Be动词的用法归纳
be是一个多功能动词，在初级英语里可见四种用法：
功能一，系动词Be
be为连系动词，中心词义是"是"，句型为"主+系+表"结构。be的形式常用am, is, are(现在式);was, were(过去式);will/can/may/must be(助动词/情态动词+原形);have/has/had been(助动词+过去分词)等。如：To help animals is helping people.(一般现在时)
The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般过去时)
It will be sunny tomorrow.(一般将来时)
She has been ill for over a week.(现在完成时)
功能二，助动词Be
助动词be，无词义，辅助主要动词一起在句中作谓语动词。用法如下：
1. be+doing：构成进行时态，有现在和过去两种进行时态。
如：
The girls is reading and copying the new words now.
Young Tom was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.
2. be+done：构成被动语态(主语是动作的承受者，done必须是及物动词)。
如：
Tea is grown in my hometown.(一般现在时的被动语态)
This building was built three years ago.(一般过去时的被动语态)
Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied already.(现在完成时的被动语态)
英语动词用法总结(完整)
英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _____ the discovery of a vaccine (疫苗)of the disease. A．stood for B．called for C．paid for D．contributed to 【答案】D 【解析】 短语辨析。A.代表 B. 呼吁 C. 为……付出代价 D.导致。句意：医生开玩笑的说，他自己被病毒的感染导致发现了这种病毒的疫苗。故选D。 2．100．----I have been watching “I am a singer” and Gloria Tang (邓紫棋) is my favorite star. ----- Me, too. Her new album is said to be ______ next month. By then, we , fans, will buy some. A．relieved B．delivered C．produced D．released 【答案】D 【解析】D考查动词。句意：--我一直在看“我是一个歌手”而且邓紫棋是我最喜欢的明星。--我也是。她的新专辑将于下月发行。到那时，我们的粉丝们会买一些。A减轻，解除；B 递送；C产生，制造；D发行，发布。故选D。 3．Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A．sponsor B．launch C．organize D．plan 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词辨析。难度中等。 【解题思路】该句意为：两位律师捐赠了5，0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动…… A项意为“赞助”，符合句意；B项意为“发射，开办”，C项意为“组织”，D项意为“计划”，都与句意不同。故A项正确。 4．It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ______________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language. A．run into B．bursts out C．yells out D．falls into 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入，碰撞；B. bursts out 爆发；C. yells out 大声说出来；D. falls into落入，分成。句意：当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时，你是非常尴尬的。故选B。 考点：考查动词短语的词义辨析
(完整)初中英语be动词用法
be动词用法 be动词的一般现在时有三种形式，即：am,is,are。 1.如果主语是第一人称I（我）时，be动词用am。 如：I am a student.我是一名学生。 I am还可缩写成I'm。如：I'm David.我是大卫。 2.如果主语是you（你，你们）,they（他们，它们，她们）或名词复数（两个以上的人或物）时，be动词必须用are。如：Are you twelve?你是十二岁吗？ Tom and Lily are good friends.汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。 They are at school. 他们在学校。 These are books. 这些是书。 We are students . 我们是学生。 are与主语还可缩写。 如：We are=We're，They are=They're,You are=You 're。而are与not可缩写成aren't。 如：They aren't students.他们不是学生。 但是am与not不能缩写。 3.如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或单数第三人称代词（he,she,it）时，be动词用is. 如:My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。 He is a student.他是一名学生。 She is my friend.她是我的朋友。
