《英语语法》主谓一致
第十六章主谓一致
主谓一致（concord），是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。英语中动词be的变化形式最多，如I am，You are，He is，We are等。主语I一定要用am的动词形式，这就叫“主谓一致”。
一、主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致涉及三个基本原则，即语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）、意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）和就近原则（principle of proximity）。
A.语法一致
语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系，主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；反之，谓语动词用复数形式。
My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。
My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。
B.意义一致
意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面上的语法标记。
1. 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。
The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数小学老师都是女的。
2. 主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities. 桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。
C.就近原则
就近原则是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时，谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。
There is a square table and some chairs in the center of the dining-room. 餐厅中央有一张方桌和几把椅子。
Either your students or William knows this. 不是你的学生就是威廉知道这件事。
一般说来，究竟何时采用何种原则，应视英语习惯用法而定。但在实际使用中，如果对上述三种原则捉摸不定，遵循语法一致的原则是一种比较稳妥的方法。
二、并列主语的主谓一致
A.由and 连接的并列主语
1. 用and（或both... and）连接并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 榔头和锯子都是有用的工具。
Both industry and agriculture have been greatly developed these years. 这几年工农业大大地发展了。
①当and连接的两个名词是指组合到一起的一件完整的或成套的东西，或表示同一个人或一种概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。
A needle and thread was given to her, but she could not sew the button on. 针线给了她，但她不会把钮扣缝起来。（a needle and thread 作为同一件东西对待）
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。（going to bed early and getting up early 被看成同一概念）
Bread and butter is his usual breakfast. 他经常以黄油面包当早餐。
A cart and horse was seen in the distance. 远方看见一辆马车。
英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：
iron and steel 钢铁
law and order 治安
bread and butter黄油面包
a watch and chain 一块带链的表
a knife and fork刀叉
a coat and tie配有领带的上衣
aim and end 目的
truth and honesty 真诚
2. 一个名词为几个并列形容词所修饰时，这时主语和谓语动词的一致关系一般遵循语法一致的原则。
Clever and slow students are treated alike. 聪明的和迟钝的学生都受到相同的对待。
A black and white kitten was found in the garden yesterday. 昨天在花园里发现一只黑白色的小花猫。
比较：
A black and a white dogs are playing in the yard. 一只黑狗和一只白狗正在院子里玩。（两只狗）
A black and white dog is playing in the yard. 一只黑白花狗正在院子里玩。(一只狗)
3．在each... and each ..., every...and every..., no...and no...等结构之后，谓语动词用单数形式。Each boy and each girl has an apple. 每个男孩和女孩都有苹果。
Every hour and every minute is precious. 每一小时，每一分钟，都很宝贵。
No bird and no beast is seen on the lonely island. 荒岛上既看不到鸟也看不到野兽。
4. 带有并列动词的what从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定动词的数。
What he says and does do not agree. 他的言行不一致。（具体指他说的话和他做的事）
What he says and does does not concern me. 他的言行与我无关。（泛指他的为人）
5．在某些成语中，一些并列主语用and相连时，其后谓语用单数形式。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 光工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也会变傻。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富有、聪慧。
B.以or, either...or, neither...nor, not...but, not only...but also等连接的名词（代词）作并列
主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。
Neither he nor I am willing to go shopping today. 他和我今天都不愿去购物。
--Are either you or he to go there --是你还是他将去那里？
--Neither is. --一个也不去。
Not only the Writer brothers but also their father was there. 不只是莱特兄弟在那里，连他们的父亲也在。
Not the students but their teatrers but also their father was there.
