电大英语考试题卷号

国家开放大学电大考试《建筑力学》课程期末重点模拟试卷整理汇总(考试精华版)

中央广播电视大学2015—学年度第一学期“开放专科”期末考试 建筑力学 试题 年1月 一、单项选择题（每小题3分，共计30分） 1．约束反力中含有力偶的支座为( )。 A ．固定铰支座 B ．固定端支座 C ．可动铰支座 D ．都不是 2．截面法求杆件截面内力的三个主要步骤顺序为( )。 A ．列平衡方程、画受力图、取分离体 B ．画受力图、列平衡方程、取分离体 C ．画受力图、取分离体、列平衡方程 D ．取分离体、画受力图、列平衡方程 3．在一对( )位于杆件的纵向平面内的力偶作用下，杆件将产生弯曲变形，杆的轴线由直线弯曲成曲线。 A ．大小相等 B ．大小相等、方向相反 C ．大小相等、方向相同 D ．方向相反 4．低碳钢的拉伸过程中，( )阶段的特点是应力几乎不变。 A ．弹性 B ．屈服 C ．强化 D ．颈缩 5．轴心受压直杆，当压力值P F 恰好等于某一临界值Pcr F 时，压杆可以在微弯状态下处于新的平衡，称压杆的这种状态的平衡为( )。 A ．稳定平衡 B ．不稳定平衡 C ．随遇平衡 D ．不知道 6．欲求梁某一点的线位移，应在该点设( )。 A ．一单位集中力 B ．一单位集中力偶 C ．一对单位集中力 D ．一对单位集中力偶 7．图示单跨梁AB 的转动刚度AB S 是（ ）。（l EI i ） A ．3i B ．6i C ．4i D ．－i

8．矩形截面，高为h ，宽为b ，则其抗弯截面模量为（ ）。 A ．62bh B ．63bh C ．122bh D ．12 3 bh 9．在力法典型方程的系数和自由项中，数值恒大于零的有（ ）。 A ．主系数 B ．主系数和副系数 C ．主系数和自由项 D ．副系数和自由项 10．图示单跨梁的传递系数是（ ）。 A ．0 B ．—1 C ．0.5 D ．2 二、判断题（每小题2分，共计30分。将判断结果填入括弧，以√表示正确，以×表示错误） 1．在约束的类型中，结点可分为铰结点、刚结点、自由结点。( ) 2．交于一点的力所组成的力系，可以合成为一个合力，合力在坐标轴上的投影等于各分力在同一轴上投影的代数和。( ) 3．在平面力系中，所有力作用线汇交于一点的力系，称为平面一般力系，有3个平衡方程。( ) 4．多余约束是指维持体系几何不变性所多余的约束。( ) 5．杆件变形的基本形式共有轴向拉伸与压缩、剪切、扭转和弯曲四种。( ) 6．截面上的剪力使研究对象有逆时针转向趋势时取正值。( ) 7．作材料的拉伸试验的试件，中间部分的工作长度是标距，规定圆形截面的试件，标距和直径之比为5：1或10： 1。( ) 8．平面图形的对称轴一定通过图形的形心。( ) 9．两端固定的压杆，其长度系数是一端固定、一端自由的压杆的4倍。( ) 10．挠度向下为正，转角逆时针转向为正。( )

电大学位英语试题及答案

学位英考试试题-1 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal. It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history--normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different. In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly--but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal! Why was this man so well preserved? (76) It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe fi:om the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes. How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called,“Lindow Man”. (77) His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn't died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods. 1. Which language does the word “archaeology”come from? A. French. B. Greek. C. Roman. D. German. 2. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to_______. A. letters B. photographs C. paintings D. objects 3. Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”? A. Ice and Iow temperature. B. Bacteria and oxygen. C. Soil and energy. D. Acid and water. 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

电大学位英语试题真题(20201101115252)