It is a dog. 它是一只狗。 This is a bike .这是一辆自行车。 That is a cup . 那是一个杯子。 is也可与主语缩写, 如:He is=He's,My mother is=My mother's等。但是This is不可缩写。而is与not可缩写成isn't。 如:This isn't a book.这不是一本书。 [解题过程] 根据以上叙述我们可以把动词的用法以口诀的形式表述出来： 我（I）是am, 你（you）是are, 剩下is留给她（she）,他（he）,它（it）, 两个以上都用are。 be动词用法歌 be动词真伟大，生出is, am, are。 我用am，你用are，is连接他，她，它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 1 用动词be （am，are，is）填空
初中英语动词知识点：Be动词定义及用法
初中英语动词知识点：Be动词定义及用法 1. Be动词有三个，am，is还有are。 我用am，你用are，s跟着他她它，复数全部都用are。 如果遇到过去时，was来把am，is替，were来把换掉动词are 2. do和be动词的用法区别。 Be 动词就是（am，are，is）句子中如果没有实意动词（例如：write，buy）之类的动词，就直接在主语后面加Be 动词。而如果是句子中有实意动词，那么如果你要改为一般疑问句，就要借助DO（do也称为助动词），例如：I study. 改为一般疑问句：Do you study ? 顺口溜：be氏三朵花，am，is还有are， 我（I）恋am，你（you）恋are， is跟了他（he）她（she）它（it）， 单娶is，复娶are。 详细讲解： 英语的be 动词是个用法比较复杂的动词。复杂的原因有两点： 1、除了原形的be 之外，对于不同人称代词以及单数名词和复数名词，be 会有各种变化形式和缩写形式。概括一下有七种形式：be，am，is，are，was，were，been，being。
它们与人称代词和名词单、复数的搭配关系是： 现在时I am，you are，he/she/it/ is，we/you/they are；名词单数、不可数名词用is，复数用are。 缩略式I'm，you're，he's，we're，you're，they're 否定缩略式I'm not，isn't，aren't 过去时I was，you were，he/she/it/ was，we/you/they were；名词单数、不可数名词用was，复数用were。 否定缩略式wasn't，weren't 过去分词been 现在分词being 2、在句子中，be有两种主要作用：一是作为系动词（The Linking Verb），本身可以作用谓语动词；二是做为助动词（The Auxiliary Verb），与谓语动词一起构成各种时态和被动语态等。 下面做个简要的讲解。 一、be 动词做系动词 1、系动词+表语”的结构 当be 动词做系动词使用时，主要构成“系动词+表语”的结构，在句子中做谓语。表语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。例如： The man is a science teacher. Mary's new dresses are colourful.
初中英语动词ing-用法小结
初中英语动词ing用法小结 [导读]动词finish,mind,enjoy,practise,keep等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。 在英语教学中，我发现考 动词-ing形式的题目很多。根据多年教学经验，现在把初中阶 段-i n g 的情况总：一、一些动词后要接动名词作宾语 1.Everyoneenjoys____(watch)TVintheevening. 2.Pleasefinish____(draw)thepictureafterschool. 3.Thestudentspractise____(read)Englisheverymorning. 【解析】动词finish,mind,enjoy,practise,keep,miss,hate,consider,continue, Imagine,suggest,advise等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。答案是：watching；drawing；reading. 二、一些介词后面要加动名词作宾语 1.Heisgoodat____(write). 2.Wearelookingforwardto____(see)you. 3.Theyareinterestedin____(listen)tomusic. 4.Youcandrinkalotofwaterwithout____(get)fat. 【解析】介词后跟动词，要用动名词形式作其宾语。如下列结构中的介词：thanksfor doingsth,thinkaboutdoing,begoodatdoingsth,dowellindoingsth,succeedin doing,How/Whataboutdoingsth?,insteadofdoingsth,keepsbfromdoingsth,stopsb fromdoingsth,lookforwardtodoingsth,beusedto（习惯于 ）doingsth,devotetodoing sth,payattentiontodoing,preferdoingtodoing,makeacontribution(贡献 )todoingsth 答案是：writing;seeing;listening;getting. 三、一些固定结构要加动词的ing形式 1.Hespendshalfanhour____(do)hishomeworkeveryday. 2.Theyarebusy____(prepare)forthecomingtest. 3.Wehaveagreattime____(talk)toeachtimeatlunchtime. 【解析】在一些固定结构中要求使用动词-ing形式。 如：havesomeproblems(difficulty,trouble)doingsth,spend?doingsth,bebusy doing,havefundoingsth,haveagreattimedoingsth,,preventsbfromdoingsth,feel likedoing,giveupdoing,findsbdoing,can’thelpdoing,putoffdoing,keepondoing,be
