词的选择 沪江网英语学习资料 非常有用

词的选择 沪江网英语学习资料 非常有用
词的选择 沪江网英语学习资料 非常有用

词的选择

热身:

Play the piano 弹钢琴

Paly the violin 拉小提琴

Paly the flute 吹笛子

Play basketball 打篮球

Play football 踢足球

Play chess 下棋下象棋

Play a game 做游戏

Play a joke 开玩笑

Play 是个基本词汇玩8个词各取所需

一词多译

选衣服选男友依据标准

依据:context 小的说上下文大的说就是文化差异

1.根据语境确定词的准确含义

语言是在实践的过程中逐渐形成的。

苏州是无文化的发源地,苏绣绘画篆刻昆曲以及饮食服饰语言等融汇成其丰富内涵。注意专有名词翻译

语言:如何翻译?1分钟考虑语言和方言

Language has been formed gradually during practice.

Suzhou is the cradle of Wu Culture, which covers Suzhou Embroidery, painting, seal cutting and Kunqu Opera as well as the local cuisine, costume, and dialect.

Dialect 对应苏州和吴文化

一些文化特有词,文化负载词,翻译时不用翻译成地道的英文,也可以进行引以。要不外国人来中国都不好找!

Man’s youth is a wondeful thing: it is so full of anguish and of magic and he never comes to know as it is, until it has gone from him forever.

人的青春奇妙无穷,充满着痛楚,充满着魅丽,可是,人从来不知青春为何物,老之将至才痛惜青春不再。

Man 这里翻译为human 统称所有人都有青春不管男人女人

“This is a great shame,” he said, to two girls near him, “where are your men, my dear?”

“这真是太遗憾了,”他对旁边的两个姑娘说,“姑娘,你们的男伴呢?”

男伴相对于girl、可能是跳舞或者舞会时候

When she is a lover, she makes the man have a heartache;

When she becomes a wife, she makes the man have a headache.

幽默做情人的时候,女人让男人心疼;做妻子的时候,女人让男人头疼。

结婚前一个样结婚后一个样

男人普遍性用法男人跟女人区分

共同点:man

例3 青天blue sky

青山green hill

青布,青丝black cloth,black hair

青瓦白墙的老市民区traditional houses with grey-tiled roofs and white walls 青这里指的grey

1 阅读下面句子,选出credit意为“荣誉”的选项

He got all the credit for the discovery.

How muh do I have to my credit.

The availability of cheap long term credit would help small business.

They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London.

荣誉:他由于这项发现而获得各种荣誉。

存款:我的银行户头上还有多少存款。

赊账:低息长期贷款可以扶持小型企业。

信用,信用证:他们已经从伦敦中国银行开立了有关信用证。

2 This situation took a . 下面哪个“好”更加符合句意?

Favorable

Good

Fine

Excellent

答案Favorable:有利的,良好的

Good:含义很广,好的质量好的品质,可以用来说明人或者物。

Fine:身体健康天气晴朗质量精细

Excellent:卓越的,优秀的

译文:形势有所好转。

3 下面几项中,哪个市场错误的表达方式

青山green hill

青天green sky

青布black cloth,

青丝black hair

4 Bill was beaten by a bad boy with a traveling bag on his back

Black and blue

Black and white

答案:

Black and blue:青一块,紫一块,遍体鳞伤的。

Black and white:(照片电影等)黑白的。

译文:比尔被一个坏家伙用一个旅行袋打在背上,打得他青一块紫一块。

The lecture carried his audience away with his speech.

讲演者的演讲感染了听众。

讲演者把他的听众带走了。

讲演者博得全场的喝彩。

答案:carry sb away 使激动使着迷。不可以望文生义,要注意词语的内含意义和联想意义,翻译时学会运用必要的引申手段。

2、确定词的搭配

They share certain historical backgrounds and cultural tradition—in particular the Spanish language.

他们有着共同的历史背景和文化传统,他们都讲西班牙语。

Share 跟着不同的三个宾语翻译的时候不可以一个动词带着三个宾语

有着都讲

Syllepsis 异叙;一语双叙

例1:He picked up his hat and his courage.

他捡起了帽子,并鼓起了勇气。

He lost the game and his temper.

他输了这一局还大发脾气。

3、根据语境确定词的感情色彩。

例1:a) Young men are not very suitable,because they are too daring.

b) They made a daring rescue attempt during that accident.

译文:年轻人不太合适,因为他们太莽撞。

莽撞鲁莽不赞成

那次事故中,他们进行了英勇的救援尝试。

赞扬

翻译时应该将句子中带有感情色彩翻译出来。

翻译是一门学问。

例2:a) 他醉心于译学研究。

b)那个人醉心于名利。

a) 醉心于:be engrossed in (褒义,全神贯注)

He is engrossed in translation studies.

b) 醉心于:be infatuated with(贬义,冲昏头脑)查用法?

