中考英语阅读理解知识点总结1

中考英语阅读理解知识点总结1

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。

B

Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries? Whether your worries are big or small, you can take these three steps to deal with your worries:

Try to find out what you're worried about.

Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it out first. If you can't, you can ask for help.

Think of ways to make it better

There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it won’t solve your problem.

Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you're worried about grades, ask yourself these questions:

☆Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?

☆How do I get ready for class? Do I go over （复习） my notes even when there isn't a test?

☆Do I have a good place to do my homework?

☆Have I tried different ways of studying?

Ask for help

When you're worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends, or teachers for help.

（1）How many steps of dealing with your worries are mentioned （提及） in the passage?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Seven

（2）When you don't know what you're worried about, _______.

A. you should try to find it out

B. you can't ask for help

C. you don't need to think of ways

D. you can sit there worrying

（3）If you're worried about grades, you can ask yourself these questions except “_______”.

A. Why are grades important?

B. What do grades mean to me?

C. How do I get ready for class?

D. Why don't my friends like me?

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了如何应对烦恼的三种方法，一是找出自己担心的问题，二是想办法让情况变得更好，三是请求帮助。

⑴细节理解题。根据Whether your worries are big or small, you can take these three steps to deal with your worries:描述，可知本题主要提到了三步应对烦恼的方法。故选B。

⑵细节理解题。根据Try to find it out first; if you can't, you can’t ask for help.描述，可知当你不知道自己的烦恼是什么时，不要去请求帮助。故选A。

⑶细节理解题。根据文中列出的几个问题★，可知不包括选项D。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键

词，在文章中寻找答案。

2．阅读理解

Once there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺） singing very beautifully.

One day, the emperor heard about this little bird's beautiful voice. He asked his guards to bring her to him. When the emperor heard the nightingale's voice, he said, "Put her in a golden cage, so she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her."

The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him. The bird could sing very beautifully too. The emperor was pleased.

Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very weak. One morning, while lying in bed, the emperor wanted it to sing once again. But the robot bird could not sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.

After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all his people cherished（爱戴） him for his love and kindness.

（1）Why did the little bird stop singing?

A. Because she was ill.

B. Because she was not free.

C. Because she was hungry.

D. Because she was too excited.

（2）What made the emperor become better and better?

A. The robot's beautiful voice.

B. His men's voice.

C. The little bird's nice dance.

D. The little bird's beautiful song.

（3）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. A little nightingale lived in the emperor's beautiful garden.

B. The nightingale went on singing songs for the emperor after she was kept in a cage.

C. One day, the robot bird was broken and it couldn't sing.

D. The emperor gave up listening to songs after he got sick.

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. If we keep a bird, we can enjoy the beautiful songs.

B. Don't make a robot because it can get broken easily.

C. A bird can help people get away from illness.

D. If we are kind to someone, he or she will be also kind to us.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了国王因为小夜莺动听的歌声把小鸟关在笼子里，结果小鸟难过不再唱歌，国王让科学家做了一只机器小鸟，一天机器小鸟也不唱歌了，国王病了，原来的小鸟唱了最动听的歌，国王变得越来越好了，并且变得对他的人民友好了。

（1）细节题。根据The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day.可知小鸟被关在笼子里不高兴，所以停止唱歌，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.可知小鸟动听的歌曲让国王好起来，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺）singing very beautifully.可知小夜莺住在花园里，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据全文可知国王在小夜莺的帮助下慢慢好起来，最终对人民友好，所以我们可以学到如果我们对他人友好，他人也会对我们友好，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解

Friends are important to the children. Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life. Friendship provides children with more than just fun. By making friends, children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems. Having friends even does good to children's study for they can help each other after class.

If parents care about their children whether they have made many friends, what matters is that the child is comfortable and happy with his friends. Parents need to understand the steps children take in building friendships.

First of all, be a friend of your child's. Good friendships start at home. Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting on with their parents. Greet the child warmly and let him know you are glad to see him. Children learn a lot from how their parents stay with them and other people.

Teach children how to solve conflicts. Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others. If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own. Only step in if it is really necessary, for example, an argument is getting physical.

Give children chances to practise staying together. Make children play games that require teamwork and group problem-solving skills. For example, races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork. "In what way didn't you work well together? What might you do differently next time?" For these ideas, read books such as Cooperative Sports and Games Book by Terry Orlick, and Team Building Activities for Every Group by Alanna Jones.

