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一、【可数名词】

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：

1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：

book → books, room → rooms , house → houses , day → days

2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：

bus → buses , glass → glasses , watch → watches

dish → dishes , box → boxes

3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：

city → cities , body → bodies , factory → factories等等。

注意：“元音+y”结尾直接加s, 如monkey→monkeys , boy→boys

4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：

half → halves , leaf → leaves , knife → knives , wife → wives

5.以一个o结尾的名词，有生命的加es,如tomato→tomatoes ,potato→potatoes，hero→heroes, mango→mangoes

无生命的直接加s,如piano→pianos, photo→photos,radio→radios

6.特殊情况

① child → children , ox→ oxen(牛）② man → men ， woman → women

③foot → feet ，tooth → teeth ④只有复数名词people, trousers

⑤单、复数同形 sheep, Chinese, Japanese, deer(小鹿），fish

二．【不可数名词】

1. 不可数名词没有复数，也不能直接在前面加a(n）。当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

如：The food is very fresh.

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义发生变化。如：water （水）→ waters （水域） orange （橘汁）→ oranges （橘子）

3.不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如： a piece of paper, three pieces of paper, a bowl of rice, two cups of tea

Three packets of salt, two tins of coke, three cartons of milk......

【配套巩固练习】

1.leaf ____________

2. American____________

3.mouse__________

4. shorts __________

5.两杯咖啡______________________

6. 十盒牛奶_______________________

7.四则新闻_________________________8. 十二听可乐_______________________

9. 六位女医生_________________10. 五名男学生__________________________

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