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统 一考试 2011.11.05 Part I Reading Comprehension （30%） Directions ：There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ，B ，C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage： The reflective towers of New York City ，which is on the Atlantic migrating （迁徙的）route ，can be deadly for birds. “We live in an age of glass，” said https://www.360docs.net/doc/4113070717.html,urel ，an architect.（76）“ It can be a perfect mirror in certain lights ，and the larger the glass，the more dangerous it is.” About 90，000 birds are killed by flying into building in the city each year. Often ，they strike the lower levels of glass towers after searching for food in nearby parks. Such crashes are the second-leading cause of death for migrating birds, after habitat （栖息地）loss, with an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a year. （77）As glass office and apartment towers have increased in the last decade, so, too, have calls to make them less deadly to birds. San Francisco adopted bird-safety standard for new building in July. The United States Green Building Council , a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of environmentally conscious buildings , will introduce a bird-safety credit this as part of its environmental certification process. There are no easy fixes , however. A few researchers are exploring glass designs that use ultraviolet （紫外线的）signals, but they are still in their infancy. Covers, dot patterns, shades and net are the main options available. Often , only one section of a building needs to be changed. “ You don‘ t necessarily have to treat every window ,” https://www.360docs.net/doc/4113070717.html,urel said. “ It would be too expensive to do the whole building. ” The Jacob Convention Center, which has been undergoing alterations , is the most recent building to voluntarily correct the problem of bird crashes. The architects used less reflective glass and dot patterns. 1. What is the main idea of the passage？ A. New York is a city of glass towers. B. Glass tower are dangerous for migrating birds. C. New York adopted new safety standards for buildings. D. Glass towers are a new trend in the United States. 2. What is the number one cause of death for migrating birds？ A. Climate change B. Habitat loss C. Lack of food D. Crashing into buildings. 3. What does the word “fixes” in the third paragraph probably mean ？ A. Choices B. Explanations C. Solutions D. Developments 4. ___ are used in the alteration of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. A. Dot patterns B. Shades C. Nets D. Covers 5. Which of the fowling statements is TRUE according to the passage？ A. In many cases, the whole building needs to be altered to prevent bird crashes. B. The Jacob K.Javits Convention Center is the first building to deal with the problem of bird crashes. C. About 90 , 000 birds are killed due to habitat loss in New York City each year. D. Unfortunately , glass designs that use ultraviolet signals are still in their early stages. Passage 2 Question 6 to 10 are based on the fowling passage： Today‘s students have grown up hearing more about Bill Gates than F.D.R. , and they live in a world where amazing innovations （革新）are common. The current 18-year-olds, after all, were 8 when Google was founded by two students at Stanford；Mark Zuckerberg founded Facebook in 2004 while he was Harvard and they were entering high school. Having grown up digital （数字的）, they are impatient to get on with life. The easiest way to find kids like these is to check in on entrepreneurship （企业家才能）education , in which colleges and universities try to prepare their students to recognize opportunities and seize them. A report published last year by the Kauffman Foundation , which finances programs to promote innovation on campuses, noted that more than 50, 000 entrepreneurship programs are offered on two-and four-year campuses—up from just 250 courses in 1985. Lesa Mitchell , a Kauffman vice president, says that the foundation is extending the reach of its academic influence , which used to be found only in business schools. Now , the concept of entrepreneurship is blooming in engineering programs and medical school , and even in the liberal arts. “Our interest is the programs ,” she says. “ We need to spread out from the business school.” Either as class projects or on their own , students in a variety of majors are coming up with ideas, writing business plans and seeing them through to prototype and , often, market. In their spare time , students in agricultural economics at Purdue invent new uses for bean ；industrial design majors at Syracuse, in special laboratory , create wearable technologies. （78）The entrepreneurship movement has its critics , especially among those who see college as a time for extensive academic exploration. “I just don ‘t think that entrepreneurship ranks so high in terms of national need ,” says Daniel S.Greenberg, author of Science for sale：The perils, Rewards and Delusions of Campus Capitalism. Leonard A.Schlesinger , Babson College‘s president, says that the question of whether innovation can really be taught is “ an age-old argument” 6. When Google and Facebook were established , the founders were still ____ . A. in high school B. in the army C. in primary school D. at college 7. According to the passage, what is the main purpose of entrepreneurship education ？ A. To prepare students for future academic life