That chap is infatuated with fame and gain.

名利背过背诵是一个捷径。

例3:a) 他们这件事做得很漂亮,值得赞扬。

They have done it quite well and deserve praises.

b)他尽说漂亮话。

译文:He is good at high-flown talks.

Homework:查下high-flown 的用法

话外之音弦外之音

4、根据语境确定词语的语体色彩(文学/应用文/说明文)

例1:敬请告知贵公司古典家具628型100套、CIF纽约的最低价格。

Tip:翻译时根据文体进行翻译。

We shall be obliged if you willinform us of your lowest CIF New York price for 100 sets of your classical furniture No.628.

应用文语体:委婉‘客套

例2:禁止赌博

禁止常见禁止吸烟禁止停车

No gambling.(口语化)

Gambling is prohibited.(正式)

5、根据文化大语境选词

大:无边无际

例1:a)壮得像头牛:as strong as a horse 牛于马的区别让外国人看懂

b)临时抱佛脚:

embrace?Buddha’s feet in one’s hour of need

英文常有god

Make a frantic last-minute effort

C) Man proposes, God disposes.

谋事在人,成事在天。

God 在此翻译为天而非神或者上帝。

练习:

6 哪项不是一语双叙

We eat a bun and drink aglass of milk.

He took the oath and his seat.

The general lost the town and his head.

解析:一语双叙,就是在一个英文句子里,一个关键词可以与两个或两个以上词语搭配,这些搭配在句法规则和语义上都是正确的,并产生不同的字面意义和比喻意义,已收到简洁、才智卓越的效果。后两项显然是在字面意义的基础上进行了延伸,比喻意义更加形象生动。而第一项只是简单的叙述,并无意义的延伸。

我们只吃了个小甜圈面包,喝了杯牛奶。

他宣誓就职。

那位将军丢失了城池,也丢掉了脑袋。

辨别hand in glove 哪个是贬义?

The reactionaries work hand-in-glove with the imperialists.

The police were acting hand in glove with the army to keep order in the courntry.

Those two comrades are hand in glove with each other.

Hand in glove 亲密地,合作,勾结

反动派和帝国主义相互勾结。

警察与军队合作,共同维持国家秩序。

那两位同志亲如手足。

8 This failure was the making of him 哪个翻译更为准确?

这次失败是他成功的基础。

这次失败是他造成的。

解析:making此处为the cause of improvement 即成功的原因。

It is said that many well-know Greek heroes are fo God,and they are always of noble .

Descendants; descent; descend

解析:Descendants:后裔,子孙; descent:血统,世系; descend

据说,希腊许多著名的大英雄就是神的后裔,有着神的高贵血统。

The teenagers don’t invite Bob to their parties because he is a wet blanket.

这里不是湿毛毯

笑掉大牙to laugh off one’s head

青少年不邀请鲍勃参加他们的聚会因为他是一个令人扫兴的人。

例3:“You chicken!”he cried,looking at Tom with contempt. As timid as a chicken胆小如鼠

你这个胆小鬼!

例4:我不能放弃教书,这是我的饭碗。

译文:I cannot give up teaching,for it is my bread and butter.

千万比翻译成bowl

常见有用的英语短语

do wrong 做错;作恶,犯罪 next door 隔壁的;在隔壁 out of doors 在户外 double back 把…对折;往回跑double up 弯着身子;把…对折 no doubt 无疑地,必定;很可能throw doubt upon 使人对…产生怀疑without doubt 无疑地,很可能down with 打倒;把…拿下 get down to work 认真开始工作drag in 把…拉进去 drag on 拖延;使拖延 drain...of 耗尽;用完 drain off 流掉;渐渐枯竭 draw a conclusion 得出结论 draw away 拉开;引开;离开 draw aside 拉到一边 draw back 收回(已付关税等) draw in (火车、汽车)进站 draw into 使卷入 draw lots 抽签,抽签决定 draw on 吸收;利用;凭;戴上draw out 拉长;掏出(手帕等) draw to a close 结束;终结 draw up 起草,制订 dream of 梦到;梦想;向往dream up (凭想象)虚构 dress up 穿上盛装 be in drink 喝醉了 be on the drink 常常喝酒,酗酒drink down 以酒消(愁) drink to 为…干杯,为…祝福 drink up 喝干净,喝完 drive at 意指 drive away at 努力做(工作等) drive home 用车把…送到家 drive out 赶出去 drive up 抬高

