中考英语数词讲解与练习

数词可分为基数词（Cardinal Numbers）和序数词（Or dinal Numbers）两种。前者表示数量，后者表示顺序。

第一节知识点概述

一、基数词和序数词的表示法

（一）数词的词形

（1）在1-12中，1-12为基数词中的数词；序数词1-3为特殊变化，序数词4-12在基数词词尾加-th。[注意fifth (第五)；ninth (第九)和twelfth (第十二)的特殊拼写]

（2）在13-19中，13-19基数词在数词3-9后加-teen构成。其中13 和15 发生拼写变化thirteen 和fifteen 相应序数词在基数词后加-th构成。13-19岁的少年用teens (in one’s teens在某人十多岁时)

（3）在20-90整十位数，在基数词2-9之后加-ty构成。其中20、30、40、50拼法特殊。在构成相应的序数词时，将词尾y变i，再加-eth。表示二十多岁等用twenty 等的复数twenties. (in one’s twenties 在某人二十多岁时)

（4）十位数之间的数，由十位数加个位数构成，中间用连字符。构成序数词时，连字符前为基数词，后为序数词。如：二十五twenty-five; 第九十九ninety-ninth.

（5）100以上数词,整百位数由1-9加hundred构成，序数词在词尾加-th；整千位数由1-9加thousand构成，序数词在词尾加-th.在百位和十位，个位间(没有十位时，在百位和个位须加and),如：141 one hundred and forty-one；1001 one thousand two hundred and one 构成序数词只将最后一个数变成序数词。

（二）使用基数词的情况

（1）念数(o 念作/o /或zero)

（2）电话号码（62083338）

（3）事物表示顺序(名词在前，如：Room 303; Worl d War Two)

（4）货币(100 dollars)

（5）度量(50 kilos)

（6）小数(2.5 meters)

（三）使用序数词的情况

（1）第几

（2）月份后的号(August 5th)

（3）事物表示顺序(名词在后，如：the fiftieth page; t he Second World War)

二、分数、小数、百分比、倍数、四则运算的表示方法

类别说明例词或例句

分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母的序数词用复数。1/2 读作 a (one) half

1/3 读作a (one) third

1/4读作a (one) quarter; a (one) fourth

4/5读作four fifths

4 2/3 读作four and two thirds

Two thirds of the surface earth is covered by water.

小数小数点读作point。小数后面各数都按个位基数词读；小数点前面仍按基数词读。零读作o/u/或zero.0.7 读作zero ( u) point seven

25.25 读作twenty-five point two five

百分比百分比由基数词+percent组成（% ）2% 读作two percent

44%读作forty-four percent

100%读作one hundred percent

More than 25 percent of the surface of the ground is c overed with grass. 百分之二十五的地面被草复盖着。

倍数(1)倍数+as+形(副)原级+as

(2)倍数+形(副)比较级+than

(3)倍数+ the size(length)+ of (表示大小或数量的名词)as large as

This room is three times larger than that one.

the size of

注意：上述三个结构的意义是相同的。

汉译表达：

“这间房是那间房的三倍大”；“这间房比那间房大两倍”加、减、乘、除四则运算用基数词表示

加号用plus / and

减号用minus

乘号用times

除号用divided by9+8=17，读作Nine plus (and) eight is seventeen.

11-5=6 ，读作Eleven minus five is six.

6×5=30，读作Six times five is thirty.

35÷7=5，读作Thirty-five divided by seven is five.

第二节实战演练

一、例题选讲

例1—This is second book I’ve read today．—Are you going to read third one?