Encourage children to express thanks to others. Parents can encourage children to do this by setting examples for them.

（1）According to the article, if one child has no friend, he will .

A. have some troubles in the future

B. worry about everything in the future

C. not know the importance of making friends

D. not find anybody to help him

（2）Friendships can be helpful to children EXCEPT .

A. providing a lot of fun

B. getting in touch with others

C. solving problems

D. helping others to cheat in the exams

（3）The writer's purpose of writing the article is to .

A. tell what parents should do to help children make friends

B. show having friends even does good to children's study during the classes

C. tell parents to understand the steps of children's friendships

D. show how important friendships are to children

（4）When children have a conflict, parents should .

A. let them fight with each other until they find who the winner is

B. do nothing to the children and believe their abilities

C. let them work it out by themselves and help if necessary

D. talk with them and try to find good ways to let them stay together

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：朋友对孩子很重要。友谊给孩子们带来的不仅仅是乐趣。通过交朋友，孩子们学会了如何与他人联系和解决问题。有朋友甚至对孩子的学习有好处，因为他们可以在课后互相帮助。作为家长应学会如何帮助自己的孩子交朋友，本文就这问题给我们提出了一些建议。

（1）细节理解题，根据Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life.可知，如果孩子没有朋友，在未来的生活中会遇到一些困难，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据Friendship provides children with more than just fun. By making friends, children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems. Having friends even does good to children's study for they can help each other after class.可知，有一可以给孩子们带来更多的乐趣，学会如何跟别人相处，也可以帮着提高自己的学习成绩，而不会帮着别人在考试中作弊，故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题，根据Parents need to understand the steps children take in building friendships.可知，文章告诉家长该如何做来帮着孩子交朋友，故答案是A。

（4）细节理解题，根据If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own.可知，如果父母知道孩子们有了冲突，要让孩子们自己解决，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案。

4．阅读理解

He was an old man who fished alone in a small boat on the sea and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now salao, which was the worst form of unluck, and the boy had gone with another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty. The sail looked like the flag of failure forever.

The old man was thin with deep wrinkles（皱纹）in the back of his neck. His face was terribly brown because of the strong sunlight on the sea every day and his hands had the deep scars（伤

疤）from dealing with heavy fish on the lines. But none of these were fresh. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful.

"Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from the sea. "I could go with you again. We've made some money."

The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.

"No, "the old man said." You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them."

"But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks."

"I remember," the old man said.

"It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him."

"I know," the old man said. "It is quite normal."

"He hasn't much faith（信心）."

"No," the old man said." But we have. Haven't we?"

"Yes," the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace?"

"Why not?" the old man said. "Between fishermen."

（1）In the story the old man was the boy's .

A. grandfather

B. friend

C. boss

D. host

（2）The word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to of the old man.

A. the hands

B. the scars

C. the eyes

D. the wrinkles （3）The old man refused the boy to go fishing with him again because .

A. he wanted to fish by himself

B. he could really understand his parents

C. the boy asked for some money

D. the boy had already learnt how to fish

（4）From the story we can know that .

A. the old man was always full of hope

B. the boy's parents believed in the old man

C. everyone laughed at the old man's bad luck

D. the boy was worried about the old man's health

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个老人84天没有捕到鱼了，男孩的父母不让小男孩和老人一起捕鱼，认为老人运气不好，老人比较理解男孩的父母。

（1）细节题。根据全文可知小男孩和老人一起去捕鱼，他们的关系是朋友关系，故选B。（2）细节题。根据Everything about him was old except his eyes除了他的眼睛，他周围的一切都很老，所以they代指眼睛，即eyes，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据"It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him." "I know," the old man said. "It is quite normal."可知老人理解男孩爷爷的想法，所以拒绝小男孩再次和他一起去捕鱼，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据"He hasn't much faith（信心）." "No," the old man said." But we have.

Haven't we?"可知男孩爷爷对老人没有信心，但是老人和男孩有信心，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

On 26 February, I got an email from my friend David, asking me to go to Tanzania to train their software engineers. The company is located in Dares Salam, a beautiful coastal city to the west of the Indian Ocean. I stayed for about two weeks in that city last time I was there. During my stay there, David took me to the nearby beach and we had a wonderful walk along the coast which had left a deep impression on me. I was impressed by the ocean water and the deep blue sky.

