名师破解英语四级汉译英部分真题详解下
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4.Some psychologists claim that people (出门在外时).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由Some psychologists claim that people .可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句时态用一般现在时。
第二步：划分成分“出门在外时”
核心谓语动词是“可能会感到”，“孤独”作宾语，“出门在外时”作状语。
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“可能会感到”= may feel，“孤独”=lonely，“出门在外时”be away from home.
(2).重新组合：may feel lonely when they are away from home.
[正确答案]：may feel lonely when they are away from home.
[翻译]：一些心理学家认为人们出门在外时。
[考察知识点]：[词性辨析] lonely. adj.孤独的、寂寞的；alone. adj.独自的
[难点]：“出门在外”的翻译。When they are not in their hometown
5.The nation’s population continues to rise (以每年1200万人的速度).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The nation’s population continues to rise .可以推出，划线处应该填写状语或补语。
第二步：划分成分“以每年1200万人的速度”
词组固定搭配“以------的速度”，“每年”作状语，“1200万人”作定语。
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“以------的速度”= at a speed of---，“每年”=per year，“1200万人”12 million.
(2).重新组合：at a speed of 12 million per year.
[正确答案]：at a speed of 12 million per year
[翻译]：这个国家的人口继续以每年1200万人的速度增长
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] at a speed of-- “以------的速度”；注意：million 不加s
2006.6
1.Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找到去历史博物馆的路). [解题步骤]:
第一步：由he had no trouble .可以推出，划线处应该填写in doing sth
第二步：划分成分“找到去历史博物馆的路”
核心谓语动词：“找到”；“路”作宾语，“去历史博古馆”作定语。
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“找到”= find，“路”=road/way，“去历史博古馆”the History Museum
(2).重新组合：in finding the road/way to the History Museum.
[正确答案]：finding the/his way to the History Museum
[翻译]：他在这个城市已经呆了一段时间，因此毫不费力就找到了去历史博物馆的路。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] have (no) trouble (in) doing sth“做某事有(无)困难”[注意]：专有名词首字母大写, ie, the History Museum
2. (为了挣钱供我上学), mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由, mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
可以推出，划线处应该填写状语成分，整个句子时态是一般现在时态。
第二步：划分成分“为了挣钱供我上学”
核心谓语动词：“为了赚钱”；“供我上学”作补语。
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“为了赚钱”= in order to earn/make money，“供我上学”=for my education/tuition，
(2).重新组合：In order to earn/make money for my education/tuition.
[正确答案]：In order to make/earn money for my tuition
[翻译]：为了挣钱供我上学，母亲经常超负荷工作。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] in order to do sth“为了------”
[难点]：“供我上学”
学生考试过程中遇到不会翻译的句子是在所难免的事情，因此需要换个说法，或是利用英语来解释英语，最终目的是为了把句子填写完整。比如“供我上学”很多同学一旦出现不会翻译的情况，这时候需要冷静。想一下这句话还可以怎么说？我们可以说“让我完成学业；帮助我完成受教育”，那么我们可以这样来表达：in order to support my education; in order to help me complete my education 等等都可以。所以考生在考试过程中，一旦遇到以上类似问题，先不要慌，可以先放过去，最后利用剩余时间根据上述方法再去解决。
3.The professor required that (我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The professor required that ,可以推出，划线处应该填写句子，并且是虚拟语气。
第二步：划分成分“我们交研究报告”
核心谓语动词：“交”；“研究报告”作宾语；“我们”作主语。
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“交”= hand in；“研究报告”=research reports(名词注意单复数)；“我们”we
(2).重新组合：we should hand in our research reports.
[正确答案]：we (should) hand in our research reports
[翻译]：教授要求我们在周三之前叫研究报告
[考察知识点]：[虚拟语气] require等词+(should)do sth
4.The more you explain, (我愈糊涂).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The more you explain, .可以推出，划线处应该填写固定搭配，构成the more---, the more的结构形式。
第二步：划分成分“我愈糊涂”
核心谓语动词：“糊涂”；“我”作主语。
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“糊涂”= be confused(注意比较级)；“我”=I
(2).重新组合：the more confused I am.
[正确答案]：the more confused I am
[翻译]：你愈解释，我愈糊涂。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] the +比较级---, the +比较级---
5.Though a skilled worker, (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由Though a skilled worker, last week because of the economic crisis.
可以推出，划线处应该补全完整主句，时态由last week确定为一般过去时态。第二步：划分成分“他被公司解雇了”
核心谓语动词：“解雇”(动词注意被动)；“他”作主语；“公司”作施动对象
第三步：
(1).切块对应翻译：“解雇”= be fired(注意被动)；“他”=he；“公司”=company
(2).重新组合：he was fired by his company
[正确答案]：he was fired by his company
[翻译]：尽管他是个熟练的工人，但是上周因为经济危机问题他被公司解雇了。[考察知识点]：[被动] be+done
[注意]：指代词明确问题。英语中为了表示指待具体、明确，通常需要采用指示代词进行修饰、说明。例如：his, ours, my等。
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