third paragraph was fired because ______.（分数：1.00）

A.she worked for the rival of the company

B.she failed to keep her research results secret

C.she was committed to a contract with a company √

D.she was obliged to keep her discoveries secret

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据“...made public her findings that a particular drug was harmful. This violated the terms of her contract, and so she was fired”可知，她将药物有害公之于众，违反了合同，所以被公司解雇了。因此答案为C。

(5).It is implied in the passage that ______.（分数：1.00）

A.the general public is too naive to accept the "privatization"

B.the notion that "the customer is always right" is out of date

C.it is a general trend that there will be more public disclosure of privately funded research

D.the bovine spongiform encephalopathy epidemic in Britain was more serious than what was disclosed √

解析：[解析] 理解推断题。根据文章最后一句话“这样做可以防止别人检查相关数据并指出比政府所透露的更为严重的问题”可知，D项符合题意。

Justice in society must include both a fair trail to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expressions the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Bible is the expression "an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth". That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offense against society. To make repayment for this offense, society must get equally balanced, which can be done only by imposing an equal injury upon him. This conception of deserved-punishment justice is reflected in many parts of the legal codes and procedures of modern times, which is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who has committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel, who believed that society owed it to the criminal to put into operation a punishment equal to the crime he had committed . The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will eliminate this denial and restore the self that has been denied. To the murderer nothing less than giving up his own life will pay his debt. The demand for the death penalty is a right the state owes the criminal and it should not deny him what he deserves. Modern jurists have tried to replace deserved-punishment justice with the notion of corrective

(改造式的) justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the idea of equal opportunity for each individual to realize the best that is in him. This does not mean that criminals will escape punishment or be quickly returned to take up careers of crime. It means that justice is to heal the individual, not simply to get with him. Therefore, his conviction of crime must not deprive him of the opportunity to make his way in the society of which he is a part.（分数：5.00）

(1).According to the Bible, the concept of equality in justice means ______.（分数：1.00）

A.a criminal must be severely punished

B.a criminal must be given a punishment that is exactly the same as the crime he has done √

C.a criminal must be given a punishment that he deserves

D.a criminal must be pay for his crime with his eyes and teeth

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据“an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth”的意思“以眼还眼，以牙还牙”可知，《圣经》提倡给予犯罪的人应有的惩罚，只有B项符合题意。所以答案为B。

(2).The result of deserved-punishment justice is ______.（分数：1.00）

A.the criminal"s winning of a true life

B.the criminal"s taking death penalty for the crime committed by him

C.the criminal"s denial of his true self

D.the restoration of the criminal"s guilty self to the self before the crime √

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it is necessary to do something that will eliminate this denial and restore the self that has been denied”可知，法律制裁是为了让犯罪分子恢复到犯罪之前的自己。所以答案为D。

(3).In the sentence: "society owed it to the criminal to put into operation a punishment equal to the crime he had committed" the underlined part can be interpreted as: society ______.（分数：1.00）

A.was in debt to the criminal and must put him into operation as a punishment

B.should consider punishment as something it must do so that the criminal can get paid back for his crime √

C.owed the criminal equality and must first show it in action

D.owed an operation of equal crime to the criminal

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。句意：社会有责任让犯罪分子得到应有的惩罚。所以答案为B。

(4).The main difference between deserved-punishment and corrective justice is ______.（分数：

1.00）

A.the latter is for "non-punishment equality

B.the latter hates "an eye for an eye" equality of punishment

C.the latter places the criminal"s equal rights in life above everything else

D.the latter focuses on both reforming the criminal and giving him new opportunities in society √

解析：[解析] 细节理解题。deserved-punishment强调犯罪分子受到的惩罚应该与其犯罪程度等值，而corrective justice重在对犯罪分子进行拯救。所以答案为D。

(5).Compared with the old justice concept, modern law as shown in this passage is ______.（分数：1.00）

A.less vengeful √

B.less effective

C.less just

D.less reasonable

解析：[解析] 推理判断题。根据“justice is to heal the individual，not simply to get even with him”可知，现代法律制裁是为了拯救人们，而不是让人们复仇。所以答案为A。vengeful意为“复仇的”；effective意为“有效的”；just作形容词时意为“公平的”；reasonable意为“合理的”。

十、第四节：写作(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

18.以On Oil Price Increase为题，写一篇长为120—150词的小作文。

（分数：10.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：One possible version:

On Oil Price Increase

In recent years, the international oil price has soared, and it keeps rising. The price rising will have a great effect on the common people"s life.

For one thing, the oil price rising will heavy the burden of people"s life. When the oil price rises, the ticket price of cars, buses and airplanes will go up. And the price of the oil byproducts will also increase. These rising will largely increase the cost of the people"s life and influence people"s normal life.

For another, the oil price changes will affect social stability. As is well known to us, oil is the necessity for the national economy. If the oil price is not steady and keeps going up, the national economy will fluctuate. What is worse, it will cause the social turmoil and make the society unstable.