After more than 19 hours of air travel, I was finally here at Dares Salaam Airport. The temperature here was high as usual- over 30 degrees. I felt short of breath because of the unbearable heat in this tiny hall. When I finally got my turn, I handed my passport to the officer in front of me, He had a close look at my passport. Then he asked the purpose of my stay, I told him I just wanted to travel here.

"Where do you want to visit?" he asked again.

"Dares Salsam."

"What's your job?" he asked.

"I'm a software engineer.

I will never forget this experience that I had. I still love this country.

（1）Where did the writer go?

A. New Zealand.

B. Nepal.

C. India.

D. Tanzania.

（2）The writer stayed in the city for about ______ last time.

A. one week

B. two weeks

C. three weeks

D. four weeks （3）The weather was ______ when the writer arrived at the airport.

A. snowy

B. foggy

C. sunny

D. windy

（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The writer received an email from his friend David.

B. They took a walk along the coast.

C. The writer flew to Dares Salaam,

D. The writer didn't like the journey because it was very hot.

（5）What's the best title for the passage?

A. A famous company

B. A trip to Tanzania

C. Some customs in Tanzania

D. A good friend of mine

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行。

（1）细节题。根据On 26 February, I got an email from my friend David, asking me to go to Tanzania to train their software engineers.可知作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行，

故选D。

（2）细节题。根据I stayed for about two weeks in that city last time I was there.可知作者待了大约2周，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据The temperature here was high as usual- over 30 degrees.可知温度在30度以上，所以天气是晴朗的，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据I will never forget this experience that I had. I still love this country.可知作者从不忘记这次经验，仍然喜欢这个国家，所以作者喜欢这次旅行，故选D。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者受好朋友David的邀请去坦桑尼亚旅行。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

Fiona likes to listen to music. She likes to listen to classical music. Now she is listening to Beethoven's Symphony（交响曲） No. 5. The music is about fate knocking on the door. Fate is the unseen power of life. Fate changes our lives. Fate designs our lives. Fiona likes this music. She feels the power of music.

Suddenly, somebody knocks on her door. She goes to the door and opens it. There is a man at the door. The man is old. He has grey hair and a grey beard （胡须）. She doesn't know who the person is. The man says he is her father. She closes the door in front of the man. She stays at the door and thinks. She has a father. But he is dead. She doesn't know the man at the door. She doesn't understand why he says he is her father. She wants to call the police. Just then she can see a photo under the door. The man is giving her a photo. She looks at the photo. She can see herself with a man she doesn't know. It is her because she took many photos when she was a young girl. Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer. She opens the door. She asks the man whether he is lying or not. The man tells her he is telling the truth. She invites him for a cup of coffee. They sit down and drink coffee. They start talking about life. He tells her everything that he knows. She listens. Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs. They are listening to Beethoven. This time it is not fate, but her father who is knocking on the door.

（1）What kind of music does Fiona like?

A. Folk music.

B. Pop music.

C. Rock and roll.

D. Classical music.（2）Why does Fiona open the door again?

A. Because the man gives her a photo of her and her father.

B. Because she realizes the man standing outside is her father.

C. Because she wants to know whether the man is her father.

D. Because she wants to listen to the man's stories.

（3）How does Fiona feel during the talk with the man?

A. Surprised.

B. Sad.

C. Happy.

D. A, B&C

（4）Where can you find this passage?

A. In a music book.

B. In a storybook.

C. In a sports book.

D. In a science book.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述主人公菲奥娜在听贝多芬的第五首歌的时候，她听到门外有敲门声，她打开门却意外地有人叫她为女儿，她感到很吃惊，爸爸明明已故，但是此时的这个所谓“爸爸”的男人又似曾相识，打开门后两人谈了许多往事，往事让菲奥娜有时吃惊，有时哭泣，有时微笑，最后他们一起听贝多芬的歌曲，最好父女相认。

（1）细节题。根据She likes to listen to classical music.可知，她喜欢听古典音乐，故选D。（2）细节题。根据Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.可知，因为她想知道是否这个男人是她爸爸，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs.可知，她有时开心有时伤心有时吃惊，故选D。

（4）推断题。本文讲述菲奥娜和父亲相认的故事，可知这篇文章应来自故事书，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息。

7．阅读理解

A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. Then we went on our way after saying goodbye.

