土木工程专业英语大集合

土木工程专业英语词汇集

1.建筑专业 1. ARCHITECTURE

a.设计依据DESIGN BASIS

b.设计阶段DESIGN STAGE

c.气象条件CLIMATE CONDITION

d. 常用房间名称 GENERAL ROOM NAME

e. 屋面与天棚ROOFING & CEILING

f. 墙体(外墙板) WALL(CLADDING)

g. 地面与地沟FLOOR & TRENCH

h.门、玻璃、窗与五金件DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)

I.楼梯、休息平台与电梯STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)

j.建筑材料词汇与短语 BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES

砖和瓦【 Bricks and Tiles 】

灰、砂和石【Lime, Sand and Stone】

水泥、砂浆和混凝土【Cement, Mortar and Concrete】

饰面与粉刷材料【Facing And Plastering Materials】

沥青和石棉【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos】

木材【Timber】

金属材料【Metallic Materials 】

有色金属【Non-Ferrous Metal 】

防腐蚀材料【Anti-Corrosion Materials】

建筑五金【Building Hardware 】

油漆【Paint 】

k.其他建筑术语 OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS

专业【Discipline 】

一般术语【Conventional Terms】

建筑物理【Architectural Physics】

职务名称【Name Of Professional role】

制图【Drafting】

2.结构专业 2. STRUCTURE

a. 负载 LOAD

b.地基和基础 GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION

c.钢筋混凝土结构 REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE

d.钢结构 STEEL STRUCTURE

e.抗震设计 DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC

f. 设计常用词汇GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGN

g.施工常用词汇 GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION

1.建筑专业 1. ARCHITECTURE

a. 设计依据 DESIGN BASIS

计划建议书 planning proposals

设计任务书 design order

标准规范 standards and codes

条件图information drawing

设计基础资料b asic data for design

工艺流程图 process flow chart

工程地质资料e ngineering geological data

原始资料 original data

设计进度schedule of design

b. 设计阶段S TAGE OF DESIGN

方案scheme；draft

草图sketch

会谈纪要 summary of discussion,minutes of meeting 谈判negotiation

可行性研究feasibility study

初步设计preliminary design

基础设计basic design

详细设计detail design

询价图enquiry drawing

施工图working drawing, construction drawing

竣工图as built drawing

c. 气象条件C LIMATE CONDITION

日照sunshine

风玫瑰wind rose

主导风向prevailing wind direction

最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity

风荷载wind load

最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall

雷击与闪电 thunder and lightning

飓风hurricane

台风typhoon

旋风cyclone

降雨强度 rainfall intensity

年降雨量 annual rainfall

湿球温度 wet bulb temperature

干球温度dry bulb temperature

冰冻期frost period

冰冻线frost line

冰冻区frost zone

室外计算温度c alculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision

不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure

相对湿度 relative humidity

d.常用房间名称GENERAL ROOM NAME

服务用房 service room

换班室shift room

休息室rest room (break room)

起居室living room

浴室bathroom

淋浴间shower

更衣室locker room

厕所lavatory

门厅 lobby

诊室clinic

工作间workshop

电气开关室 switchroom

走廊corridor

档案室 archive

电梯机房 lift motor room

会议室(正式) conference room

衣柜间ward robe

暖风间 H.V.A.C room

接待处 reception area

会计室accountant room

秘书室secretary room

电气室 electrical room

控制室control room

工长室foreman office

开关柜室switch gear

前室 antecabinet (Ante.)