In conclusion, the oil price rising will increase people"s life burden and threaten social stability. So the government should take measures to control the oil price and make it stable. 十一、第三部分：英语课程与教学理论知识(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

十二、第一节：单项选择题(总题数：5，分数：5.00)

19.按照基础阶段英语课程分级总体目标的要求，《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》对语言技能、语言知识、______、学习策略和文化意识等五方面都提出了相应的、具体的标准和要求。

（分数：1.00）

A.认知心理

B.基本原理

C.目标体系

D.情感态度√

解析：[解析] 按照基础阶段英语课程分级总体目标的要求，《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》对语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等五方面都提出了相应的、具体的标准和要求。

20.一般而言，中学英语单元教材可以分为三大系统，它们主次分明，______是源，作业系统和图表系统是流，三者相辅相成。

（分数：1.00）

A.非文本系统

B.主题系统√

C.知识结构系统

D.文本符号系统

解析：[解析] 一般而言，中学英语单元教材可以分为三大系统，它们主次分明，主题系统是源，作业系统和图表系统是流，三者相辅相成、

21.英语与汉语不尽相同，英语是______。就英语阅读过程而言，阅读首先是个体把文字符号转换为语音码的过程；其次，英语语音与字母或字母组合有着相对的对应关系，其语音操作由语义潜势；其三，Baddeley 的研究表明，语音是短时工作记忆的载体。

（分数：1.00）

A.语言符号系统

B.音节文字系统

C.拼音文字系统√

D.表意文字系统

解析：[解析] 拼音文字是用符号(字母)来表示语言的文字，例如英文和法文；语言文字是指记录各种语言的文字，如汉语、英文、日语、法语等；音节文字是表意文字的一种，一般一个音节对应一个字符，如日语、韩语；表意文字又称形意文字，是一种象征性的书写符号，记录词或词条的文字体系。不直接或不单纯表示语言，如汉语。

22.Austin和Searle的理论是任务型教学研究的一个十分重要的理论来源。Searle认为，语言交际单位不是单词或句子等语言单位，而是______。

（分数：1.00）

A.语言行为

B.言语行为√

C.文字符号

D.心理表征

解析：[解析] 在Searle的语言行为理论里，他认为，语言交际的最小单位是言语行为，而不是人们通常认为的单词和句子。

23.There are two general rules for giving instructions; they must be kept as simple as possible, and they must be ______.

（分数：1.00）

A.logical √

B.feasible

C.authentic

D.natural

解析：

十三、第二节：填空题(总题数：5，分数：5.00)

24.Theory is 1 in the practice of language teaching. It reveals itself in the assumptions underlying practice, in the planning of a course of study, in the routines of the classroom, in the value judgements about language teaching, and in the decisions that the language teacher has to make day by day.

（分数：1.00）

解析：implicit

25.The 1 view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: the sound system(phonology); the discrete units of meaning produced by sound combinations (morphology); and the system of combining units of meaning for communication (syntax).

（分数：1.00）

解析：structural

26. 1 learning emphasizes the task rather than the language in learning process.

（分数：1.00）

解析：Task-based

27.PPP stands for Presentation, Practice and 1. In PPP method classes or sequences, the teacher presents the context and situation for the language, and both explains and demonstrates the meaning and form of the new language. The students then practice making sentences before going on to another stage in which they talk or write more freely.

（分数：1.00）

解析：Production

28.The 1 theory of language learning was initiated by the psychologist Skinner, who applied Watson and Raynor"s theory of conditioning to the way humans acquire languages.

（分数：1.00）

解析：behaviorist

十四、第三节：简答题(总题数：3，分数：15.00)

29.英语教学设计既是一门艺术，又是一门科学。其设计过程的科学性应该体现在哪些方面?

（分数：5.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：英语教学设计过程的科学性首先体现在设计者必须要正确运用教育思想和英语教学原理，以先进的教育思想、教学理念和教学理论指导教学设计，融教育和教学原理于英语教学设计中。其次，体现在设计者对英语课程与教材的理解和认识中。再次，体现在设计者对学习主体的认识上，如学生的学习动机、学习经验和基础，这些也是设计者必须要考虑的问题。

30.什么是教学模式?请举典型例子说明。

（分数：5.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：教学模式是以教学思想、教学理论为根据而建构起来的模型或范式。典型的教学模式有布卢姆的“掌握学习教学模式”，指在所有学生都能学好的思想指导下，以集体教学为基础，辅以经常、及时的反馈，为学生提供所需的个别化帮助以及所需的额外学习时间，从而使大多数学生达到课程目标所规定的掌握标准。

31.为什么说英语语法教学是基于语法学习而存在的?

（分数：5.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：从学习者知识表征来看，英语语法是显性语言规则的内部心理表征；从教学的视角来看，英语语法通过教学表征才能实现学生语法学习的心理表征。就英语语法学习过程而言，英语语法教学必然是意义彰显，内涵丰富，但又是非常复杂的社会和心理过程。因此，英语语法教学是基于语法学习而存在的。

十五、第四节：论述题(总题数：1，分数：15.00)

32.论述英语阅读教学中生词量和语法难易度应如何控制，并举例说明。

（分数：15.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：对中小学生而言，因英语词汇量有限，所以英语阅读既是意义事件，又是语言事件。生词量和语法难易度是衡量语篇可读性的重要指标，于是，生词量和语法难易度成了英语教材编制和阅读教学的重要参数。英语生词量的多少、语法难易度的高低直接影响学生对篇章的理解和语义建构，也影响着学生语言能力的发展。生词过多和语法过难会使语篇理解变得更加困难，甚至使语篇语义无法建构。

不同类型的阅读对生词量有不同的要求和标准。一般来说，作为精读课阅读，语篇的生词量一般低于有效阅读词汇总量的3%；作为泛读课阅读，语篇的生词量一般低于有效阅读词汇总量的1%。如果教材的生词总量过大，教师首先应在教学中适当增加阅读量，以降低阅读的生词量，进而减少学生因生词量过大而造成的阅读障碍；其次，根据生词的难易度和频度，把英语词汇的记忆与理解融进听、说、读、写、译等语言活动之中，从而减轻学生记忆上的负担，提高学习效率。

语法难易度也是英语阅读教学中不可忽视的问题。教学中教师要根据学生学习的基础和经验分析语法项目的可学性，由浅入深，由易至难，由简单到复杂，循序渐进，控制教学中英语语法的难度，让学生在示例中理解和感知语法规则，在句子和语篇中练习语法规则，在不同的语言活动中培养语法意识。