Later in the kitchen at home, as I cooked our meal, my daughter Betty walked up to me. When I turned around, I nearly knocked her down. "Get out of the way!" I shouted angrily. She ran away, crying.

That night, when I lay in bed, my husband said to me, "You were so rude to Betty. Go and look around on the kitchen floor, and you'll find some flowers there. Betty brought those for you. She picked them herself—pink, yellow, and your favorite blue."

When I heard this, I thought deeply, "While meeting with a stranger, I was calm and polite, but with my daughter, I was not patient." I felt sad and tears began to fall.

I quietly went to Betty's bed, "Wake up, my dear!" I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for me?" She smiled, "I found them by the tree. I know you like them, especially the blue ones." I said, "I am so sorry that I treated you that way today." And she whispered （悄声说）, "Mommy, that's okay. I still love you anyway." I kissed her and said, "I love you, too and 1 do love the flowers."

That day Betty gave me a lesson on how to get along with each other in the family. I spent much time on work and didn't realize how important family life was. I decided to do better in the future.

（1）What did the writer do when she ran into a man?

A. She got mad at him.

B. She didn't say sorry to him.

C. She said sorry to him politely.

D. She left without saying anything.

（2）Why did the writer feel sorry for what she had done?

A. Because her husband didn't love her.

B. Because her daughter brought her some flowers.

C. Because she used to be friendly to others.

D. Because she spent less time on her family life.

（3）According to the passage, which do you think is I he best title?

A. How to get along with a stranger

B. I love my daughter

C. My daughter gave me a good lesson

D. How to be a polite person

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了发生在自己和女儿之间的一个故事，通过这个故事，让作者决定在将来要更好地对待他人。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. 几天前，当陌生人走过的时候，我撞到了他，我对他说了对不起，我们非常有礼貌，可知当作者撞到一个陌生人有礼貌地道歉，故选C。（2）推理判断题。阅读第三段可知：可知作者的丈夫告诉她，玛丽为她采了一些花．第四段作者开始对发生的事进行反思，并向女儿道歉，第五段作者下决心要多花点时间与家人相处，I spent much time on work before and didn't realize how important family life was. 可知作者对她所做的事感到难过，因为她花在家庭生活上的时间很少，故选D。

（3）主旨归纳题。文章主要讲作者对陌生人很有礼貌，而对自己的女儿态度非常糟糕，缺乏耐心。而女儿看到漂亮的花时，依然摘来送给她，孩子的一些话深深触动作者的心灵，决定未来要多花些时间陪伴家人，会做得更好。由此可以推断出文章标题：女儿给了我一个很好的教训。故选C。

【点评】查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

8．阅读理解

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A. lie in the North Island

B. are members of LSNZ

C. own the perfect places to visit

D. teach only local students

（2）The text tells us that LSNZ ______.

A. provides over four courses

B. practices large-class teaching

C. designs lots of exams

D. has many teachers from abroad

（3）Those who want to ______ will most probably be interested in this text.

A. look for jobs at LSNZ

B. build language schools

C. improve their English

D. learn about New Zealand

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了在LSNZ学习英语将帮助实现你的梦想及LSNZ课程。

（1）细节题。根据Our Christchurch and Queenstown schools in the South Island of NZ are the perfect places to learn English.可知Christchurch和Queenstown学校是LSNZ学习英语的好地方，即是LSZN的成员，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据●General English●IELTS●Study & Ski●Combo●CourseCambridge, Toeic & Pitmans Exam preparation courses are also offered at both schools.可知提供了5个课程，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Enroll （注册） now for a LSNZ English course—we promise your English will improve可知LSNZ许诺会提高学生们的英语，所以想提高英语的人对本文感兴趣，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．阅读理解

Schools in the UK are cutting time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressures. Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16 -year-olds had fallen in the past five years.

Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressures were behind the decline, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.

Almost all of the teachers from the 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous". He said, "It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems with stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There's a close relationship between mental and physical health."

Tom Madders, director of campaigns at charity Young Minds, said, "Schools' cutting down on physical education because of exam pressures is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep good health, rather than putting children under more pressure."

Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, "The PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most."

（1）What do we know about the text?

A. Schools that value health do worse in study.

B. Good physical health is good for mental health.

C. Many teachers don't realize the importance of PE

D. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.

（2）_______ said that Cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".