被邀请去参加晚会的不是学生（们），而是他们的老师。
C．主语后跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, like, rather than, together with, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定，也就是说，谓语动词的数不受这些词组的影响。
The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library. 这位老师和学生们一起在图书馆阅读。
The students as well as the teacher were reading in the library. 学生们和这位老师一起在图书馆阅读。
The manager, rather than the workers, is responsible for the loss. 损失的责任应由经理而不是工人们来承担。
Nobody but three policemen was on the spot. 当时只有三个警察在现场。
三、单一主语的主谓一致
单数的主语跟单数的动词，复数的主语跟复数的动词，这是符合语法一致的原则。但在实际运用中，往往会出现较为复杂的情况：
A．形复意单的名词作主语
形复意单的名词作主语（即形式为复数，意义为单数），按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。
1. 许多学科名称，如mathematics, physics, economics, politics等，以及news等名词作主语时，动词用单数。
Physics is required of every student in our school. 物理是我校每个学生的必修科目。
News is traveling fast nowadays. 当今新闻传播得很快。
2. 用作国名、组织机构、书名、报刊名等复数形式的专有名词作为整体对待，谓语用单数。
The United Nations has passed a resolution to lift sanctions against Iraq. 联合国通过了解除对伊制裁的决定。
The Times reports the news of the strike. 时代杂志报导了罢工的消息。
Great Expectations was written by Dickens in 1860. 《远大前程》是狄更斯于1860年写的。注意：
如果山脉、群岛、瀑布等名称作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The Great Lakes lie between the USA and Canada. 五大湖在美国和加拿大两国之间。
The Philippines are in the western Pacific Ocean southeast of China. 菲律宾群岛在中国东南太平洋西部。
The Niagara Falls are the falls on the Niagara River. 尼亚加拉瀑布位于尼亚加拉河上。
3. 一些形复意单的名词，包括有成双成套部分的衣物或工具名称，作主语时，谓语用复数。My blue trousers have been worn out. 我的蓝裤子已经穿破了。
His glasses are new. 他的眼镜是新的。
这些名词如用a pair of 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
The shoes are under the bed. 鞋在床下。
The pair of shoes is under the bed. 这双鞋在床下。
4. 单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数；用作复数意义时，谓语用复数。这类名词有：sheep, deer, fish, means, works, species, Chinese, Japanese 等。
The (This) glass works was set up in 1986. 这家玻璃厂建于1986年。
The (These) glass works are near the railway station. 这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。
This species of rose is very rare. 这种玫瑰很稀有。
The species of fish are numerous. 鱼的种类很多。
Sheep are raised for wool. 养羊是为了剪毛。
There is a sheep under the tree. 树下有一只绵羊。
比较：
当这类名词前有a, such a, this, that, every修饰时，谓语用单数；有all, such, these, those修饰时，谓语用复数。
Every means has been tried out without much result. 每一种方法都试过了却没什么结果。
All means have been tried out without much result. 所有方法都试过了却没什么结果。
B．集合名词作主语
集合名词表示有若干个体组成的集合体，如army, audience, class, club, company, crowd, government, group, party, population, team, union等。
1. 集合名词作主语时，若表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数，若表示构成该集合体的成员，则谓语动词用复数。
His family are waiting for him. 他的家人正在等他。
But the man's family was small-only himself and his wife. 但那人的家庭很小，只有他本人和妻子。
One third of the population here are workers. 这里人口中有三分之一是工人。
The population of the earth is increasing every year. 地球上的人口每年都在增长。
2. 有些集合名词，如cattle, folk, people, police, youth等，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，即所谓的“形单意复”。
The police have caught the thief. 警察已经抓住了小偷。
The cattle are grazing in the field. 牛在田野里吃草。
Youth today are quite different from 20 years ago. 现在的年轻人和20年前大不一样。
Some folk are never satisfied. 有些人从不知足。
几组集合名词作主语的句子。
The team is well organized. 这个队组织得很好。
The team are all tough players. 这个队的队员都很强壮。
All the class were jumping with joy. 全班同学都高兴地跳了起来。
The class is made up of 54 students. 这班由54名学生组成。
The young couple is happy. 这对年轻夫妇很幸福。
The young couple are quarrelling with each other. 这对年轻夫妇正在吵架。
The village is at the foot of the mountain. 这个村子在山脚下。
All the village are out to greet him. 全村人都出来欢迎他。
3．有些无生命（表示物）的集合名词作主语，谓语用单数。
All the furniture in my room is new. 我房间里的家具都是新的。
Warm clothing is necessary in cold climates. 在寒冷的气候中，保暖的衣服是必需的。
The machinery is driven by electricity. 这些机器是由电力驱动的。
Has your luggage arrived yet 你的行李已经运到了吗？
A lot of hiking equipment is needed here. 这里需要大量徒步旅行的装备。