生产区production area

马达控制中心Mcc

多功能用房 utility room

化验室laboratory room

经理室manager room

披屋(阁楼) p enthouse

警卫室guard house

e. 屋面与天棚ROOFING AND CEILING

女儿墙 parapet

雨蓬canopy

屋脊roof ridge

坡度 slope

坡跨比 pitch

分水线 water-shed

二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层e xtra ply of felt

檐口eave

挑檐overhanging eave

檐沟eave gutter

平屋面flat roof

坡屋面pitched roof

雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)

汇水面积catchment area

泛水flashing

内排水 interior drainage

外排水 exterior drainage

屋面排水 roof drainage

找平层 leveling course

卷材屋面built-up roofing

天棚ceiling

檩条purlin

屋面板roofing board

天花板ceiling board

防水层water-proof course

检查孔inspection hole

人孔 ; 探空 manhole

吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling

檐板(窗帘盒) c ornice

f.墙体(外墙板) WALL (CLADDING)

砖墙brick wall

砌块墙block wall

清水砖墙brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall

石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board

空心砖墙 hollow brick wall

承重墙 bearing wall

非承重墙non-bearing wall

纵墙longitudinal wall

横墙transverse wall

外墙external (exterior) wall

内墙internal (interior) wall

填充墙filler wall

防火墙fire wall

窗间墙wall between window

空心墙cavity wall

压顶 coping

圈梁gird, girt, girth

玻璃隔断glazed wall

防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)

遮阳板sunshade

阳台balcony

伸缩缝expansion joint

沉降缝settlement joint

抗震缝seismic joint

复合夹心板sandwich board

压型单板 corrugated single steel plate

外墙板cladding panel

复合板composite panel

轻质隔断light-weight partition

牛腿 bracket

砖烟囱 brick chimney

勒脚(基座) plinth

g. 地面与地沟FLOOR AND TRENCH

地坪grade

地面和楼面ground and floor

素土夯实 rammed earth

炉渣夯实 tamped cinder

填土filled earth

回填土夯实tamped backfill

垫层 bedding course, blinding

面层covering, finish

结合层 bonding (binding) course

找平层 leveling course

素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course

混凝土地面 concrete floor

水泥地面cement floor

机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor 水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring

马赛克地面 mosaic flooring

瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring

油地毡地面linoleum flooring

预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring

硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring

搁栅joist

硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring

企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring

防酸地面 acid-resistant floor

钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab) 乙烯基地面vinyl flooring

水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo

地面做2％坡f loor with 2% slope

集水沟 gully

集水口 gulley

排水沟 drainage trench

沟盖板trench cover

《土木工程专业英语》段兵延第二版全书文章翻译精编版

第一课土木工程学土木工程学作为最老的工程技术学科，是指规划，设计，施工及对建筑环境的管理。此处的环境包括建筑符合科学规范的所有结构，从灌溉和排水系统到火箭发射设施。土木工程师建造道路，桥梁，管道，大坝，海港，发电厂，给排水系统，医院，学校，公共交通和其他现代社会和大量人口集中地区的基础公共设施。他们也建造私有设施，比如飞机场，铁路，管线，摩天大楼，以及其他设计用作工业，商业和住宅途径的大型结构。此外，土木工程师还规划设计及建造完整的城市和乡镇，并且最近一直在规划设计容纳设施齐全的社区的空间平台。土木一词来源于拉丁文词“公民”。在1782年，英国人John Smeaton为了把他的非军事工程工作区别于当时占优势地位的军事工程师的工作而采用的名词。自从那时起，土木工程学被用于提及从事公共设施建设的工程师，尽管其包含的领域更为广阔。领域。因为包含范围太广，土木工程学又被细分为大量的技术专业。不同类型的工程需要多种不同土木工程专业技术。一个项目开始的时候，土木工程师要对场地进行测绘，定位有用的布置，如地下水水位，下水道，和电力线。岩土工程专家则进行土力学试验以确定土壤能否承受工程荷载。环境工程专家研究工程对当地的影响，包括对空气和地下水的可能污染，对当地动植物生活的影响，以及如何让工程设计满足政府针对环境保护的需要。交通工程专家确定必需的不同种类设施以减轻由整个工程造成的对当地公路和其他交通网络的负担。同时，结构工程专家利用初步数据对工程作详细规划，设计和说明。从项目开始到结束，对这些土木工程专家的工作进行监督和调配的则是施工管理专家。根据其他专家所提供的信息，施工管理专家计算材料和人工的数量和花费，所有工作的进度表，订购工作所需要的材料和设备，雇佣承包商和分包商，还要做些额外的监督工作以确保工程能按时按质完成。贯穿任何给定项目，土木工程师都需要大量使用计算机。计算机用于设计工程中使用的多数元件（即计算机辅助设计，或者CAD）并对其进行管理。计算机成为了现代土木工程师的必备品，因为它使得工程师能有效地掌控所需的大量数据从而确定建造一项工程的最佳方法。结构工程学。在这一专业领域，土木工程师规划设计各种类型的结构，包括桥梁，大坝，发电厂，设备支撑，海面上的特殊结构，美国太空计划，发射塔，庞大的天文和无线电望远镜，以及许多其他种类的项目。结构工程师应用计算机确定一个结构必须承受的力：自重，风荷载和飓风荷载，建筑材料温度变化引起的胀缩，以及地震荷载。他们也需确定不同种材料如钢筋，混凝土，塑料，石头，沥青，砖，铝或其他建筑材料等的复合作用。水利工程学。土木工程师在这一领域主要处理水的物理控制方面的种种问题。他们的项目用于帮助预防洪水灾害，提供城市用水和灌溉用水，管理控制河流和水流物，维护河滩及其他滨水设施。此外，他们设计和维护海港，运河与水闸，建造大型水利大坝与小型坝，以及各种类型的围堰，帮助设计海上结构并且确定结构的位置对航行影响。岩土工程学。专业于这个领域的土木工程师对支撑结构并影响结构行为的土壤和岩石的特性进行分析。他们计算建筑和其他结构由于自重压力可能引起的沉降，并采取措施使之减少到最小。他们也需计算并确定如何加强斜坡和填充物的稳定性以及如何保护结构免受地震和地下水的影响。环境工程学。在这一工程学分支中，土木工程师设计，建造并监视系统以提供安全的饮用水，同时预防和控制地表和地下水资源供给的污染。他们也设计，建造并监视工程以控制甚至消除对土地和空气的污染。他们建造供水和废水处理厂，设计空气净化器和其他设备以最小化甚至消除由工业加工、焚化及其他产烟生产活动引起的空气污染。他们也采用建造特殊倾倒地点或使用有毒有害物中和剂的措施来控制有毒有害废弃物。此外，工程师还对垃圾掩埋进行设计和管理以预防其对周围环境造成污染。

土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)

第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分： 1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法 2 专业英语Specialty English 3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering 4 土木工程Civil Engineering 5 地下工程Underground Engineering 6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering 7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering 8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering 9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering 10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics 11 交通工程Traffic Engineering 12 港口工程Port Engineering 13 安全性safety 17木结构timber structure 18 砌体结构masonry structure 19 混凝土结构concrete structure 20 钢结构steelstructure 21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure 22 素混凝土plain concrete 23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 24 钢筋rebar 25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete 26 静定结构statically determinate structure 27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure 28 桁架结构truss structure 29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure 30 近海工程offshore engineering 31 静力学statics 32运动学kinematics 33 动力学dynamics 34 简支梁simply supported beam 35 固定支座fixed bearing 36弹性力学elasticity 37 塑性力学plasticity 38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity 39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics 40 土力学soil mechanics 41 水力学hydraulics 42 流体力学fluid mechanics 43 固体力学solid mechanics 44 集中力concentrated force 45 压力pressure 46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure 47 均布压力uniform pressure 48 体力body force 49 重力gravity 50 线荷载line load 51 弯矩bending moment 52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress 54 应变stain 55 正应力normal stress 56 剪应力shearing stress 57 主应力principal stress 58 变形deformation 59 内力internal force 60 偏移量挠度deflection 61 settlement 沉降 62 屈曲失稳buckle 63 轴力axial force 64 允许应力allowable stress 65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis 66 梁beam 67 壳shell 68 板plate 69 桥bridge 70 桩pile 71 主动土压力active earth pressure 72 被动土压力passive earth pressure 73 承载力load-bearing capacity 74 水位water Height 75 位移displacement 76 结构力学structural mechanics 77 材料力学material mechanics 78 经纬仪altometer 79 水准仪level 80 学科discipline 81 子学科sub-discipline 82 期刊journal ,periodical 83文献literature 84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号 85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号 86 卷volume 87 期number 88 专着monograph 89 会议论文集Proceeding 90 学位论文thesis, dissertation 91 专利patent 92 档案档案室archive 93 国际学术会议conference 94 导师advisor 95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis 96 博士研究生doctorate student 97 研究生postgraduate 98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引 99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引 100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引 101 题目title 102 摘要abstract 103 全文full-text 104 参考文献reference 105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation 106 主题词Subject 107 关键字keyword 108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会 109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署

