高考非谓语动词易错易混点

高考非谓语动词易错易混点

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.114.––My car is making a really strange noise.

––You’d better get it ______ before you drive to Denver.

A.looking at B.looked at

C.to look at D.being looked at

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——我的汽车发出奇怪的噪音。——你最好在开车去丹佛之前让人检查一下。get+宾语+宾补。汽车和检查是被动关系,用过去分词作宾补,故选B。

2.Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A.make B.turn

C.get D.grow

【答案】A

【解析】

考查动词辨析。make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”,是及物动词;turn表示“变成,成为”是不及物动词;get“变成,做成”是不及物动词;grow表示“生长,成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知,此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意,make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。

3.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look.

A.reducing B.reduced C.being reduced D.having reduced 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词的被动语态。句意:就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久,这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词,后面需要动名词,而且城市是被夷为平地,所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。

4.They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try? A.leave B.left C.leaving D.to leave

【答案】B

【解析】

此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place,被留下的留给写作课程的地方(机会)。句意:他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会,你为什么不试一试呢?

【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。

5.You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm.

A.walked B.walk

C.to walk D.walking

【答案】D

【解析】

考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词,其后为定语从句。

答案:D

6.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.

A.to be heard B.to have heard

C.hearing D.being heard

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定式的被动语态形式。句意:孩子们在饭桌旁如此大声地说话,以致于我不得不努力使得自己被听到。“struggle to do sth”意思是努力做某事;“hear”和其逻辑主语“I”之间是被动关系,故用不定式的被动形式。故选A。

7.________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.

A.Having eaten B.To eat

C.Eat D.Eating

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:分析句子结构可知,主句主语为Tina,前半句为从句,应该用非谓语动词作状语,故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来,故排除B。主句主语和eat之间为主动关系,且eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前,故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词作状语

8.We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____to achieve the final success. A.being done B.do C.to be done D.to do

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们有一个好的开端,但是下一步需要做更多的工作得到最后的目标。Need doing或need to be done需要被做…,所以选C。

考点:考查非谓语动词

9.Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B.C.

A.dated B.dating C.dates D.to date

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:几年前,他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期),始于(某一时期)”,a tomb of a man(男子的坟墓)与date from之间为主动关系,应使用现在分词短语作后置定语,若用句子表示二者之间的关系,可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B.C.故选B。

10.What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech?

A.sitting B.sit

C.sat D.to sit

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办?根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing判断出前面填非谓语结构,“人们”和“坐”是主动关系,故选A。

11. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.

A.Find B.Finding

C.To find D.Found

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:在发现课程非常难的同时,她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动和进行,做伴随状语。故选B。

【点睛】

首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分,然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或者不定式。这题是做伴随状语,she和find是主动关系,用现在分词做状语。

12. in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.

A.Being dressed; pick out B.Dressed; pick out

C.Dressed; be picked out D.Having dressed; pick out

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着……,作状语表状态,故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形

式表达被动意思,所以用pick out。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

主动形式表被动意义的不定式

1.主语+be +adj. +to do。

能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意:当上述形容词在句中作宾语补

足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。

3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。

4.不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主

动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.

5.There be 句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。

7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do 结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。

分析句子可知,sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确

13.The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _________.

A.to miss B.to have been missing C.having missed D.missing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词不定式。句意:新闻报道称,印尼海啸造成的死亡人数已攀升至400多人,据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且

在本句中被应用到with的复合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

动词不定式的时态和语态

动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。

1)不定式的时态意义

不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的。

①不定式的一般式

不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生

②不定式的进行式

不定式的进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。

③不定式的完成式

不定式的完成时表达下列意义:

a. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

b. 用在intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词后,不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作, to have been表示状态。

C .用在seem, appear, thing, consider, believe等后,表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。

④不定式的完成进行式

表示动作在谓语动词之前发生,而且一直进行着。

⑤ come + 不定式表示一个动作发生的过程

He will come to understand it in the end.他最终会懂得的。

分析句子可知,be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语,且在本句中被应用到with的符合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前,所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。

14.______to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.

A.Having been asked B.To ask

C.Having asked D.To be asked

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:“由于那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影”,主语“我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系,要用过去分词,“被要求加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前,要用过去分词的完成式having been asked,A项正确;B项 to ask是动词不定式,表示目的或将要发生的动作,不正确;C项 having asked 是现在分词的完成式,不正确;D项 to be asked 是动词不定式的被动形式,不符合语境,故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词

15.I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country.