C．代词作主语
1．名词性物主代词作主语时，既可以用作单数，也可以用作复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Ours is a great country. 我们的（国家）是一个伟大的国家。(ours = our country)
Your shoes are black, and mine are brown. 你的鞋是黑色的，我的(鞋)是棕色的。( mine=my shoes)
2．such, the same等指示代词作主语时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements. 爱因斯坦就是这样一个俭朴而又取得巨大成就的人。
Such are her wishes. 她的愿望就这些。
3．关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数一致。
Those who want to go for a picnic please put up your hands. 那些想去野餐的人请举手。Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun. 一些被人类使用的能量来自于太阳
。
在one of+复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此，从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但当one之前有the, the only等修饰语时，关系代词的先行词是one，而不是靠近它的复数名词，因此从句的动词应是单数形式。
This is one of the best films that have been shown this year. 这是今年所放的最佳电影中的一部。
She is the only one of the girls who sings best. 她是这么多女孩中唯一歌唱得最好的。
4．疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
Who lives upstairs It is Xiao Wang. 谁住在楼上？小王。
Who live next door It is Li and Zhang. 谁住在隔壁？李和张。
5．不定代词作主语时，有以下两种情况：
①some, all, any, none, more, most等词可以指复数名词和不可数名词，它们作主语时，视其文中的意义，判断动词用单数还是复数的形式。
Now all has been changed. 一切都已改变。
All are present today, Mr Li. answered the monitor. 班长回答说：李老师，今天大家全到了。None is so good as he. 没有人像他那么好。
None are so good as those who are always ready to help others. 没有人像那些总是乐于助人的人那么好。
提示：
在口语中，none of + 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数均可，要以说话人所想的而定。
None of the telephones works/work. 这些电话都坏了。
None of us have/has been to Dalian. 我们中谁也没去过大连。
②some, all, any, none, more, most等词接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式，若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词用复数形式。
Most of his spare time was spent in reading. 他的大部分业余时间都花在读书上了。
Most of the colour blind people are men. 色盲的人大多数是男的。
D．数词、量词作主语
1. 数词作主语，不论指人还是指物，谓语通常用复数。
About twenty know the secret. 二十人知道这个秘密。
Six are missing. 丢了六个。
2. “more than one + 单数名词”结构作主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词用单数形式。但“more+复数名词+than one”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
More than one person has known the news. 不止一个人知道了这个消息。
More students than one are for your proposal. 很多学生同意你的计划。
3. one out of ten 或one in ten结构作主语，谓语动词应按照语法一致的原则，用单数。One out of ten was badly injured in the accident. 在这场事故中有十分之一的人受了伤。
4. “a +单数名词+ or two”结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。但“one or two +复数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
A word or two is missing here. 这里缺一两个词。
One or two friends are coming for dinner this evening. 一两个朋友今晚要来吃晚饭。
5. “many a + 单数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
Many a passenger was killed in the accident.许多乘客在这一次事故中丧生。
Many a boy has been to the castle. 有好几个男孩到过那城堡。
6. “one and a half + 复数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table. 桌上还剩下一根半香蕉。
One and a half years has passed. 一年半时间过去了。
7. “分数或百分数+ of + 名词”结构作主语，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
Three-fourths of its surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面四分之三是海洋。
Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. 在场的三分之二的人反对这个计划。Around 10 percent of the forest is destroyed each year. 每年大约有百分之十的森林被毁。
8. 用plus/and表示“加”，用minus表示“减”，和用times表示“乘”时，动词多用单数，但也可用复数。
Two and two is/are four. 二加二是四。
Ten times five is/are fifty. 十乘五等于五十。
用from表示“被减”，multiplied by表示“被乘”或divided by表示“被除”，其谓语动词用单数。
8 from 10 leaves 2. 10减8等于2。
25 divided by 5 equals 5. 25除以5等于5。
9. 时间价格距离等作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Fifty kilometers is a long distance. 五十公里是一段长距离。
Four thousand dollars is more than she can afford. 她付不起4，000美元。
The six months was a terrible dream for her. 那6个月对她来说是一场恶梦。
Only six days was allowed to make preparations for the final examination. 只给了六天的时间来准备期末考试。
若强调这类结构的复数意义，谓语动词也可用复数形式。