理工英语3作文3个

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土木工程专业英语正文课文翻译

(完整版)土木工程专业英语常用词汇

Part IV：Commonly Used Professional Terms of Civil Engineering development organization 建设单位 design organization 设计单位 construction organization 施工单位 reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 pile 桩 steel structure 钢结构 aluminium alloy 铝合金 masonry 砌体（工程）reinforced ~ 配筋砌体load-bearing ~ 承重砌体unreinforced ~非配筋砌体 permissible stress (allowable stress) 容许应力plywood 胶合板 retaining wall 挡土墙 finish 装修 finishing material装修材料 ventilation 通风 natural ~ 自然通风 mechanical ~ 机械通风 diaphragm wall (continuous concrete wall) 地下连续墙 villa 别墅 moment of inertia 惯性矩 torque 扭矩 stress 应力normal ~ 法向应力shear ~ 剪应力 strain 应变 age hardening 时效硬化 air-conditioning system空调系统 (air) void ration（土）空隙比 albery壁厨，壁龛 a l mery壁厨，贮藏室 anchorage length锚固长度 antiseismic joint 防震缝 architectural appearance 建筑外观 architectural area 建筑面积 architectural design 建筑设计 fiashing 泛水 workability (placeability) 和易性 safety glass安全玻璃 tempered glass (reinforced glass) 钢化玻璃foamed glass泡沫玻璃 asphalt沥青 felt (malthoid) 油毡 riveted connection 铆接 welding焊接 screwed connection 螺栓连接 oakum 麻刀，麻丝 tee三通管 tap存水弯 esthetics美学 formwork 模板（工程） shoring 支撑 batching 配料 slipform construction (slipforming) 滑模施工 lfit-slab construction 升板法施工 mass concrete 大体积混凝土 terrazzo水磨石 construction joint 施工缝 honeycomb蜂窝，空洞，麻面 piled foundation桩基 deep foundation 深基础 shallow foundation浅基础 foundation depth基础埋深 pad foundation独立基础 strip foundation 条形基础 raft foundation筏基 box foundation箱形基础 BSMT=basement 地下室 lift 电梯electric elevator lift well电梯井 escalator 自动扶梯 Poisson’s ratio 泊松比μ Young’s modulus , modulus of elasticity 杨氏模量，弹性模量E safety coefficient 安全系数 fatigue failure 疲劳破坏 bearing capacity of foundations 地基承载力bearing capacity of a pile 单桩承载力 two-way-reinforcement 双向配筋 reinforced concrete two-way slabs钢筋混凝土双向板 single way slab单向板 window blind 窗帘sun blind wind load 风荷载 curing 养护 watertight concrete 防水混凝土 white cement白水泥 separating of concrete混凝土离折segregation of concrete mortar 砂浆~ joint 灰缝 pilaster 壁柱 fire rating耐火等级 fire brick 耐火砖 standard brick标准砖

自我介绍作文之英语作文自我介绍带翻译

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