英文试题：劳动经济学期末考试

One interpretation, terminology (5×4=20Min)

1.Seasonal unemployment: Due to changes in climate regular unemployment caused by the impact on production, consumption, known as seasonal unemployment

https://www.360docs.net/doc/414879741.html,bour force participation rate

In a given period of time, in the context of working age set by the State of the community's population proportion of job seekers and job seekers.

3. Elasticity of labor supply

Caused by changes in rates of wage-labor supply and wage percentage rates of change of the ratio of the percentage of change.

4.Household production function

Measuring household wealth and services for their own consumption created by the utility function。

5.Internal labor markets:Internal labour market, refers to according to the rules, practices and enterprise employees within an organization or Enterprise agreement or an employee of the organization runs, enterprise employees within the organization by recruiting, hiring, promotion, transfer, lay off, cancellation or termination of labor contract management system consisting of.

6.Effective demand:Under the condition of economic actors in its budget may, taking into account market prices on the local market and other markets and he encountered after quantitative restrictions, to maximize their utility function and form requirements.

7.Involuntary unemployment:A market disequilibrium phenomena, he is not caused by the real wage rate is too high to, but because of falling demand products manufacturer sales difficulties, on the formation of the labour supply limit the number of situations of unemployment.

Second, the single choice questions(10x1.5=15)

1． Using standardized research methods to study economic phenomena is the starting point and the end of(a)

A． Objective fact b.Value judgment

C.Movement of economic phenomenon itself

D.Economic phenomenon of internal logic

2.According to the conditions of the principal balance, the main conditions for maximum effectiveness in resource-constrained conditions must be met are( C )

A.Wage rate is greater than the marginal rate of substitution

B.Wage rate is less than the marginal rate of substitution

C.Wage rate equal to the marginal rate of substitution

D.Wage rate equal to the marginal rate of technical substitution

3.Marginal product of labour is the( A )

A.Increasing the labour factor input and increase the production of a unit

B.Increasing the labour factor input and the increase in income of a unit

C.Add a unit of the labour factor input and increase product value

D.Add a unit increase in wage labour factor input input

4.The following is part of the enterprise was employed in the direct costs ( D )

A.Annual gross salary of the employee

B.Employee's annual bonus

C.Recruitment advertising rates

D.Participate in staff salaries

5.Two factors affecting real wages is( A )

A.Monetary wage and price index

B.Time and price indices

C.Monetary wages and hours

D.Monetary wages and prices of some commodities

6.In the labour market, will make the labor supply curve to the right of the( A ) structure

A.Reduced capacity of the trade union organization control labor supply

B.Workers ' organization level enhanced

C.Scale of trade union organizations

D.Enterprise priority hiring Union members

Leave

https://www.360docs.net/doc/414879741.html,bour law in China15Provides the minimum legal age for employment in China( B )

A.15Years old

B.16Years old

C.17Years old

D.18Years old

8.The new classical school (D) Introduced a key theoretical concepts founded on labour demand and supply.

A.Marshall

B.Schultz

C.Adam Smith

D.Hicks

9.Reflecting the curve is the relationship between unemployment and inflation rates (A）

A.Busy Philipps curve

B.Indifference curve

C.Keel Lorenz curve

D. Laffer curve

10.The horizontal axis parallel to the labor supply elasticity of labor supply curves (D）

A. 0

B. 1

C.The infinitesimal

D.-infinity

11.Money wage affected mainly (A）Institutional arrangements, work related to the length of time and wages.

A.Currency rates

B.Money wage

C.Price index

D.Real wages

12.The wage rate when you maintain a high level and also at a higher level of

income, as the wage rate, labor supply would be reduced, because ( b )

A.Income effect is greater than the substitution effect

B.Income effect is less than the substitution effect

C.Income effect is greater than the economies of scale

D.Substitution effect is less than the economies of scale

13． If two types of labor force total complementary relationship exists, these two types of demand for labour ( c)

A． Its elasticity of demand is negative b. Its demand elasticity is positive

C． Cross elasticity of wages to a negative value d. Cross is positive wage elasticity

14.In the labour market in a dynamic equilibrium models,“Condition of spinal instability”Refers to( B )

A.Elasticity of labor supply elasticity is less than the demand for labour

B.Elasticity of labor supply elasticity greater than the demand for labour

C.Elasticity of labor supply elasticity is equal to the demand for labour

https://www.360docs.net/doc/414879741.html,bor supply elasticity is equal to the marginal rate of substitution

Three.Short Answer Questions (6×7=42Min)

1.What are paint and explain the elasticity of demand for labour, namely the factors that influence?