Six years have passed since my father left home. 我父亲离家已经六年了。
The fifty miles were covered by the winner in three hours. 优胜者花了三小时跑完了50英里的路程。
There are eight silver dollars in the drawer. 抽屉里有八块银元。
10.“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a heap of, a mass of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓
语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为of后面的名词是中心词，而of前面的量词是修饰语。
Lots of damage was caused by fire. 许多损失由火灾引起的。
Lots of goods were sent there by air. 大量的货物空运到那里。
Half of the oranges are bad. 一半的桔子烂了。
Half of the food is unfit to eat. 这食物中有一半不能吃。
11. 在“a number/total of+名词复数”结构中，中心词是名词，谓语动词用复数形式。但在“the number/total of+ 名词复数”结构中，中心词却是number或total，故谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of students are playing basketball on the playground. 操场上有相当多的学生在打篮球。
The number of pages in this book is 900. 这本书的页数是900。
A total of 3，000 letters were received last month. 上个月共收到3，000封信。
The total of letters received last month was 3，000. 上个月收到信件共3，000封。
12. 在“a great deal of a large amount of + 不可数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。但“large amounts of + 不可数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词通常用复数。
A great deal of rice was taken from the country to the city by railway. 很多大米通过铁路从乡下运往城市。
A large amount of money is spent on the project. 这个工程耗费了巨额资金。
Large amounts of money were spent on the free way. 建高速公路花了大量的钱。
13. “the rest of + 可数名词或不可数名词”结构作主语，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
The rest of the students are watering trees. 其余的学生正在浇树。
The rest of the wine has gone bad. 剩下的酒已经变质了。
四、其他情况的主谓一致
A．名词性从句和非谓语动词作主语
不定式短语、动词的-ing形式和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
Doing experiments is a good way to find out answers to questions. 做实验是找到问题答案的好方法。
To learn foreign languages is not so difficult as you think. 学一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。That I shall work with you is a great pleasure. 我能和你在一起工作是极大的快乐。
注意：
what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词可用复数形式。
What we want is more time. 我们需要的是更多的时间。
What they need in that area are doctors and nurses. 他们那个地区需要的是医务工作者。What she left him are some old photos. 她给他留下的是一些旧照片。
B．名词化的形容词作主语
名词化的形容词指的是“the＋形容词（或过去分词或现在分词）”结构，如：the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the wounded, the injured, the unemployed, the dying, the living 等。当这种结构作主语，表示一类人时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别的或表示抽象的概念时，谓语动词则用单数。
The young are more active than the old in the work. 做这项工作青年人比老年人积极。
The injured in the accident is an engineer. 在这次事故中受伤的那人是位工程师。
The beautiful is loved by all. 爱美之心人皆有之。
必背：
下列词属于表示抽象的概念，谓语动词需用单数。
the latest 最新情况
the unknown未知的事
the rough 难处理的事
the worst最坏的事
the foreign 外国的事情
the unreal不真实的事
the lovely 漂亮的东西
the evil恶
the ugly 丑
the mystical 神秘的东西
the true 真
the false假
C．倒装句
倒装句的谓语动词的单复数应根据主语而定。
On the wall were several famous paintings. 墙上悬挂着几幅著名油画。
East of the city lie two chemical works. 城东有两家化工厂。
Between the two buildings stands a monument. 两幢楼之间耸立着一块纪念碑。
初中英语中主谓一致详解
主谓一致详解 【基础知识】 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则(grammatical concord) 意义一致原则(notional concord) 就近原则(principle of proximity) （一）语法一致原则 用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。例如： This table is a genuine antique. Both parties have their own advantages. Her job has something to do with computers. She wants to go home. They are divorcing each other. Mary was watching herself in the mirror. The bird built a nest. Susan comes home every week-end. （二）意义一致原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如： Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy. A barracks was attacked by the guerilla. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. The United States is a developed country. It is the remains of a ruined palace. The archives was lost.
