2020高考英语 第三部分 写作层级训练 第一步提升写作技能 第二讲 魅力无穷的特殊句式(讲解)
第二讲魅力无穷的特殊句式
李仕才
在写作中，特殊句式的运用，能体现文章的节奏感与表达效果。
1.it代替动词不定式、动名词、从句等，作形式主语或形式宾语。
我认为保护和美化我们的环境是我们的职责。
In my opinion，it is our duty to protect and beautify our environment.(it作形式主语)
I think it our duty to protect and beautify our environment.(it作形式宾语)
2.倒装语序，可增强说服力。
直到那时我才意识到语言在积极和消极方面都有很强的力量。
I didn’t realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then.
→Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.(否定意义的词位于句首)
3.强调结构，用It is...that...句型或用助动词进行强调，突出语意。
因为这些原因，我最终做出了这个选择。
I finally made this choice for these reasons.
→It was for these reasons that I finally made this choice.(It is...that...句型) 4.省略结构，达到言简意赅的效果。
(1)希望你能找到一份好工作。
I hope that you will find a good job.
→Hope you will find a good job.(省略主语I，改为祈使句)
(2)今天早上，在路上散步的时候，我看到两个旅行者正在看地图，看起来很迷惑。(北京卷) This morning，when I was walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking puzzled.
→This morning，when walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading
a map，looking puzzled.(省略I was)
5.with复合结构、独立主格结构，体现深厚的语法功底。
春天来临，人们将开展各种各样的活动。
When spring is drawing near，people will hold varieties of activities.
→With spring drawing near，people will hold varieties of activities.(with复合结构)
6.祈使句，引起读者注意。
如果你认为你不能和父母谈谈，你可以给他们写一封信。
If you don’t think you can talk to your parents，you can write them a letter. →If you don’t think you can talk to your parents，write them a letter.(省略主语you，改为祈使句)
7.感叹句，表示强调。
现在我很高兴。
I am very delighted now.
→How delighted I am now!
8.“There be...”句型，意思是“有”。
“There be...”句型其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，there仅为引导词，并非实际主语。真正的主语位于谓语动词be之后。be与跟在后面的主语保持人称和数量的一致，有时态和情态变化。此句型有时不用be动词，而用live，stand，come，go，lie，remain，exist，arrive等。
There was only a well in the village.
这个村子过去只有一口井。
There remains a question still to be answered.
还有一个问题要回答。
In front of the cave，there stands a tall pine tree.
在这个山洞前长着一棵高大的松树。
There may be a bird on the branch.
树枝上也许有一只鸟。
[跟踪训练]
Ⅰ.改写句子
1.I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high school.(强调时间状语)
It__was__when__I__entered__senior__high__school__that__I__realized__the__import ance__of__English.
2.We had a very good time with the peasants that day.(用what感叹句)
What__a__good__time__we__had__with__the__peasants__that__day!
3.Because there was too much noise，I couldn’t go on stu dying.(用with复合结构作状语)
With__too__much__noise__going__on，I__couldn’t__go__on__studying.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.我认为，仅仅送给父母贵重的礼物是不对的。
①I__don’t__think__it__right__to__give__parents__only__valuable__gifts.(it作形式宾语)
②In__my__opinion，it__isn’t__right__to__give__parents__only__valuable__gifts.(it作形式主语)
2.他们所做的事给别人带来了快乐，也丰富了他们自己的生活。
Not__only__does__what__they__do__bring__others__joy__but__also__enriches__their __own__lives.(倒装句)
3.虽然来晚了，但是他并没有挨批评。
①Late__though/as__he__was，he__wasn’t__criticized.(倒装句)
②Though__late，he__wasn’t__criticized.(省略句)
4.客人当中有两名美国人和一名法国人。
Among__the__guests__there__are__two__Americans__and__a__Frenchman.(there be结构)
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