A. The teachers in the UK.

B. Tom Madders

C. Cal Strode

D. Ali Oliver （3）According to the text, the exam pressure is from ______.

A. future work

B. poor mental health

C. parents' expectations

D. schools' requirements

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of physical education

B. Teachers' support of getting more PE time

C. The serious problems of education in the UK

D. Schools' cutting down PE time for exam pressure

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。

（1）细节题。根据Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems There's a close relationship between mental and physical health." 可知身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".可知，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market.可知考试的压力是来自于竞争激烈的就业市场，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

It's a cold, grey Sunday afternoon in March. The British are all working in their gardens. They're digging, cutting leaves and planting new seeds（种子）. By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colors.

The British love their gardens. A British newspaper recently asked people for their opinions about them. Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden, and over 50% of these described gardening as the most enjoyable thing they ever did.

Only one in ten houses in Britain do not have a garden. People who live in houses without gardens often rent（租用） land from the government.

At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House or Castle Howard. In the early twentieth century, however, gardening became a hobby. People bought different kinds of seeds and plants for their gardens. Although roses, sunflowers and tomatoes are often grown in British gardens, they originally（起初） grew wild in other countries.

Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win：Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long.

（1）In summer, British gardens are often .

A. covered with grey leaves and plants

B. colorful with different plants

C. too hot for people to work there

D. full of people digging there

（2）A recent survey showed that of the British felt it important to do some gardening.

A. around 70%

B. over 50%

C. only 20%

D. about 10%

（3）We can infer from Paragraph 4 that .

A. seeds were provided for free

B. roses were first grown in Britain

C. gardening is a hobby in the world

D. the owner of Chatsworth House was rich

（4）What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence?

A. It is common to grow carrots.

B. It is hard to win the competition.

C. The carrot is much easier to grow.

D. The carrot is their favorite vegetable.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了英国人喜欢种花园的事情。

（1）细节题。根据By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colours.可知是五颜六色的植物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden，可知大概70%人们觉得花时间在花园里很重要，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House，可知Chatsworth House得主人是富有的，故选D。

（4）词义猜测题。根据Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win: Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long. 可知想要超过6米长的胡萝卜很难，所以赢比赛很难，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

11．阅读理解

Opening hours: 11:00 a.m. – 3:00 a.m.

Absolute Baking & Café

The screen door is always swinging open at this town hot spot with giant breakfasts. Try the green chili on eggs –it's made from scratch, as are the organic breads. And lunch includes salads, big sandwiches and local grass-fed beef burgers. Don't miss a square of soft, fresh carrot cake.

Opening hours: 7:00 a.m.-2:00 p.m.Walt's Wharf

Everybody's favorite for fresh fish （some drive in

from LA）, Walt's packs them in on weekends. You

can't order your dinner（though they're accepted

for lunch）, but it's worth the wait for the seafood

and steaks in the many-windowed ground floor or

upstairs in captain's chairs.

Opening hours: 11:00 a.m.-3:30 p.m.

According to the passage, Steve's Pizza .

A. has new stores all over Miami

B. lies on Miami Beach

C. serves the best pizza in Miami

D. is open only in the daytime

（2）Which restaurant serves both breakfast and lunch?

A. Steve's Pizza.

B. Walt's Wharf.

C. Cattleman's Steakhouse.

D. Absolute Baking & Café..

（3）The passage is probably taken from .

A. a science report

B. a history book

C. a travel magazine

D. a movie poster

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文介绍了美国的几家饭店及它们的经营的特色菜，和经营时间。

（1）细节理解题。根据So many pizza stores in South Beach, but ask a Miami Beach local where to get the best pizza and they'll tell you about Steve's. 在南海滩有很多披萨店，但是要问迈阿密海滩的当地人的去那里买最好的披萨，他们将会告诉你关于史蒂文店。可知史蒂文的披萨是迈阿密最好的，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据 Absolute Baking & Café：The screen door is always swinging open at this town hot spot with giant breakfasts. 在这个小镇屏风门一直挂这开放，焦点是巨型早餐。And lunch includes salads, big sandwiches and local grass-fed beef burgers. 午餐包括沙拉，大三明治和当地草喂养的牛肉汉堡。可知Absolute Baking & Café饭店提供早餐和午餐。故选D。

（3）文章出处题。文章讲述的是不同地方的饮食特色。可知这篇文章可能出自旅游杂志。故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及到细节理解和文章出处两种题型。对于细节理解

题，在分析问题后，仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的句子，选出合适选项，对于文章出处题，要根据文章的内容决定，选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Everyone has eaten instant noodles（方便面）. It is very easy to cook it instantly by putting the noodles into the boiling water and adding in ingredient packets, together with other food like eggs or vegetables. However, have you ever wondered whether this is the correct way of cooking it?