初中英语语法主谓一致
初中英语语法主谓一致 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020
I．单数主语： 1．当 every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及 each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2．当 every 或 each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！） ● Each girl and boy has a . ● Every man and woman is welcome. 3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. （这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。） ● The teacher along with his students is going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder si ster have come to see him. II．复数主语： 1．当主语由 and 或 both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。 ● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
高考英语语法综合练习 主谓一致
[主谓一致] 高考语法综合练习 选用括号内适当的动词。 1.Two hours__________(is,are)not long enough for this test. 2.One and a half apples__________(is,are)left on the table. 3.One and a half days__________(is,are)all I can spare. 4.There__________(is,are)two pairs of glasses on the table. 5.Traffic police__________(is,are)always very busy. 6.The English__________(likes,like)to be with their family at Christmas. 7.His family__________(is,are)all very well. 8.About twenty percent of the students in our class__________(is,are)girls. 9.All__________(is,are)here.Let's start our meeting. 10.What the children want__________(is,are)storybooks. 11.This is the one of the books on the subject that__________(has,have)ever been written in Chinese. 12.Bread and butter__________(is,are)a daily food in the west. 13.No man and no woman__________(is,are)going to do such a shameful thing. 14.Not only my brother but also I__________(am,is)going there. 15.Mary as well as her classmates__________(has,have)learned to drive a tractor. 16.There__________(is,are)more than one answer to your question. 17.Two thirds of the population of the city__________(is,are)immigrants(移民). 18.The students each__________(has,have)a dictionary. 参考答案： 1.is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语,通常看作整体,谓语用单数。 2.are。如果“one and a half+复数名词”作主语,指时间时谓语用单数,如下题。
【英语】主谓一致考点+例题_全面解析1
【英语】主谓一致考点+例题_全面解析1 一、主谓一致 1．_____ Tom_____Maria loves this sport. A．Both, and B．Not only, but also C．But, and D．Both, or 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 试题分析：句意：不仅汤姆，玛丽亚也喜欢这个运动。Both…and…“两者都……”，连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；Not only…but also… “不仅……而且……”，连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。谓语动词用“loves”,所以选择B。 考点: 考查连词的用法。 2．Now the number of students who bedrooms of their own getting larger and larger. A．has;are B．have;is C．has;is D．Have;are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在拥有自己卧室的学生越来越多。have动词，有；has动词三单，有。is 是，动词单三形式；are是，主语为第一、二人称，以及第三人称复数。定语从句Now the number of students who____ bedrooms of their own中，students为先行词，复数含义，所以定语从句谓语动词使用复数形式have。第二个空为be动词，其主语为the number（单数含义），所以be动词使用is。故选：B。 点睛：the number of表示“……的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数; a number of表示“许多”，相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 3．- I'm getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food? - Of course! There ____________ a restaurant around the comer. A．will be B．was C．is 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：---我饿了。你知道在哪能买到好食物吗？---当然！拐角处有一家餐馆。A选项是一般将来时的there be句型，B选项是一般过去时的there be句型，C选项是一般现在时的there be句型；根据句意这里是一般现在时，故选C。 4．----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an? ---- is OK. It’s up to you. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All 【答案】A 【解析】
最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习-(精华版)
高中英语之“主谓一致” （**）主谓一致的概念。 所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间，即（主语的人称和单复数形式）决定着（谓语动词对应的形式）。 （一）主谓一致的种类 一、【语法一致】 1. vand连接〉两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候，谓语动词有以下两种情况： （1）如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候，谓语动词用复数。 He and she ____ both students of this school. 他和她都是这个学校的学生。 （2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物，或者指同一概念的时候，谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer ___ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。 The knife and fork ____ o n the table. 刀叉在桌子上。 2. 如果主语是＜不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句＞的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。 When he is coming seems very important. 他什么时候要来看起来很重要。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。 To love her is not to break her wings. 爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。 3.定语从句的＜关系代词who, which, that＞在从句中作主语时，要与＜先行词＞的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用，谓语动词的数＜随主语的变化＞而变化。 例如： The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。 二、［意义一致原则］ ，但在意义上却是复数；有指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。（有的主语名词在形式上是单数 的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上却是单数。）不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语，谓语动词视情况而定。 All of the apples ___ rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。 All of the apple ____ rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 None of the money ____ l eft. 没有剩下一点钱。
l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
初中英语语法归纳总结及主谓一致