drop by 顺便走访,非正式访问drop off 睡着;(让…)下车 drop on 训斥,惩罚 drop out 退出,退学;掉落 drop over 顺便来访 dry up (使)干涸 due to 由于;应归于 in due course 在适当的时候 do duty for 当…用,起作用 do one's duty 尽职,尽本分 off duty 下班 on duty 值班;上班 dwell on 细想;详细讲述 each other 互相(多用作宾语) be all ears 全神贯注地倾听着 give ear to 听,倾听 give one's ears 不惜任何代价(要) early or late 迟早 keep early hours 早睡早起 earn one's living 谋生 on earth 在世界上;究竟,到底 at ease 自由自在;舒适,舒坦 take it easy 不紧张;放松;松懈 eat of 吃…中的一部分 eat off 吃掉,腐烂掉 eat up 吃完,吃光;耗尽 bring into effect 实行,实现,实施come into effect 开始生效,开始实行in effect 实际上;正实行中 take effect (药等)见效 either...or 或…或,不是…就是 or else 否则,要不然 employ oneself in 使忙于,使从事于be out of employment 失业 empty of 缺乏,无 be at the end 到尽头,达限度 come to an end 告终,结束;完结end in 以…为结果

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英语口语常用语句集锦 Enough talk! 少废话! Let's fight! 动手吧! We should hang out. 我们该一起出去玩。 Agreed! 同意! There's only one thing that matters. 只有一件事情是重要的! Get up! 起床! You'll be late for work. 你上班要迟到啦! What? 什么? What are you doing up there? 你在那上面干什么呢? Nothing! 没事! Let's go! 我们走吧。 Coming! 我来了! Careful! 小心点! Happy day! 真是个好日子! You don't know how long I've been waiting for this moment. 你不知道我等这一刻已经等了多久了。 This is a sign. 这是个预兆。 You will fulfill your destiny. 你将承担你的使命。 That was just a dream. 那只是个梦而已。 So why didn't you? 那你为什么没有呢?

We all have our place in this world. 在这世界上,我们每个人都有自己的归属。 Well done! 干得不错! If you were trying to disappoint me. 如果你们想让我失望。 He wants to see you. 他想见你。 Is something wrong? 有什么问题? Why must something be wrong for me to want to see my old friend?为什么必须得出事了我才会想见见老朋友? I didn't say that. 我可没这么说。 You were saying? 你想说? I've had a vision. 我有个预感。 That is impossible! 那是不可能的! Nothing is impossible. 没有什么是不可能的。 We have to do someting. 我们必须做点什么。 The answer becomes clear. 答案变得清晰起来。 It is time. 是时候了。 I don't know. 我不知道。 Where are you going? 你要去哪儿? I was kind of thinking maybe I... 我其实想也许我... Almost there. 就快到了。 Open the door! 开门啊! Let me in! 让我进去!

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be abundant in …富于,…丰富in accordance with 与…一致;按照,根据 account for 说明(原因等);解释 on account of 因为,由于 on no account 决不 take into account 考虑;重视 accuse sb. of sth.控告(某人某事) be accustomed to 习惯于 be acquainted with 开始认识;开始了解 act for 代理 act on 按照…而行动 act out 演出 take action 采取行动;提出诉讼 adapt to 适应 add up 加算,合计 add up to 合计达,总计是 in addition 另外 in addition to 除…之外(还有) be adequate for 适合 adhere to 粘附在…上;坚持 admit of 容许有,有…余地

in advance 在前面;预先 in advance of 在…的前面;超过take advantage of 趁…之机,利用afford to (买)得起(某物) for ages 长期 go ahead 前进;干吧 aim for 力争…,针对 be alike to 与…相同,与…相似 all but 几乎,差一点 all in all 总的说来;头等重要的all out 竭尽全力 allow for 考虑到,估计到;体谅allow of 容许(有…),容得 leave alone 听其自然,不要去管along with 同…一道(一起) amount to 总共达到;实际上是and all that 诸如此类 answer for 对…负责;符合… at any rate 不管怎样,反正 if any 若有的话 anything but 除…以外任何事(物)

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7、M iss小姐(未婚)Mrs.夫人(已婚)Ms.通用(未婚or二婚) Mr.先生 第3课 1、E xcuse me. are you Steven 打扰一下(不好意思),你是史蒂芬? 2、N o, I’m not. He’s over there. 不,我不是。他在那儿 3、T his is your book? 这是你的书? 4、I t’s my math book.这是我的数学书。 5、Y ou’re in my class, right? 你和我同班,对吗? 6、s he’s in our math class她在我们的数学班上。 7、i n在…里right对吗?This 这个she 她 over there在那儿Math数学classmate[?kl?sme?t]同学8、【一般疑问句】—可以用yes或no来回答的问题,其他都是【特殊疑问句】 第4课 1、 2、Z ero0 One1 tow2 three3 four4 five5 six6 seven7 eight8 nine9 ten10 3、W hat’s your QQ number? 你的QQ号码是多少? 4、W ork phone工作电话home phone 家庭电话cell phone手机 5、S ee you再见see you tomorrow 明天见 see you next time下次见

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