When you first take out the noodles from the packaging, you will notice that the noodles are joined together nicely as a piece. In order to make the noodles joined together nicely side by side, it needs some form of wax coating（石蜡涂层） to achieve an attractive instant noodles in front of us.

However, researches have shown that the layer of wax coating on the noodles is quite harmful to our body and we should not eat it too often. It is advisable to have a break of 2-3 days before we start to eat another packet of instant noodles as our body need about 3 days to clear that layer of wax coating away from our body system. Do you know the danger of having too much wax coating stored in our stomach? It will lead to CANCER.

There are two key points to take note while preparing instant noodles: （1） Wash the instant noodles with warm water first, stir it and pour away the water containing the wax coating. （2）Repeat Step 1 and try to stir the noodles again to wash away the wax coating on the noodles before cooking it in a new pot of water.

Hope this article will help you when you choose to eat instant noodles.

（1）The function of the wax coating in the instant noodles is to_______.

A. make the noodles more delicious and tasty

B. make it easier to cook for the consumers

C. make the instant noodles healthier and more attractive to the consumers

D. make the noodles joined in a piece and avoid them sticking together

（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A. The hidden dangers of the instant noodles.

B. The way of how our body clears the wax coating.

C. How to cook instant noodles.

D. Researches on advantages of the wax coating.

（3）What does the underlined word "contain" mean?

A. 去除

B. 包含

C. 储存

D. 需要（4）What is the purpose of the writer to write the passage?

A. To tell us the dangers of instant noodles.

B. To tell us how to cook instant noodles.

C. To tell us something about the layer of wax coating on the noodles.

D. To tell us how to eat instant noodles safely and healthily.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：方便面的害处以及怎样吃方便面更安全，健康。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 In order to make the noodles joined together nicely side by side, it needs some form of wax coating（石蜡涂层） to achieve an attractive instant noodles in front of us.理解可知，石蜡涂层的作用就是使面条很好地并排在一起，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句owever, researches have shown that the layer of wax coating on the noodles is quite harmful to our body and we should not eat it too often. 理解可知，本段主要解释了方便面潜在的危害，故选A。

（3）词义理解题。根据文中的语句Wash the instant noodles with warm water first, stir it and pour away the water containing the wax coating. 理解可知，contain的含义是包含，故选B。（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句理解可知，此文主要介绍了怎样正确，安全健康地吃方便面，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

13．阅读理解

What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?

Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed

Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas.

Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect

Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen Jacobsen believed what he was taught: that water on Earth came from icy comets（封星） or planets which hit into Earth.

However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acted like a sponge（海绵）. This suggested that Earth's water might have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activity.

"I had a pretty hard time making others believe it, "he said. "But thinking about the fact that you may be the first person to see something for the first time doesn't happen very often. When it does, it's amazing."

Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way

Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's "Philae", a robot landing craft, met up with Comet 67P, which was 480 million kilometres away.

The trip from Earth by "Philae" had taken ten years!

The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.

When "Philae" tried to land, it bounced（弹起）away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, "Philae" landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth. （1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg left college because____________.

A. they preferred to learn by themselves

B. they needed standard ways of teaching

C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas

D. their teachers weren't able to teach them

（2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that___________.

A. we should get answers from facts

B. we can believe what we are taught

C. it's hard to make others believe something

D. an expectation can help get an answer in research

（3）The example of "Philae" in Lesson 3 shows that________.

A. Comet 67P was not far away from Earth

B. it took "Philae"2o years to reach Comet 67P

C. "Philae" landed on Comet 67P with a little luck

D. scientists know nothing about the surface of Comet 67P

（4）The best title for this passage is_____.

