初中英语阅读理解答题技巧

初中英语阅读理解答题技巧
初中英语阅读理解答题技巧

初中英语阅读理解答题技巧

1. 首段和尾段

一篇文章的主题句、中心思想往往出现在文章的首段或者尾段。

许多文章开门见山地在第一段就提出了要说明的对象或者要论证的观点,而文章的最后一段一般也会对全文的说明和论证进行总结。

策略:

通过一些标志性词汇或者短语,我们可以更快地找到这些总结性句子,如:all in all, in short, to conclude, in consequence, in summary, in a word, as a result, therefore, accordingly, thus 等。

主题句考查了考生是否能够把握文章大意的能力,因此是常考且几乎是必考的一个考点。

2. 长难句

长难句是阅读理解的主要难度所在,其中包含了同位语、插入语、定语、不定式、分词、各种从句等,有的句子甚至长达好几行。这些复杂的句型也往往成为了出题的重点所在。

策略:

加强训练自己对付长难句的能力,平时有意识地去分解这些句子,理解其中的指代关系和句子层次。

3. 列举处

标志性的词汇包括:

First, Second, Third… ; Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly…Finally; First of all, Then, In addition, Further, Furthermore, Besides, Moreover…

策略:

把这些词圈起来,考题中一般会出现四个选项对比,这样非常好在文章中找。

4. 举例处

例子往往与作者的说明与论述有很大的关联,具有重大的意义,因此也成为了考题出处的热点。这种题目在文章中的线索非常明显,一般都带有如下的标志性词汇:

for example, for instance, take … as an example, as, such as, like 等。

策略:

一般文章举例处的前一句或者前几句就是与该例子相关的作者论点,所以在做此类题目的时候就需要追本溯源地往前读,才能保证所选答案的正确率。

5. 因果关系处

表示因果关系的句子是中考英语命题者所青睐的出题来源,因为因果句阐述了两个事件或者事实之间的内在联系,出题者为了考查考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力,经常会把含有因果关系的句子倒过来考,因此选项中因变成了果、果变成了因,考生需要注意辨别实际的因果关系,防止受到迷惑。

表示因果关系的词语有:

because, because of, so, for, since, as, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result; result from, result in, cause, originate from, lead to, attribute to, derive from; base, basis, reason, result, consequence 等。

6. 转折、对比、类比处

文章的转折也是体现作者观点和文章主题的地方,一些明显的转折词包括:but, however, on the contrary, yet, as a matter of fact, in fact, actually 等。

策略:

转折词前后的意思一般来说都是相反的,而作者会偏重其中的某一方。因此,在阅读过程中看到转折词,最好能作上标志以方便做题时候的查找。

特别需要指出的是,只要文章第一段中出现一组对比的概念或事物,这个地方往往会成为考题的命题重点。

7. 特殊词汇处

中考英语阅读试题中经常考查考生对于一些词语和词汇的理解,这些特殊词汇包括了平时不经常使用的生僻词、常见词语平时不经常用到的意思或搭配、以及关系代词等。

策略:

解题关键在于读懂词汇所在文章位置的上下文,从而推断中其意思。

8. 数字和年代

中考阅读中经常出现对于数字和年代等细节的考查,看似容易,但是考生经常由于疏忽大意而失掉这些最容易的分数。

其中要注意以下几点原则:

①如果出现需要进行运算的题目,一般来说文章的原始数据不是正确答案;

②如果答案中的四个数字或者时间都与文章的某一个部分相符合,那么要注意这些数字和时间所对应的不同问题,只选择与题目相关的那个数据;

③要注意年份和世纪之间的差别,比如1999 年就是20 世纪,2009年就是21 世纪,也就是说世纪的数字是年份的前两个数字加1。

9. 专有名词

所谓的专有名词包括人名、地名、机构名称、书籍文章影视作品的名称以及其他专有名词。

在阅读文章的过程中,每遇到专有名词可以用铅笔作上标记,以便如果在题目中出现相应专有名词可以进行快速定位。

10. 最高级词汇

最高级词汇以及其他一些表示唯一性的词汇由于其意义的绝对性,因而不容易产生歧义,所以也经常成为出题对象。

这些词语包括形容词和副词的最高级,以及以下词汇:

only, sole (solely), mere (merely), sheer, simply, entirely, absolutely, just, always, forever, never, none, must, all, any (anyone, anybody, anywhere) 等。