(完整版)小学be动词专项讲解及练习
be动词 一．Be 动词的用法： 1.Be动词包括：am ,is , are. Be动词的含义为“是”或“在”。 2.Be动词的使用口诀： Be动词真伟大，生出am is are,我用am,你用are，is连接他，她，它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 4.肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. Her eyes are(not) small. 5.一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. 快乐练兵场 1.What ____ your name? My name _____ Tom. 2.What ____ his name? His name ＿＿Kevin. 3.What ____ your mom’s name? Her name ____ Lula. 4.This _____ Jim, my teacher. That____my sister. 5.How _____ you? I ____ fine. 6.How _____ he? He ____ OK. 7.How _____ Nancy? She ____ fine, too. 8.Where ____ you from? I ____ from Beijing. 9.Where ____ he from? He ____ from Canada. 10.Where ____ they from? They ____ from England. 11.Where ____ your mom from? She ____ from Shanghai 12.Where ____ his teacher from? He ____ from Japan. 13.Where ____ Lucy and Lily from? They ____ from Cuba. 14.How old ____ you? I ____ twelve years old. 15.How old ____ he? He ____ eleven years old. 16.How old ____ she? She ____ thirteen years old. 17.How old ____ they? They ____ fourteen years old. 18.How old ____ Kate and Tom? They ____ fifteen years old. 19.What class ____ you in? I ____ in Class Three, Grade Seven. 20.What class ____ LiMing in? He _____ in Class Four, Grade Eight. 21.What grade ____ Sally in? She _____ in Grade Nine. 22.Who ____ that ? That ____ Nancy. 23.What ____ this in English? It _____ an apple. 24.What ____ that in English? It _____ a map. 25._____ this a ruler? Yes, it _____. / No, it isn’t. 26._____ that an orange? No, it isn’t. It _____ a toy. 27._____ they teachers? Yes, they ______. 28 There ________ an orange and two apples on the table.
初中英语动词ing-用法小结复习课程
[导读] 动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。 在英语教学中，我发现考动词-ing 形式的题目很多。根据多年教学经验，现在把初中阶段容易考-ing的情况总结如下： 一、一些动词后要接动名词作宾语 1. Everyone enjoys____(watch) TV in the evening. 2. Please finish____(draw)the picture after school. 3. The students practise____(read) English every morning. 【解析】动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep, miss, hate, consider, continue , Imagine, suggest, advise等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。答案是：watching；drawing；reading. 二、一些介词后面要加动名词作宾语 1. He is good at ____(write). 2. We are looking forward to____(see)you. 3. They are interested in____(listen)to music. 4. You can drink a lot of water without____(get) fat. 【解析】介词后跟动词，要用动名词形式作其宾语。如下列结构中的介词：thanks for doing sth, think about doing, be good at doing sth, do well in doing sth, succeed in doing , How/What about doing sth?, instead of doing sth, keep sb from doing sth, stop sb from doing sth, look forward to doing sth, be used to（习惯于）doing sth, devote to doing sth, pay attention to doing, prefer doing to doing, make a contribution (贡献)to doing sth 答案是：writing; seeing; listening;getting. 三、一些固定结构要加动词的ing形式 1. He spends half an hour____(do)his homework every day. 2. They are busy____(prepare)for the coming test. 3. We have a great time____(talk)to each time at lunchtime. 【解析】在一些固定结构中要求使用动词-ing形式。