A．a，a B．a，the C．the，a D．the，the

答案：C提示：序数词前面一般要加the，但在不强调次序，只表达“重复”的概念时，second，third等序数词前面只要加不定冠词。这时他们的含义是“另一”，“再一”。

例2There are six students in our school．A．hundreds B．hundreds of C．hundred

D．hundred of

答案：C提示：hundred一词表示百，后面不能加s，如on e hundred，two hundred。如果hundred后面加s，则要与of连用，写成hundreds of表示“数以百计的、成百上千的”。例310月1 El的正确读法是

A．October the first B．October No. one C．Octo ber one D．October first one

答案：A提示：对月日的读法英语中月用固定单词，日用序数词与定冠词the连用

例4of them have passed the exam．A．Three quarter B．Three quarters

答案： B

提示：在英语中分数词是以基数词和序数词合成的，基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母，除了分子是“l”的情况外，序数词都要用复数。例如：one-third，two-thirds。

二、复习时需要注意的要点

（1）Hundred, thousand和million前面有具体数词(包括数量词several) 都不能加-s, 但可以加-s和of连用，表示几百, 几千, 几百万人或物。如：three thousand people 三千人；thousands of people 几千人或成千上万个人（2）一般年份分两个基数词念，如：

1999年—nineteen ninety-nine

但2000年—the year two thousand

2008年—two thousand and eight

公元前450—four hundred fifty B.C.

（3）几月几日有两种念法

1 September念the first of September

Match 8th念March the eighth

（4）时刻表示法有两种

1）用past 表示几点过几分。(过半用to, 表示几点差几分)整点的o’clock可省去,分钟如是五的倍数, minutes可省去；15分钟可用a quarter；30分钟可用half。如：a qu arter past one; twenty to six; two minutes to two; half past six

2）分别念钟点和分钟(o’clock, minute 不必念)

3:25 (读作three twenty-five )

（5）表示一次用once；两次用twice；三次开始用基数词+times表示。如：

Three times;ten times

第三节巩固练习

I选择填空

（）1.—How much is 2/3 _____ 1/2?

—1/3.

A. plus

B. divided by

C. times

D. minus

（）２. TV was one of the greatest inventions in th e _______ century.

A. nineteenth

B. twenty

C. twentieth

D. twentith

（）３. My father began to learn Japanese when he was ______.

A. in his fourties

B. in his forties

C. in him fortieth

D. in his fourty

（）４. _______ of the college student in the college work during the summer holidays.

A. A half

B.Half

C.Quarter

D. Three quarter

（）５. The People’s Republic of China was founde d on ______.

A . October 1.1949 B.July 1.1 921

C.August 1.1927

D.Decembe r 25.1950

（）６. Does an elephant weigh _______?

A. two and a half ton

B. two tons and a hal f

C. a tons

D. half ton

（）７. My sister will have her _______ birthday ne xt year.

A. twelve

B. twelfth

C. twelfieth

D. ei ght

（）８. How much is 2/3 plus 4/5?_______.

A.One and seven fifteenths 1 7/15.

B. One seven fifteenth 1 7/15.

C. One and seven fifteenth 1 7/15.

D. One seven fifteenths 1 7/15.

（）９. The pocket calculator is only ______ the siz e of the old type.

A. one forth

B. one four

C. one fourth

D. one fourteen

（）10. This is a ______ road. It is ______ the new ly built road.

A.twenty-metres-wide , half as wide as

B.twenty-meters-width , a half as wide as

C.twenty meters wide ,half the width of

D.twenty-meter-wide , half as wide as

（）11. The number of the students in our school i s ______ that in their school.

A.two times as many as

B.twice as more as

C.two times as much as

D.twice times as

many as

（）12. Is the young engineer ______ or ______?

A.over thirty…under thirty

B.on thirty…u

nder thirty

C.over thirtieth…under thirtieth

D.over thirti

es…under thirties

（）13. ______ ago there lived huge animals on the earth.

A. Several millions years

B. Several millions o

f years

C. Million of years

D. Millions of year

（）14. It took me ______ to finish reading the ma gazine.

