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听写，顾名思义，既听又写，它渗透在各种形式的语言活动中，是最常用到的基本功之一。听写测试要求考生把听到的内容准确无

误地以笔头的形式表达出来，虽无需考生自己遣词造句，但由于牵

涉到语言（听力，单词拼写，篇章结构等）与非语言能力（如记忆力，速记等）也决非易事。提高听写能力，关键就是加强各种相关

知识和技能的训练。

1．语言知识方面：

首先，必须提高听力水平，熟悉英美国家的说话发音的不同方式，语音语调；其次对于大纲中所列单词和短语，不仅要认知，而且会

熟练拼写；由于朗读中没有念出分段或标点，因此考生听后，要根

据对篇章的理解来判断选择。另外考生可以利用二读三读时的停顿，一般地说，二读时，某个意群如有停顿，接下去是另一意群，那么

两者之间可能有符号，如逗号，也可能没有，要看两者的关系，若

是回读（三读）该意群，那么这之后肯定是表示完整的一句结束了，因此最有可能是句号。此外，要充分利用语法知识进行分析，如单

复数是否一致?上下文时态是否相配?大小写是否恰当?介词搭配或词

语用法是否合乎规范?前后语意内容是否通顺等。

2．非语言能力方面：

加强记忆和速记能力。有时候，听的内容都懂了，但由于记忆的问题或时间的问题没写下来，因此在平时的训练中，有意识地不是

以单个的词而是以意群为单位进行理解和记忆；在短暂的停顿空间，如果时间来不及，可以选用自己熟悉的缩写形式或符号记录，等以

后有时间时再复原。这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练，才能获得。

充分利用听写的朗读方式，选用相应的书写技巧。

如：在听第一遍时，重点听主题思想，重点词，掌握全局概念，不要一听录音就写，否则也许能写出前边的单词或句子，却有可能不知全文的大意。

第二遍和第三遍是以句子为单位重复的，以意群为单位停顿的，在听第二遍录音时，因时间关系，不可能一字一字地全部写下，所以要分清主次信息，重点抓句型结构和关键词等，在听第三遍时，再把其它次要信息如修饰语?定冠词等遗漏内容补上；在听最后一遍（四遍）时最后仔细核对。

3.根据评分方式，学会取舍。

因为听写的`评分不是根据写出的单词个数多少而是以是否表达清楚原文的主要意思为依据，然后以是否有小的错误，如单复数，大小写，定冠词等分层次扣分，也就是说，扣分有主要和次要信息之分，因此听的时候也要分清重点和非重点；另外听写的全部内容根据意群分成15分，每个意群最多扣一分，如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不出来，就不要苦苦纠缠单个的词，要跟着录音进行下一意群的听写，避免个别词或句的错漏影响对其它内容的听音。

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2000 年专四听力答案 PART I DICTATION What We Know About Language Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. / However, we now do know something about it. / First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. / No human race anywhere on earth is so backward / that it has no language of its own at all. /Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. / There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, / but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. / In all the languages existing in the world today,/ there are complexities that must have been developed for years. / Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate./ Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. /And finally, we know that language changes over time, / which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. / The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead. PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. M:Jill,have you registered with the next semester? W:Not yet, there's still something that I'm not sure. Do you know if Professor Smith's economics 102 is still available to all undergraduate students? M:No, I don't think so. Last semester I tried to register in that course but all the other people told me not to. W:Why not? M:They said that my lack of knowledge in higher mathematics might be an obstacle in understanding Professor Smith's theory. W:Really? M:(I ) Jack tqld me that Professor Smith usually uses lots of formulas inside class. So you'd better make sure that you are extremely familiar with these formulas if you are seriously considering taking his course. W:What a shame I (2)My friends all told me that Professor Smith has lots of original ideas and he really can stimulate students to think. But I don't think I have the mathematical skills to keep up with the others. M:lf you want to take the course so much, why don't you register in a course in higher mathematics first? W. But I'm afraid that I will miss Professor Smith's course when I finish the mathematics course. M:Hey, I heard that Professor Smith would give the same course in the semester that starts next fall. ( 3 ) Why don't you take a year's higher mathematics and register in economics 102 the next fall? W:That sounds a good idea. I. [ B] 推断题。根据 ''They said that my lack of knowledge in higher mathematics might be an obstacle in understanding Professor Smith's theory. 可知，缺少高等数学知识会阻碍理解史密斯教授的理论，所以学习经济学需要有高等数学知识，因而[ B]项伟正确答案。 2. [D] 细节题。文中提到 ''My friends all told me that Professor Smith has lots of original ideas and he really stimulate students to think. ”由此可知，史密斯教授有很很多新颖的观点，斌且

英语专业四级听力短文

Town and Country Life in England There is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others. In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. 02 A Change in Women’s Life The important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls lef t school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them. 03 A Popular Pastime of the English People One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time. Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.