初中英语语法归纳总结及主谓一致 语法归纳总结 一. 词类 英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1. 名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 例：boy, morning, bag, home, class, orange. 2. 代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。 例：who, she, you, it . 3. 形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 例：good, right, white . 4. 数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。 例：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5. 动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。 例：am, is,are,have,see . 6. 副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。 例：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7. 冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。 例：a, an, the. 8. 介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 例in, on, from, above, behind. 9. 连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。 例and, but, before . 10. 感叹词(interj..)：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
例：oh, well, hi, hello. 二. 句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1. 主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 例：I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐。 2. 谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 例：Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克每天打扫房间。 3. 表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担 任。 例：My name is Ping ping. 我的名字叫萍萍。 4. 宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 例：He can spell the word. 他能拼这个词。 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语 一般放在直接宾语的前面。 例：He wrote me a letter. 他给我写了一封信。 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。 例：He wrote a letter to me. 他给我写了一封信。 5. 定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。 例：Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。 6. 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词，通常由副词担任。 例：He works hard. 他工作努力。 7. 宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。
高中英语主谓一致讲解
高中英语主谓一致 1．名词作主语 1）有些词，如news,maths,physics,politics,the United States等在形式上是复数，但意义上为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is widely read in the world. 2)某些集体名词，如family, team,等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV. 这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。 2）某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如： The police are searching for the thief. 3）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years has passed since then. 4）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. 5）如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 6）“one of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 One of the students in our class is from Shandong. 7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： A pair of shoes was on the desk. 8）this kind of men的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind的谓语动词用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如： This kind of men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous. 9）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致原则，作用单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有：means（方法），works（工厂），species （种类），Chinese，Japanese等。如： The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于1980年。)
高中英语语法知识点 主谓一致
考点 03 主谓一致
【命题解读】 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主 谓一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就 近一致三个方面上。 【命题预测】 主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形 式出题，在完形填空中也会有所涉及，总体难度系数较低，纵观近年的高考真题，主谓一 致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点。预计 2018 年高考仍会沿袭这一命题规律。 【复习建议】 1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致； 2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配； 3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致； 4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
高考主谓一致的知识结构 一致原则 考点详解 例句 His father is working on the farm. 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、 To study English well is not easy. 动名词短语或从句作主语时， 谓语动词一 语法一致 般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词 用复数形式。 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is very important for us all.
1
Lucy and Lily are twins. 2. 由连接词 and 或 both …… and 连接起来 的合成主语后面， 要用复数形式的谓语动 词。 She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词， 尽管后面跟有 with，together with，except，but，like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides，including 等引起的短语， playground. 谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数， 谓语用复数形式。 She，like you and Tom，is very tall. Mr. Green ， together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the
4. either，neither，each，every 或 no + Each of us has a new book. 单数名词和由 some，any，no，every 构 Everything around us is matter. 成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
He is one of my friends who are working 5. 在定语从句中，关系代词 that，who， hard. which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与 He is the only one of my friends who is 句中先行词的数一致。 working hard.
一致原则
考点详解 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体， 它的谓
例句 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a
语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其 monitor. 谓语动词就用复数形式。 语法一致 这些词有 family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等。 注：people，police，cattle 等名词一般都 用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of， lots of， plenty of， the rest of， There are a lot of people in the classroom.