11.引用处

说明文或者议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持、佐证作者的观点。

引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点,也有可能是作者通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。

因此,引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点,有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性,所以也是出题考查的热点地区,通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。

12.段首和段尾

无论是说明文还是议论文,一篇文章往往会分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证,每一个段落一般都是一个部分或者层次。

英美人写文章的逻辑性非常强,文章结构都非常规范,因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心思想句,因此也是出题的重点区域,涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。

下文也将会提到,在进行快速阅读的时候,考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大致能够判断这篇文章的中心思想和主旨。

13.特殊标点符号

有一些特殊的标点符号也经常成为出题的对象,因此考生应该对以下标点符号的用法较为熟悉:冒号、括号、破折号以及引号。

逗号:两个逗号之间的内容、或者一个逗号后面的内容,通常都起到补充说明第一个逗号前面内容的作用。

冒号:冒号后面的内容通常都是用来解释说明前面的内容,例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是对这个概念的具体说明。

括号:括号中间的内容通常用来解释或补充说明括号前面的内容。

破折号:两个破折号之间的内容、或者一个破折号后面的内容,通常表示解释说明或者补充说明。

引号:表示引用他人的观点,一般用来从正面或者反面支持作者的观点。

相关的考题一般都是关于文章细节的问题。需要注意的是考题在考查标点符号用法是往往不会明确说明,需要考生自己去判断并根据具体情况分析标点符号的用法。

应试小技巧

一、进入考场,首先要做的是让自己冷静下来。具体做法是:首先,做一次深呼吸,然后告诫自己:“欲速则不达”,“不要着急,按时交卷就行了”。

二、开考铃声响前有5分钟时间让你浏览试卷。此时不可用笔答题,否则违反考纪。你可以一边深呼吸,一边看试卷,但切记不可看作文题,以免影响答题情绪。

三、开考铃声响后允许答题。答题过程中要注意避免以下几种心态:

1、偏急心态,为了抢时间,没有审清题目条件,慌忙答题,解决方法是心中默念:“匆忙做题,做了也白做”。

2、固执心态,久攻不下的试题,又不愿意放弃,徒然浪费时间,解决方法是心中默念:“我攻不下,别人也攻不下,暂时先搁着,做了其它题目后或许会有灵感”。

四、时间安排策略

分配时间要服从于考试成功的目的,基本原则就是保证在能够得分的地方不丢分,不容易得分的地方争取尽可能多得分。在具体操作上,要求考生做到“量菜吃饭”,按“分数时间比”实用原则,分值大的题目多花些时间,分值小的题目少花一些时间;一看就会做的题目先花时间,需要考虑一下才能解答的题目放在第二梯队完成;难度最大的或从来没有见到过的题目,放在最后攻关。

答题卷注意点

1、答题结构和关键词

除了要点之外,改卷老师在改卷时还看答题的基本结构是否正确,句子表达是否准确。如果结构清晰、句子准确、表达流畅,一般都能得到比较高的分数。另外,不论答多答少,首先要把答案的关键部分、关键词写出来,第二步才考虑句子的质量。

2、排版整齐有时候比一手好字更加分

如果字不好看,也尽量对齐,不要画墨点。某阅卷老师表示:字可以写的丑,但排版一定要好。条理清晰的答卷更得阅卷老师青睐。

3、文科尽量写满,理科尽量详细

文科是抓对的,写得越满抓的越可能多,分得的越多;理科是抓错的,写得越详细越知道错在哪,分扣得越细。文科主观题最基本就是抓关键词,写得越多,就越有可能被抓出关键词,越有可能靠近得分点。