学位英语考试真题-文档

2017 年4 月成人高等教育本科毕业生申请学士学位 外国语水平考试广东) A 英语试卷一 Part I Dialogue completion (15 points) Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points) Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 points) Part IV Cloze (10 points) 考生须知 1.本试卷分试卷一和试卷二两部分，试卷一满分85分，试卷二满分15分，考试时间共 120分钟。 2. 本试卷一为A型试卷，请将答案用2B铅笔填涂在A型试卷一答题卡上，答在试卷或其他类型答题卡上的无效。答题前请核对试卷一答题卡是否为A型卡，若不是，请要求监考人员予以更换。 3. 答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在代表答案的字母上划线，如[A] [B] [C] [D] Part I Dialogue Completion (l5 points) Directions: There are I5 short in complete dialogues in this part, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER Sheet. 1.Speaker A: ______ I guess I’m addicted to the Internet. Speaker B: So you’d better quit surfing the Net deep into the night. A.I knew it. B. Why, it’s a pity! C. I can't help it. D. What seems to be the problem? 2. Speaker A: Don't be sad, I'm sure things will change for the better soon. Speaker B: ______. A. That sounds awful. B. Yes you're probably right. C. I hope not! D. You are welcome! 3. Speaker A: Can I get some information about the training program here? Speaker B: _______ A. Yes, you do B. Go ahead C. You certainly can D. That's fun 4. Speaker A: Tom, would you like to go to a party this Saturday? SpeakerB:______ What kind of party? Speaker A: It's a birthday party. A. Sounds good B. Looks nice C. Seems all right D. Feels OK 5. Waiter: ______? Customer: Yes, I'll have a steak, medium rare, with French fries. A. What do you want to eat B. Have you decided what to do yet C. Excuse me, are you ready to order now D. Sorry, but who'd like to order

期末考试重点复习内容

复习应考指南 共分三个部分： 一、复习应考基本要求 二、复习应考资料及其使用 三、复习应考重点范围辅导 一、复习应考基本要求本学科是中央电大开放教育本科行政管理本科的必修课，课程结业考试实行全国统一考试。 （一）考试范围见中央电大“期末复习指导”各章的考核知识点及考核要求（二）考试形式 闭卷笔试；考试时间：90 分钟 （三）试题类型 1、单项选择题 2、多项选择题 3、填空 4、名词解释 5、简答题 6、论述题 二、复习应考的资料及其使用 （一）平时作业：考试时约占30%的内容

（二）中央电大期末复习指导 （三）《行政法与行政诉讼法学习指导书》 三、特别提示及强调： （一）上述强调的三种复习资料缺一不可，共同构成期末考试内容。 （二）中央电大期末复习指导中的综合练习P19——P43 应是复习考试重点。本书P44——P62 有综合练习的部分答案。但名词解释被略。 （三）中央电大“期末复习指导“中综合练习的名词解释答案如下：（以下页码为教材页码） 一章：1、P4 2、P2 3、P10——P114、P45、P6 6 P6 7 、P68、P9 ——- 二章：1、P182、P19 - k 三章：1、P242、P263、P29 四章： 1、P30 2、P30 3、P39 4、P39 5、P39 6、P39 六章：1、 P552、P57 七章： 1、P59 八章： 1、P62 九章： 1、P68 2、P72 3、P69 4、P70 5、P70 6、P70 7、P70 8、P70 9、P7010、P76 11 、P7612、P77 十章： 1、P78 2、81 3、P82 4、P83 十一章：1、P882、P99

历年学位英语试题及答案

广东省学位英语历年真题及答案 - 百度文库 百度文库 搜索文档或关键词 普通分享 > 广东省学位英语历年真题及答案 VIP专享文档 2020-05-09 66页 用App免费查看 I. 会话技能15道15分15分钟 II. 阅读理解20道40分40分钟 III. 词汇和语法40道20分25分钟 IV. 完形填空10道10分10分钟 V . 短文写作100～120个词15分30分钟 考试总时间：120分钟 2011年广东学位英语考试试题及答案 PartⅠ Vocabulary and Structure (25 points, 30 minutes) Directions: There are 50 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular ____ children as Coca Cola. A) for B) with C) to D) in 2. When you buy anything expensive, never forget to ask for the ____ from the shop. A) receipt B) trust C) render D) tale 3. The financial support is decided not only according to your GRE score, but also according to your ____ in college. A) intelligence B) policy C) performance D) statement 4. Professor Smith is also the ____ of the international program office. If you have any problem when you study here, you may go to him for help. A) detective B) president C) manager D) director 5. We do not have a ____ school in our institute. The highest degree we provide for the students is a B. A. and a B. S. .