Answer: (1) Elasticity of demand for labour is no;

（2) Elasticity of demand for labour is less than1；

（3) Elasticity of demand for labour is equal to1；

（4) Elasticity of demand for labour is greater than the1；

（5) Elasticity of demand for labour to infinity.

From a general sense, labor demand elasticity refers to labor demand variability in a flat wage rate changes, that is, changes in rates of pay 1%, Percentage changes in labour demand.

Effect labor demand elastic of factors main around alternative effect and scale effect to for of, is wage rate of changes from two a aspects effect employment level: wage rate rose makes labor cost improve, thus enterprise ready to to other elements instead of labor, to makes employed scale by by narrow, this is alternative effect played role; wage rate rose improve has enterprise of marginal cost, makes enterprise faced with improve products of price and narrow production scale of pressure, to makes employed level has reduced, this is scale effect in played role.

2.What are the differences between labour market and other markets? Answer: first, the worker can only be hired or leased, workers do not in themselves be sold and purchased.

Second, ownership of the workers on the labour force has shaken. Third, the price of labor not only how much wages, but also the investment in human capital should be paid workers.

Four, labor conditions under which the employment or renting are not just wages, there are other factors such as length of working hours, working environment is good or bad.

V, labour market activities are not only determined by the workers and employers, but also by the Government, trade unions, employers and the impact of public opinion, and other social forces.

3.Timing wage what are the characteristics?

Answer:Its characteristic is that, in accordance with a certain quality of labor to maintain the duration of payment of wages.

Because of the time was the natural scale of labor, and labor under the premise of quality guaranteed, per hour wage is to be able to more accurately reflect the number of labor provided by the worker. Therefore, timing wage system is user-friendly, the application of the broad range of labor can be used for almost all kinds of payment methods.

4.The flow of what are the rules?

Answer:（1) Flow of labor from agriculture to non-agricultural sectors, and (2) first to the tertiary industry, secondary industry labor labour flows; and (3) manual laborers to mental labour flows; and (4) rural labor to urban labor flows; and (5) in undeveloped areas to developed regions or countries or national labour flows.

5.Under the planned economy system, the implementation of enterprise contracting system has changed the labor needs of business decision makers, this change mainly in what aspects?

Answer: (1) Corporate decision makers consistent with the objective of the enterprise workers, wage restrictions between the profits and weaken;（2) The worker target shift from under the traditional planned

economic system to maximize the pursuit of leisure to maximize money income;

（3) The employees collectively maximize revenue consistent with

maximizing personal income.

6.Brief description of factors influencing the labour force participation rate.

Answer: (1) The educational system and educational supply scale(2) wage policies and wage relation

（3) Wages(4) unearned income

（5) Of household productivity changes(6) the social security system

（7) Macro-economic situation

（8) Other factors, such as social, cultural and social customs, 7. Brief introduction of what are the characteristics of human capital?

Answer: first, human capital is a production capacity of Yu sent upon workers.

Second, the human capital with infinite creativity, can bring persistence of income to their owners, just like any form of matter can have a monetary income as capital, can provide real gains for all its users.

Third, the formation and accumulation of human capital through investment in human

capital, with a cumulative, is a product of the investment.

The four, similar to the investment in human capital and physical capital investment,

investors have to bear the investment risk.

8. .Form of deferred payment is another form of welfare, please briefly describe its advantages.

Answer: (1) deferred payments will enable organizations to gain a stable production and operation of the external conditions.

(2) deferred forms of diversity and flexibility, you can enhance

multiple on the labour market adaptability

(3) enterprises custom extended payment of benefits, enhance staff

cohesion and team spirit

(4) deferred payments can be a number of the tax-free accumulation on

the basis of the insurance fund, such as the enterprise supplementary

old-age insurance, health insurance enterprise custom.

Four.Essay questions

1.Trial exposition of labour supply and demand and its impact on static

equilibrium.

Answer:(1) changes in labour supply. In the case of labor demand curve

does not change, the labour supply curve right shift, the equilibrium

wage rates, equilibrium employment increased; labour supply curve left, the equilibrium wage rate, equilibrium employment; and (2) changes in the demand for labour. In the case of labor supply curve unchanged, labor demand curve right shift, the equilibrium wage rate, equilibrium employment increased; labor demand curve left, the equilibrium wage rates, equilibrium employment; and (3) both labour supply and demand changes, and (4) dimensional competitive equilibrium in the labour market.

2.Introduction of shortening working hours on the socio-economic impact.

P142-145