【英语】英语动词用法总结(完整)
【英语】英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly___my friend. A．turn out B．bring out C．call out D．pick out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：电影院里太黑了，我几乎不能认出我的朋友。pick out 意为“认出，选出”。根据所提供的情景“It was so dark in the cinema”可判断出由于电影院里很黑，很难认出朋友。turn out意为“发生，结果是”；bring out意为“使显示,出版,生产,说出”；call out意为“出动,唤起,大声叫唤”。故选D。 2．Jess was sad and her friend helped her ___ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died. A．break through B．break down C．get through D．get rid of 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查词组：A. break through突破，B. break down崩溃，垮掉，抛锚，C. get through 接通，度过，完成，D. get rid of克服，句意：在丈夫Bill去世后，Jess很难过，她的朋友帮助她度过前几个难过的星期。选C。 考点：考查词组 3．Your own personal behavior as a teacher, outside school hours, _______ on the school itself. A．resembles B．reminds C．reflects D．remains 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名教师，你在课外的个人行为会给学校带来不良影响。 A. resembles 相似 B. reminds提醒 C. reflects反应 D. remains保持。reflect on导致，招致，根据句意可知，选C。 4．He had been struggling for many years and finally ________ his fantasies. A．lived up B．lived on C．lived through D．lived out 【答案】D 【解析】
小学英语-be动词的用法全面总结
小学英语讲义be动词的用法及简写 简缩形式的变法 一。在肯定句中一般把首字母换成' I am=I'm he is=he's they are=they're she is=she's we are=we're it is=it's Let us= Let's That is=that's what is= what's who is=who's where is=where's 注：Ｉwould =I'd(would里只留一个ｄ) I will=I'll(will中留两个ll) 月份都是保留前三个字母当然第一个字母要大写 This is 注：没有缩写 二否定句的简写， not中的o换成'就好了否定句一般加not,只要把 't = is not isn aren't = are not t = can not can'
be动词的用法：二， are。（不是我不是你不是复数）你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用我用am, 动词提前到句首然后后面加？变成一般疑问句把benot 三把肯定句变成否 定句直接在be动词后加相应练习 are 填空is用、am 、 Yeah, she______ a student. 1、 I ______ Jenny. He______ Peter. 、2 How old ______you? I'm ten.、 3 _______ this a cat? 4、 You _____ my friend. 、5 What _____ this ? It's a cat. 6、6 / 1 课堂小测试 am,is,are填空。一、用1.I ________ Kitty. She _______ a student. friends. 2.Jane and Tom _________my My sisters _______tall. 3._______ there a table in the room? 4.There _____ some glasses on it. 5.There ________many monkeys in the zoo. 二、写出下列完全形式的简缩形式。 I am=_____ he is= _____ they are=_____ she is=_____ we are=_____ What is =_____ let us=_____ is not=_____ are not=_____ It is=_____ 课后练习 一、写出下列完全形式的简缩形式。 we are=_____ what is=_____ they are=_____ he is=_____ let us=_____ are not=_____ 1、my father_____ a doctor.我父亲不是一名医生。 2、_____ your name？你叫什么名字？ 3、_____ a girl.我是一名女孩。 4、they_____brother.他们不是兄弟。 二、用am,is,are填空。 I ___ She ___ They ___ We ___He You ___Here ___ these That Those 1.There_________ a beautiful rainbow in the sky.