A.to invite B.inviting C.having invited D.to be invited

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定式用法。句意:我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。故D正确。

【点睛】

本句考查不定式作真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。it作形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess...。一般说来,当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。

16.Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library

A.to borrow B.borrowed C.to be borrowed D.borrowing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知,这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗,所以用过去分词做定语,故选B。

17.I watched Mike's adolescence, _____ he ran into trouble, _____things at the wrong time and misunderstood by many people.

A.when; saying B.which; said C.when; said D.which; saying

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句和现在分词。句意:我目睹了迈克的青春期,那段期间他遇到了麻烦,说错话,被很多人误解。分析句子可知,adolescence为先行词在后面的非限制性定语从句中作时间状语从句,所以第一个空应选关系副词为when。再分析句子可知,he 与say在逻辑

上是主动关系,所以第二个空选现在分词saying。故选A项。

18.There is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.

A.indicate B.indicating C.to indicate D.to be indicating

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:有大量证据表明,音乐活动时会调用大脑的不同部位。本题为there be 句型主语为evidence,indicate作定语,修饰evidence,而"evidence"与"indicate "之间构成主动关系,用现在分词indicating做定语修饰evidence,故选B。

19.(北京)______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. A.Ordering B.To order

C.Having ordered D.Ordered

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的,现在随时有可能送到。books和

order是动宾关系,即order the books/the books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成,在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...,故选D。

【点睛】

分词作状语

1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句;on doing sth. ="as" soon as sb. does sth.。

2. 分词作原因状语相当于as,since,because引导的原因状语从句。

3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换,但是可以改写成并列句。

4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。

5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus,thereby,only等。

6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。

20.(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students. A.to spend B.spend

C.spending D.spent

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。

非谓语动词易错题及解析

非谓语动词易错题及解析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1.(福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A.Known B.Having known C.Knowing D.Being known 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。 2.When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____. A.to repair bicycles B.bicycles to be repaired C.bicycles being repaired D.repairing bicycles 【答案】C 【解析】 3.Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up. A.wake B.waken C.to wake D.waking 【答案】D 【解析】 一旦他睡着了,我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难,选D。 4.In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel. A.making B.made C.make D.makes 【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚,许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中国游客去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。 5.Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A.realizing B.realized C.to realize D.being realized 【答案】A

初中非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词(不定式、动名词) 【考点概述】 非谓语动词的本意是不能做谓语的词性,但是它具有谓语动词的性质。非谓语动词是英语中特有的,在汉语中没有此概念。所以在掌握此语法是比较困难的,在平时的备考之中应注意多多练习。 【考点释义】 考点一:不定式 (1)构成:to+动词原形(do)如: I like to swim. 注意:不定式有省“to”的不定式和不省“to”的不定式两类,但多数以不省“to”的不定式为主。如:I heard him (to)sing. 我听到他在唱歌。 (2)句法功能: 1. 作主语 在英语中为了避免头重脚轻,当不定式作主语时有时主语太长时我们用形式主语“it”来作“形式主语”,将真正主语移植动词不定时之后。形式主语也就是我们所说的“不定式的复合结构”。其构成为“It +be +(for/of sb) to do sth. 如: ① It is very important ( us) to study English. = To study English is very important for us. 学英语对我们来说是很重要的 ② It is very kind ( you) to help me. = To help me is very kind of you. 你帮助我太好了。 【易错警示】我们在区别“of”和“for”的方法如下: 当介词“of”或“for”后面接的代词与前面形容词之间能否构成主谓逻辑关系就决定是用介词“of”或“for”。如果能够成主谓逻辑关系时我们使用介词“of”,反之则用介词“for”。例如上述两个例子。 ①It is very important (for us) to study English. Us is very important.(不成立) 由于不能构成主谓关系,所以用介词“for”。 ②It is very kind (of you) to help me. You are very kind. (成立) 由于构成主谓关系,所以用介词“of”。 2. 作宾语 当动词不定式作宾语是表示的是一种打算、希望、命令等。如: ① I want to read English magazines every day. 我每天想读英语杂志。(表想,希望) ② I determine to go for a long holiday. 我决定去度一个长假。(表打算,决定)【归纳】常接不定式作宾语的动词有如下: want determine decide hope plan except would like 等。 3. 作宾补 当动词不定时作宾补即宾语补足语时宾补与宾语之间就会构成主谓的逻辑关系,宾补成立的条件唯此一条。 接不定式作宾补的动词有:“advice”、“ask”、“force”、“persuade”、