电大期末考试2018年《领导学基础》课程考试重点复习资料及打印版整理精编

二、名词解释 1、领导（是以实践中心展开的，由拘役社会系统中的领导主体根据领导环境和领导客体的实际情况确定本系统的目标和任务，并通过示范、说服、命令、竞争和合作等途径获取和动用各种资源，引导和规范领导客体、实现既定目标，完成共同事业的强效社会工具和行为互动过程。） 2、领导活动的主体也称领导主体（是指由组织中担任决策、指挥、协调和监督等职责的人员，包括领导个体和领导群体。领导主体是领导活动得以展开并取得成功的核心力量。） 3、领导客体（是指领导活动的执行者与作用对象。主要包括领导者的部属和领导的部分对象） 4、领导手段（是指领导主体适应、利用并改造环境、以及调动和激励下属的方式与方法） 5、行政领导（是指国家行政管理系统中，国家行政机关及其领导者依法行使国家权力，为组织和管理国家行政事务发挥领导职能的行为过程） 6、领导权变理论（是就有关领导者在不同的领导环境因素条件下，如何选取相应的领导方式，最终实现理想的领导效果的理论） 7、内隐领导理论（有关领导概念的看法，既含有领导者是什么，又含有领导者应该是什么样的；既表明了人们对领导者的要求, 也表明了人们对领导者的期望。心理学家将这种探明人们“内心” 领导概念结构的理论之为内隐领导理论。 8、柔性领导（是指在研究人们心理和行为的基础上，依靠领导者的非权力影响力，采取非强制命令的方式，在人们心目中产生一种潜在的说服力，使其自觉服从和认同组织意志，从而把组织意志变为人们自觉的行动的领导行为） 9、领导权力（就是领导者（权力所有人），遵循相关的法律法规，运用多种发法与手段，在实现特定目标的过程中，对被领导者（权力相对人）做岀一定行为与施行一定影响的能力） 10、领导授权（就是在组织系统内部，领导者将组织和人民赋予自己的部分职务权力授予下级行政机关或职能机构，以便下级机关能够在上级的监督下自主地行动和处理行政事务，从而为被授权者提供完成任务所必需的客观条件） 11、充分授权（也叫一般授权，是指上级行政主体在下达任务时，允许下属自己进行决策，并能进行创造性工作。充分授权又可分为三种情况：一是柔性授权；二是模糊授权；三是惰性授权） 12、不充分授权（也称之为特定授权或刚性授权，是指上级行政主体对于下属的工作范围、内容、应达成的目标和完成工作的具体途径都有详细规定，下级行政主体必须严格执行这些规定。在这种形式中，被授权者的职务、责任和权力等均有明确的规定） 13、制约授权（又叫复合授权，是指上级行政主体将某项任务的职权分解授权给两个或多个子系统，使子系统之间产生相互制约的作用，以免岀现疏漏） 14、弹性授权（又称动态授权，是指在完成任务的不同阶段采 15、“腐败”概念（被称作为“权力腐败”概念的简称，它特指权力的蜕变。即权力主体滥用权力或者偏离公共职责，借职务之便获取个人的特殊利益，从而使国家政治生活发生病态变化的过程） 16、权力制约（从一般意义上讲，就是对权力的限制与约束。具体地说，就是享有制约权力的个人或者组织与解体，运用民主、法制与新闻舆论等多种手段，通过各种有效途径，对权力所有人与行使者所形成的特定的限制与约束关系） 17、领导体制（就是指在组织内部与领导活动中，组织机构的设置和领导权限的划分及其所形成的用以规范领导活动范围和方式的制度体系） 18、领导层次（是指领导体制中纵向组织结构的等级层次，有多少等级层次，就有多少领导层次） 19、领导幅度（亦称“领导控制跨度”是指领导者可直接下达 命令发岀指示并直接向他汇报，对他负责的人数） 20、直线式领导组织结构（又称层次制、分级制、金字塔式或传统式组织结构。它将是一个领导系统或单位，在纵向上垂直划分为若干层次（从最高德指挥中心到最低的基层单位）形成一个逐级扩散、层次分明的金字塔式的组织结构） 21、职能式组织结构（又称分职制，它是一种为了完成某一较为复杂的工作任务或特定的领导功能而成立的某些专门性机构） 22、矩阵式组织结构（是一种在混合式领导组织结构的基础上， 按照数学上的矩形方阵原理建立起来的领导体制，又称“规划一一 目标"结构） 23、一长制（又称之为首长负责制或独任制，是指在一个系统或者组织的领导机关内部，其法定的最高决策权力完全集中在一位行政首长身上的领导体制） 24、委员会制（又称之为会议制或者合议制，是指在一个系统或者组织的领导机关内部，其法定的最高决策权力由两位或者两位以上的行政负责人共同行使的领导体制） 25、自然集体领导（是一种原始的、初级的、简单的领导体制，是在原始社会生产力水平十分低下的情况下，产生在原始公有制经济基础之上的。它主要表现为氏族议事会、部落议事会与部落联盟议事会等形式，是适应了当时社会对简单协作劳动的领导与军事指挥要求的领导体制） 26、领导环境（是指制约和推动领导活动发展的各种自然要素和社会要素的总和） 27、职位权力（是指与领导主体的职位相联系的正式职权以及领导主体从其上层和整个组织、群体各方面所取得的支持的程度） 28、领导环境的发展（是指领导主体通过发挥主观能动性，创造适于发挥组织成员积极性的全新环境条件，实现领导环境的优化乃至创新） 29、文化生态学（是研究人与文化、环境及其关系的学科。其主要观点是：强调物质环境的作用是不同文化的风俗、行为和生活 方式的一个有力的决定因素） 30、领导文化（是指领导者群体或个体在领导实践中形成并通过后天学习和社会传递得到发展，对于领导活动的过程、本质、规律、规