动词-ing形式小结
动词-ing形式小结 动词-ing形式概述 v.-ing 形式包括传统语法的现在分词和动名词两部分，像动词不定式一样，它既具有动词时态和语态的特征，又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。 动词-ing形式的时态、语态 主动语态被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 否定式 not writing v.-ing形式的一般式 V.-ing形式的一般式的构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词动作的同时、之前或之后。 用来泛指动作，没有时间的区分。 Seeking after knowledge is human nature． 求知是人的本性。 Travelling abroad can widen one’s outlook． 出国旅游会扩大人们的视野。 Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth． 吃太多的巧克力对你的牙齿有害。 My favourite sport is playing table tennis． 我最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。 行为与主要动作同时发生，表示伴随。 The students came into the classroom laughing and talking． 学生们又说又笑地走进了教室。 As she saw me，she came over smiling． 她看到我时，笑容可掬地走过来。 Doing the washing up，Connie was planning her holiday． 康妮在洗碗的时刻盘算着怎样度假。 行为在主要动作之前或之后。 Antonio remembered sending his mother an email three times last month． 安东尼记得上个月给他母亲发了三次电子邮件．(在前) Mr. Lee went out shutting the door behind him． 李先生出去后将门随手关上。(在后) v.-ing形式的完成式 v.-ing形式的完成式由“having + v.-ed 形式”构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having finished his homework，he went to bed． 做完了作业，他去睡觉了。(先“做作业”，后“去睡觉”) He doesn’t remember having promised me that． 他忘记了曾经答应过我那件事。 She regretted having missed the film． 她很后悔没看这部电影。 I remember having heard you speak on that subject． 我记得曾经听见你谈过这个问题。 I could not recall having heard anyone say that before。 我不记得以前听过谁说这样的话。
be动词用法讲解及练习
be动词的用法be动词用法歌： 我用am,你用are，is连接他，她，它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 一．用am, is, are 填空 1. I _____ a student. 2. You ____ a doctor. 3. It_____ a car. 4. They ____ cars. 5. I ________from Australia. 6. She _______ a student. 7. That ______ my red skirt. 8.The jeans ______ on the desk. 9.Here ______ a scarf for you. 10. Ten and two ________ twelve. 11. I _______ at school. 12.He ________ at school. 13. We ________ students. 14. They ________ from China. 15. These _____ buses. 16. Those _____oranges. 17. The girl______ Jack’s sister. 18. The dog _______ tall and fat. 19. ____she from Jinan? 20. _____you American? 21. ____ your mother in China? 22. _____your friends in New York? 23. ______ your brother in the cla ssroom? 24. Who ______ I?
高考英语动词用法总结(完整)
高考英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．The shopkeeper wanted to sell me the dress for 30 dollars, and I wanted to pay 20 dollars for it, so we ________ on 25 dollars. A．communicated B．compromised C．bargained D．concentrated 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：店主想以30美元的价格把那件衣服卖给我，而我想付20美元，所以我们折中了25美元。A. communicated交流；B. compromised妥协，折中；C. bargained讨价还价；D. concentrated集中。结合句意故选B。 2．If the service is awful, a customer has the right to to the manager. A．react B．apply C．complain D．suggest 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果服务很糟糕，顾客有权向经理申诉。React反应 apply应用 complain 申诉suggest建议，选C。 考点：考查词义辨析 3．You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, _______ the situation they are in. A．bringing about B．depending on C．getting into D．leading to 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词短语。句意：你可能会发现人们会用不同的方式表达相同的观点，这主要取决于他们所处的情景。A. bringing about带来；B. depending on取决；C. getting into 进入；D. leading to导致；根据情景和词义，故选B项。 考点：考查动词短语 4．To get promoted, I must _____ my colleagues, who are committed to their jobs. A．take after B．take to C．take in D．take on 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语take after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；take to喜欢上，沉溺于；take in吸收，理解，欺骗，收养；take on雇佣，呈现；句意：为了被提拔，我要消防我的同事们，他们工作非常努力。根据句意可知take after意为“效仿”，符合上下
be动词用法讲解及练习
be动词的用法 be动词用法歌： 我用am/你用are, is连接他，她，它。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 一.用 1.1 am, is, are 填空 a student. 10. Ten and two twelve ? 2. You a doctor. 11.1 at school. 3. It a car. at school. 4. They cars ?13. We stude nts. 5. 1 from Australia?14. They from China? 6. She a student?15.These buses? 7. That my red skirt?16. Those oranges. jeans on the desk?17. The girl Jack's sister. a scarf for you?The dog tall and fat. 19. she from Jinan 2& What class you in 20. you American 29. How your father 21. your mother in China? 30. Whose dress this 22. your friends in New York 31. Whose socks they 23. your brother in the classroo 32. Where your friends m 33. Which dog yours 24. Who 1 34. How old you last year 25. What her name 35. Where your mother She 26.Where _______ her mother __ at home. 27.How old ______ your teacher? 