A. half hour

B. an half hour

C. half a n hour

D. half a hour

II下列各句中A,B,C,D中有一处是错的，指出并改正:

1. My brother bought (A) a detective storybook; he sai

d it was wonderful (B), especially Part Second (C), whi ch h

e thought was the best in (D) the whole book. （）

2. Though in their sixty (A), many retired workers pref er (B) to go out for all (C) kinds of jobs (D). （）

3. The 9 (A) National Sport Games (B) will be held (C) in Guangzhou in 2004 (D). （）

4. Christmas (A) is coming. Mother is going to buy thr ee dozens eggs (B), two kilos of sugar (C) and some fre sh butter (D) in the supermarket. （）

5. A half (A) of his books (B) he bought are (C) writte n in English (D). （）

6. The Yangtze River is the first (A) longest river in C hina (B) and the third (C) longest one in the world (D).（）

III.汉译英(每格一词，数词要拼写单词)

1—_______ _______ (多少) students are there in ____ __ _______ (三年级)？

—______ _________ ___________ ___________ (四百四十四个). _________ ________ _________ (一半) the students are boys. _________ (2/3) of the students liv

e at school except Saturday and Sunday.

2.December is the _________ (第十二) month of the y

ear. _____________ __________ __________ is Chris tmas.

3.It is _________ __________ _______ (五月二日). It i s his ____________ (九岁)birthday.

4.Abraham Lincoln was the __________ (十六任) presi dent of the United States of America.

5.Madam Curie was one of the greatest physicists in the ____________ (二十) century.

6.On the fine nights we can see ___________ _______ ___ (成百万个) stars in the sky.

7.We have built a new library. It is _________ _____

_____ __________ ____________ (大两倍) the old on

8.He has spent _________ ________ ____ (半天) in wr

iting a ___________ (两千个字的) article.

9.—Where do you live?

—___________ ___________ __________ __________ (1202房间) the _________ (十二) floor.

10. At the age of ______________ (四岁), she began to l

earn French, and he began to learn Russian in her

______________ (四十多岁).

答案

I、

II、

1.C Part Second 改为Part Two / the Second Part

2.A in their sixty改为in their sixties

3.A The 9改为The 9th

4.B three dozens eggs改为three dozen eggs基数词

用于dozen (I打，十II个)或score (II十)前，表示定数，基数词大于1时，dozen, score 仍用单数形式

5.A a half改为half

6.A first 去掉

III、

1.How many; Grade Three; Four hundred and forty-fo

ur; About half of; Two-thirds

2.twelfth; December the twenty-fifth

3.May the second; ninth

4.sixteenth

5.twentieth

https://www.360docs.net/doc/409743932.html,lions of

7.twice as big as

8.half a day; two-thousand-word

9.Room twelve 0 two; twelfth

10.four; forties

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数词专项练习 I. 单项选择。 1. —Good morning, Madam. Can I help you? —Sure, I’d like ________for cooking vegetables. A. two cups of tea B. three pieces of bread C. five kilos of oil D. four bottles of milk 2. Nearly _______of the earth _______ covered by sea. A. three fourth，is B. three fourths，is C. three fourth，are D. three fourths，are 3. —We’ll be back for our school’s ____anniversary ceremony. —I see. That means you’ll have a get-toget her with your classmates in _______ years. A. fifteen，seven B. fifteenth，seven C. fifteen，seventh D. fifteenth，seventh 4. —Whi ch class won the match in the end? —I’m not quite sure. Perhaps _________did. A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three Class 5. There are ________ people in the supermarket. It’s so crowded. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 6. The number of the students in our school is about nine ______. ______ of them are boys. A. hundred; Two thirds B. hundred; Two third C. hundreds; Two thirds D. hundreds; Two third 7. My brother is a ______ boy and he can’t go to school now. A. four years B. four-year-old C. four-years-old D. four years old 8. It is said that the big fish in the lake i s about ______. A. four meters long B. four meter long C. four-meter long D. four-meters long 9. —What’s the date today? —It is _______. A. March the eighth B. March eight C. eight March D. eighth March

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