电大学位英语考试翻译试题

31. Tom’s father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University.汤姆的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。 32. Please give this book to whoever comes first 请把这本书给最先来的人。. 33. Though it was late, they kept on working尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。 31. Apples here like water and sunshine. 这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。 32. Fred was such a hardworking student that he soon came our first in the class. 弗莱德是一个学习十分用功的学生，以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生 33. Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years. 泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。 31. A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used. 那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用 32. In Foreign Languages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students’ test papers. 在外语系，用阅卷机给学生阅卷 33. The students are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening, reading and writing. 老师鼓励学生多听，多读，多写 31. There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction. 由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。 32. This place has plentiful material resources这个地方的物质资源是丰富的. 33. Various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics. 各种材料的磁性有很大的不同 31. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience. . 我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验到的快乐就越多。 32. Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up. 历史每重演一次，代价就增加（一分）。 33. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger. 在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴 31. In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one. 像这种植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家中都找不到。 32. I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。. 33. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西，未必都是金子 31 Bill hit his car into a wall last night. 昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。 32 Would you please help me with this heavy box? 你能帮我抬一下这个很沉的箱子吗？ 33 He has taught English in this university ever since he moved to this city. 自从他来到这座城市就在这所大学里任教 31 Transistors are small in size and light in weight. 晶体管的体积小，重量轻 32. John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant. 尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。 33. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause. 如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。 31. You needn’t go there anymore. He already knows about it. 你不必去了，他已经知道那件事了。 32. As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家 33. The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere, water, rocks, etc. 大气中的气体、水、岩石都是无机物中最普通的实例 76.The study was means to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。研究意图检测大脑是如何对无线电信号引起的电磁场反应的 77.Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care。专家指出这一结果值得关注，但是在解释时需要特别谨慎 78.Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: We’ve been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s。电子操作的多任务处理也并不是全新的：自从十九世纪三十年代它们流行开始，我们就边开车边听音乐了 79.Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today’s fast-paced workplace, many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend。在如今的快节奏工作环境里，尽管能够多任务处理的孩子在某种程度上也许会准备的更好，但许多科学家的确被这种趋势震惊了。 80.In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades。在德国数十年来核武器已经被反复争论，并且引起广泛的讨论 81. Earthquakewhich recently happened in Japanhad changed the surface of earth。最近发生在日本的地震改变了