理科的话,过程都写在草稿纸上容易造成遗漏,省略步骤是理科大忌,能写尽量写,否则中间可能只是一点微小的错误,但是没有过程,不知道哪里出错则整个大得分点全部没有。

初中英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析

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初中英语阅读理解及答案-简单的教学教材

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阅读理解1 Babies love chocolate and sometimes they also eat the paper around it. My cat enjoys a meal of good, thick paper, old letters, for example. She does not like newspapers very much Of course, the best paper comes from wood. Wood comes from trees, and trees are plants. Vegetables and fruit are plants, too, and we eat a lot of them. So can we also eat wood and paper? Scientists say, "All food comes in some way from plants." Well, is that true? Animals eat grass and grow fat. Then we eat their meat. Little fish eat little sea-plants, then bigger fish swim along and eat the ……Chickens eat bits of grass and give us…… Think for a minute. What food does not come from plants in some way? Scientists can do wonderful things with plants. They can make food just like meat and cheese. And they can make it without the help of animals. It is very good food, too. Now they have begun to say, "We make our paper from wood. We can also make food from wood. The next thing is not very difficult." What is the next thing? Perhaps it is—food from paper. Scientists say, "We can turn paper into food. It will be good, cheap food, too, cheaper than meat or fish or eggs." So please keep your old books and letters. (Don't feed [喂] your cat.) One day, they will be on your plate, if what scientists say may come true. 1. The writer asks us to keep our old books and letters because _____. A. they are useful for reading B. They may be used to feed cats C. We can make food from them soon D. we can read them at breakfast 2. From the passage (段落), we can infer(推断) that _____ do not come from plants in some way. A. few kinds of food B. meat and fish C. cheese and chicken D. wood and paper 阅读理解2 Mr. Lee was in bed and was trying to go to sleep when he heard the bell ring. He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o'clock. "Who can it be at this time of night?" He thought. He decided to go and find out. So he got of bed, put on his dressing gown (浴袍) and went to the door. When he opened the door, there was nobody there. "That is very strange." Then he went back to his bedroom, took off his dressing gown, got back into bed ,turned off the light and tried to go to sleep. A few minutes later he heard the bell again. Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. He closed the door and tried not to feel angry. Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. He picked it up. There were some words on it : "It is now after midnight(午夜), so it is April Fool's Day (禺人节) . April fool to you!" "Oh , it was the English boy next door!" Mr. Lee exclaimed (惊叫) and almost smiled. He went back to bed and feel asleep at once. The bell did not ring again. 1. When did Mr. Lee go to bed? He went to bed _______. A. before twelve o'clock B. after twelve o'clock C. when the bell rang D. when he saw the boy 2. Why did he rush to the door when he heard the bell ring the second time? A. He wanted to open the door for the visitor B. He wanted to find out who the visitor was. C. He was afraid of the ring D. He was waiting for someone. 3. From this passage, we learn that we can _______ on April Fool's Day. A. say "Hello" to each other B. dance and sing at night C. play jokes on each other D. send pressents to children 4. What did Mr. Lee think about the English boy? He thought he _________. A. was a good boy B. was friendly with him C. shouldn't ring the bell at midnight D. did a dangerous thing just now 阅读理解3 In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited . About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way . Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除

初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧[1]

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阅读理解日常生活类点解析(Word版附答案)经典 一、英语阅读理解日常生活类(含答案详细解析) 1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的几个选项中,选出最佳选项。 What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful(压力大的). "For people who are worried about math, posture (姿势)makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的)posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight. Slumping over is a defensive(戒备的) posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said. Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit(受益)from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported. Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better. (1)What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams? A. Sitting up straight. B. Hanging your head. C. Lying on your back. D. Raising one hand. (2)What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test? A. To do sit-ups. B. To count numbers. C. To think carefully. D. To sit in different postures. (3)How many students in the test benefited from the better posture? A. All the 125 students. B. Less than half of them. C. 56 percent of them. D. None of the students. (4)The fourth paragraph is written to explain . A. why slumping over makes exams harder to do B. why slumping over is bad for one's health C. why some people slump over during exams D. why people are nervous during math exams (5)Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Slump over to Take Exams B. Sit up to Do Math C. Better Posture for Nervous Students D. Good Advice for Better Exams 【答案】(1)A (2)D (3)C

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