A. Ways of learning

B. Lessons for success

C. Ways of being special

D. Lessons for experiments

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了我们能从世界上那些让不可能成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到很多。

（1）细节题。根据 Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking 可知，比尔·盖茨和马克·扎克伯格离开大学是因为他们更喜欢自学，故选A。

（2）主旨题。根据 Find your answers from facts 可知，作者主要想告诉我们应该从事实中得到答案，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 The European Space Agency's "Philae", a robot landing craft, met up with Comet 67P 欧洲航天局的“菲莱”号机器人登陆艇遇到了彗星67p和When "Philae" tried to land, it bounced（弹起）away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, "Philae" landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth 当“菲莱”试图着陆时，它反弹（弹起）远离彗星冰冷的表面两次。然而幸运的是，“菲莱”号成功着陆，并开始向地球发回信息，可知例子表明菲莱幸运地降落在彗星67p上，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了我们能从世界上那些让不可能成为可能的特别的、非常成

功的人身上学到很多，可知 Lessons for success适合做标题，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

My 14-year-old son, John, and I saw the coat at the same time in a second-hand clothing store. It stood out among big and old coats. It was so beautiful and had an unbelievable price, $ 28. I looked at my son and we both said nothing, but John's eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys, but new ones could cost several hundred dollars. This coat was even better. John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror. It fit him so well. John wore the coal to school the next clay. After he came home, I asked. "Did the kids like your coat?"

"They loved it," he said with a big grin.

Over the next few weeks, John changed. He was polite, less argumentative, more thoughtful, and much happier. "Good dinner, Mom," he would say every evening. Without a word of complaining, he would carry in wood for the stove. One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off, said, "You're right. I guess I will." When I mentioned this change to one of his teachers, she joked that the coat must have changed him.

John and I both know we should never judge a person by his clothes. But it is true that when wearing beautiful and suitable clothes, we may try to be better in thought, speech and behavior to match what is on the inside to what is on the outside.

（1）What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. The price of the coat was too high.

B. John liked the coat very much.

C. They often went shopping together.

D. The writer didn't want to buy the coat.

（2）What did John use to do when he was asked to study?

A. Start at once.

B. Put off his homework.

C. Work hard on schoolwork.

D. Carry in wood for the stove.

（3）Which of the following changes did NOT happen to John after he wore the coat?

A. He was willing to follow suggestions.

B. He often helped to do some housework.

C. He always worried about his study.

D. He said sweet words to make his mother happy.

（4）What does the writer want to say through this passage?

A. What we wear could help shape who we are inside.

B. Life is full of possibilities when we are young.

C. We should not judge people by their appearance.

D. It's a good choice to try different things in our lives.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文通过讲述儿子自从穿了一件新的衣服后，整个人发生了变化，变得礼貌了，更快乐，愿意听从建议了，也愿意说些话让作者高兴了，从而得出结论，我们穿的衣服也会影响我们的内在。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句I looked at my son and we both said nothing, but John's eyes shone. 可知他喜欢这件外套。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中倒数第二段One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off???可知John经常拖延做作业，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段John changed．He was polite，less argumentative，more thoughtful，and much happier．"Good dinner，mom．"he would say every evening．Without a word of complaining，he would carry in wood for the stove．约翰变了，他彬彬有礼，不爱争论，更体贴，更快乐．"晚餐好，妈妈．"他每天晚上都会这样说．一句怨言也没有，他就会把木头放到炉子里．可知，C选项"他总是担心他的学习．"，没发生，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段的总结But it is true that when wearing beautiful and suitable clothes, we may try to be better in thought, speech and behavior to match what is on the inside to what is on the outside.可知，作者想告诉我们，我们穿什么衣服可以帮助塑造我们是谁。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

15．阅读理解

Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.

People are surprised to hear this." They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution," says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. "But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution."

In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997."Online shopping could have similarly harmful results," says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the

Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste.

Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）. When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane.

Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes.

"If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop," says Prost. "People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully." Online shopping is fast and easy, "says Prost," but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment."

（1）The passage begins with several questions to .

A. introduce the main topic

B. describe online shopping

C. show the writer's opinion

D. list advantages of shopping

（2）What is the passage mainly about?

A. The Internet is not good to the environment.

B. Online shopping causes more air pollution.

C. Online shopping is bad for the environment.

D. Stop online shopping to protect the environment.

（3）Which of the following is to show that online shopping is wasteful?

A. Large products need more packing materials.

B. Paper use increased by 33 percent about ten years.

C. Businesses need to build a store to sell the products.

D. Online shopping costs less than shopping in a store.

（4）What is probably the best title of the passage?

A. A Good Deal to Make

B. A Different Lifestyle to Keep

C. A Cleaner Way to Shop

D. A New Business to Start

（5）Which of the following shows the structure（结构）of the passage?（P=Paragraph）