2
高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。 语法一致原则 语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1．单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ?To study French well is not easy. 学好法语不容易。 ?What he said is very important for us all. 他说的话对我们大家很重要。 【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式；但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 ?What I bought were three Chinese books. 我买的是三本中文书。 ?What I say and do are helpful to you. 我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。 2．由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面，谓语动词要用复数形式。 ?Both she and he are middle school students. 他和她都是中学生。 【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时，主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。 ?The writer and artist has come. 那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。 ?To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。 (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 ?No boy and no girl likes it. 男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
(英语)英语主谓一致解析版汇编及解析
（英语）英语主谓一致解析版汇编及解析 一、主谓一致 1．—Where ________ your teacher from? — Australia. A．am B．is C．are 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：---你的老师来自哪？---澳大利亚。此题考查系动词，因为your teacher是第三人称单数，故用is。根据句意，应选B。 考点：考查主谓一致。 2．Alice, together with her classmates punished for breaking the school rules last week. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：艾丽斯和她的同学上周因违反校规而受到惩罚。考查一般过去时和主谓一致。根据last week可知句子时态应用一般过去时，排除A、B选项；together with her classmates在句中作状语，主语是Alice，第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式，排除D选项；故答案选C。 3．Mary with her parents to Hong Kong. They’ll stay there for two weeks. A．have been B．have gone C．has been D．has gone 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：玛丽和她的父母一起去了香港，他们打算在那里待一个星期。考查主谓一致和现在完成时。根据后面They’ll stay there for two weeks.一句话，可知玛丽和她的父母待在香港两周了，一起去了香港，并且还没有回来，所以用have/has gone to；have/has been to 则表示去过某地（已经回来）；主语后面由with结构时，谓语动词由前面的主语决定单复数，根据主语Mary判断用助动词has．故选D。 【点睛】 现在完成时的标志词 already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, lately, never, ever, never, twice, on several occasion, in the past few days/weeks/months/years,（up to）these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, just, up to present, so far, up to now, till now, since+时间 4．（两者之中）任一的
(完整版)主谓一致讲解教案
主谓一致讲解教案 一、授课时间：2012年1月4日 二、授课内容：语法点主谓一致讲解 三、授课重难点： 1、授课重点：主谓一致三原则：语法一致；意义一致;就近一致原则 2、授课难点：主谓一致常考题型 四：授课过程 Step I 课程引入 由三个例句导入主谓一致的概念 1.I am a student. 2.They are students. 3.She is a teacher. 我们可以看出主语不同，谓语动词的形式就不同 主谓一致：谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 Step II 讲述 一、主谓一致遵循三个原则：语法一致；意义一致;就近一致原则 分别对每个原则中的每一项进行讲解，并且举出例句，和学生互动。 1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
英语语法主谓一致
主谓一致 1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 （1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 I often help him and he often helps me. （2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3）就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 并列主语的谓语一致 1.And （1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 Tom and Jack are close friends. （2）两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （3）被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （4）一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。 Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying. （5）由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数 What he says and does do not agree.（言行不一致） What he says and does does not concern me. 2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。 Either Tom or I is going there. 3、“with/along with/together with/as well as/as much as/expect/besides/including/rather than/but/等+名词”结构时，谓语单复数不受这些词影响。 You father as well as you is very kind to me, 某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 1.集合名词 （1）表示整体概念，强调一致性，谓语动词用单数形式；强调每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。 如：family，company, committee, government, nation,
【英语】主谓一致考点+例题_全面解析
【英语】主谓一致考点+例题_全面解析 一、主谓一致 1．There __________ still some apple juice in the fridge. It’s not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now. A．was B．were C．is D．are 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：冰箱里还有一些苹果汁。我们现在没有必要去超市。表示某处有某物常用There be 句型。本句主语some apple juice属不可数名词，结合语境，所以选C。 考点：考查主谓一致。 2．Not only his friends but also he ________ always interested in science fiction. A．show B．shows C．are D．is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：不仅他的朋友，而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。考查主谓一致。not only…but also连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定，即就近原则，所以此处要根据he来确定谓语动词的形式；因为后面是interested in，所以用be interested in“对…感兴趣”，所以谓语动词用is；故答案选D。 3．Eighty percent of the students in this school ________ three to five times a week. A．exercises B．exercise C．exercising 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“在我们学校80%的学生一周锻炼三到五次”。根据three to five times a w eek“一周三到五次”可知，用一般现在时，排除C；“分数或者百分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语与of后的名词保持一致，即与students保持一致，students为复数，故选B。 4．一There a book sale in our school.Would you like to have a look with me？ 一Sure.I'd love to. A．is B．have C．are
初中英语语法主谓一致
I．单数主语： 1．当every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2．当every 或each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！） ● Each girl and boy has a nickname. ● Every man and woman is welcome. 3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. （这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。） ● The teacher along with his students i s going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder sister have come to see him. II．复数主语： 1．当主语由and 或both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。 ● Both the girl an d the boy are his friends. 2．如主语是both, few或主语前有both, few, several, many 等限定词时，谓语动词须用复数。 ● Several novels have been written by her. ● Both got the news at the same time. 3．下列名词总是复数形式且谓语动词必须用复数。 trousers, pants, jeans, glasses, scissors, tweezers, plier, scales , compasses, etc. ● The trousers here are mine.