成语知识点:高考语文中560个常考易错成语

1. 哀鸿遍野:比喻呻吟呼号、流离失所的灾民到处都是。哀鸿,哀鸣的大雁,比喻悲哀呼号的灾民。 2. 安步当车:古代称人能安贫守贱。现多用以表示不乘车而从容不迫地步行。安,安闲。 3. 安土重还:安于本乡本土,不愿轻易迁移。重,看得很重。 4. 嗷嗷(áo)待哺(bǔ):形容受饥饿的悲惨遭情景。嗷嗷,哀号声;哺,喂食。 5. 筚(bì)路蓝缕:驾着柴车,穿着破旧的衣服去开辟山林。筚路,柴车。蓝缕,破衣服。形容创作的艰苦。 6. 抱残守缺:形容保守不知改进。 7. 白驹过隙:比喻时间过得很快,就骏马在细小的缝隙前飞快地越过一样。白驹,骏马。 8. 杯弓蛇影:比喻疑神疑鬼,妄自惊慌。 9. 杯水车薪:用一杯水去救一车着了火的柴。比喻无济于事。 10. 别无长(cháng)物:没有多余的东西。形容穷困或俭朴。 11. 不足挂齿:不值得一提。谦虚说法。 12. 不足为训:不值得很为效法的准则。训,准则。 13. 不可理喻:没法跟他讲道理。形容蛮横或固执。比喻,使明白。 14. 不胫而走:比喻消息传得很快。胫,小腿。 15. 不负众望:不能使群众信服。孚,使人信服。 16. 不为(wéi)已甚:指对人的责备或处罚适可而止。已甚,过分。 17. 不即不离:不接近也不疏远。即,接近。 18. 不卑不亢:对待人有恰当的分寸,既不低声下气,了不傲慢自大。卑,低下;亢,高。 19. 不稂(láng)不莠(yǒu):比喻人不成材,没出息。稂、莠,田里的野草。

20. 不落窠臼:比喻有独创风格,不落旧套。 21. 不容置喙(huì):不容别人插嘴。喙,嘴。 22. 不塞(sāi)不流,不止不行:比喻旧思想文化不予以破坏,新思想、新文化就不能树立起来。 23. 不以为然:不认为是对的,含有轻视意。然,对,正确。 24. 不以为意:不放在心上,不加注意。 25. 不刊之论:形容不能改动或不可磨灭的言论。刊,削除,修改。 26. 不瘟不火:指戏曲不沉闷乏味,也一急促。瘟,戏曲沉闷乏味;火,比喻紧急、急促。 27. 侧目而视:斜着眼睛看人,不敢用正眼看。形容拘谨畏惧而又愤怒的样子。 28. 出神入化:形容技艺达到了绝妙的境地。 29. 城下之盟:敌军到了城下,抵抗不了,跟敌人订的盟约。泛指被迫签订的条约。 30. 诚惶诚恐:惶恐不安。原是君主时代臣下给君主奏章中的套语。 31. 曾几何时:时间没有过去多久。 32. 曾经沧桑:比喻曾经见过大世面,不把平常事放在眼里。 33. 蚕食鲸吞:用各种方式侵占吞并。(蚕、鲸,名词作状语) 34. 沧海一粟(sù):比喻非常微小。粟,谷子。 35. 从善如流:接受善意的规劝,如同水流向下那样迅速而自然。 36. 大快人心:坏人坏事受到惩罚或打击,使大家非常痛快。 37. 大而无当:虽然大,但是不合用。 38. 大智若愚:某些有才智有才能的人不露锋芒,表面看来好像很愚笨。多含褒义。 39. 大器晚成:指能担当大事的人物要经过长期的锻炼,所以成就比较晚。

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高考易错成语集锦(分类整理版)

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高考英语高分必备:高中英语100组易混易错词汇+100个易错知识点

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【英语】非谓语动词易错题及解析

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