二.用适当形式填空。 1.The man with big eyes _____________ (be not) a teacher. 2.The black gloves ___ ____ __ (be not) for Su Yang? 3.This pair of gloves ___________ (be not) for Yang Ling. 4.Jane and Tom _______ _ (be not) my friends? 5.My parents ______________ __ (be not) very busy every day. 6.Mike and Liu Tao ______________ (be not) at school. 7.Here _____ _ (be not) some sweaters for you? 8.Yang Ling _______________ (be not) eleven years old. 三?句型转换。 Eg. That is a book. 否定句：That is not a book. 疑问句:Is that a book 回答: Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
初中英语动词ing用法小结
［导读］动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep 等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。 在英语教学中，我发现考动词-ing形式的题目很多。根据多年教学经验，现在把初中 阶段容易考-ing的情况总结如下： 一、一些动词后要接动名词作宾语 1. Everyone enjoys __ (watch) TV in the evening. 2. Please finish ___ (draw)the picture after school. 3. The stude nts practise __ (read) En glish every morning. 【解析】动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep, miss, hate, consider, continue , Imagine, suggest, advise 等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。答案是：watching ；drawing ；reading. 二、一些介词后面要加动名词作宾语 1. He is good at ___ (write). 2. We are look ing forward to _ (see)you. 3. They are in terested in _ (liste n)to music. 4. You can drink a lot of water without __ (get) fat. 【解析】介词后跟动词，要用动名词形式作其宾语。如下列结构中的介词：tha nks for doing sth, think about doing, be good at doing sth, do well in doing sth, succeed in doing , How/What about doing sth?, in stead of doing sth, keep sb from doing sth, stop sb from doing sth, look forward to doing sth, be used to (习惯于)doing sth, devote to doing sth, pay attention to doing, prefer doing to doing, make a contribution (贡献)to doing sth 答案是：writing; seeing; listening;getting. 三、一些固定结构要加动词的ing形式 1. He spe nds half an hour __ (do)his homework every day. 2. They are busy (prepare)for the coming test.
初中英语动词的用法总结
动词用法总结 方山三中郭秀林 1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2) 根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词 ( Notional Verb) 、系动词( Link Verb) 、助动词 ( Auxiliary Verb ) 、情态动词( Modal Verb ) 。说明：有 些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：We are having a meeting. He has gone to New York. (has 是助动词。 ) 3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb), 缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi. 。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动 词。例如：She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。 (sing 在此用作不及物动词。 ) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。 ( sing 用作及物动词。 ) 4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词( Finite Verb ) 、非限定动词( Non-finite Verb ) 例如：She sings very well. 她唱得很好。 ( sing 受主语she 的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings 。 ) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。 ( to learn 不受主语she 的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。
说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式(Infinitive ) 、动名词 (Gerund) 、分词( Participle ) 。 5) 动词有五种形态，分别是：原形(Orig in al Form )、 第三人称单数形式我们正在开会。 ( having 是实义动词。 ) 他已去纽约。 (Singular From in Third Personal ) 过去式、 ( Past Form) 过去分词、( Past Participle ) 、现在分词 ( Present Participle ) 。 5.1 系动词? 系动词亦称联系动词( Link Verb) ，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语 (亦称补 语) ，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天 病了。 ( fell 是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。 ) He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell 是实义动词， 单独作谓语。 1) 状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be 一词，例如：He is a teacher. 2) 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度， 主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. This matter rests a mystery.
动词ing的用法
1、-ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）： 一般式完成式 主动形式 doing 主动形式 having done 被动形式 being done 被动形式 having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式： -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式： -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如： The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。 注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如： Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。