2021中国海洋大学语言学及应用语言学考研真题经验参考书

2021中国海洋大学语言学及应用语言学考研真题经验参考书
2021中国海洋大学语言学及应用语言学考研真题经验参考书

中国海洋大学

——语言学及应用语言学

本人报考的是中国海洋大学的语言学及应用语言学,废话不说上干货。

一、考试范围:

初试主要考的是:

①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语③663文学综合④964语言学综合

复试科目是现代汉语

二、考试形式

考试为闭卷考试,满分为150分(其中语言学概论、古代汉语、现代汉语各占50分),考试时间为180分钟。

试卷结构:名词解释30分,简答题60分,分析应用题60分。

三、考试内容

语言学概论的主要考试内容包括:对语言本质和语言不同功能的认知;对语言系统各种构成要素(语音和音系、语法、语义和语用)的分析和描写;对语言和文字关系的正确理解;对语言演变与语言分化、语言接触、语言系统的演变的表现和规律的认识;对实际语言现象的理论解释等。

古代汉语的主要考试内容包括:对古代汉语文字、音韵、训诂、语法现象的准确解释;对古代汉语文献的熟练阅读;对文字、音韵、训诂、句读等传统语言学知识的了解等。重点考查古汉语中文字、音韵、训诂等方面的基础知识。

现代汉语的主要考试内容包括:对现代汉语语音、词汇、语法现象的具体描写分析以及对分析方法的科学运用;对现代汉字的性质、整理与应用情况的了解;对现代汉语修辞学基本知识的一般把握。重点是对现代汉语实际语言事实和现象的科学分析和理论阐释。

四、复试方式和内容

1、复试包括笔试、面试、外国语听力与口语测试、综合素质考核、体检等内容。其中笔试主要是专业课测试。实践能力考核主要测试考生的实际能力。

笔试和面试:语言学及应用语言学:笔试侧重考察考生对语言学基础理论知识的掌握情况,对语言事实和现象的感悟能力以及运用语言学理论与方法分析和解决语言问题的能力;面试内容为语言学综合素质与能力。

外国语听力及口试:主要考察学生外语听、说能力,采用问答形式。

综合素质考核:包括思想政治素质和道德品质考核、心理素质测试以及人文素养、社会实践(社团活动、志愿服务等)、团结协作精神等方面的考核。

综合素质考核中的心理素质测试、体检由学校统一组织。

2、复试成绩计算公式:

复试成绩=专业科目笔试成绩×45%+面试成绩×45%+外国语听力与口语测试成绩。复试成绩、专业科目笔试成绩和面试成绩均采取满分百分制,外国语听力与口语测试成绩满分按10分计算。

五、最终录取的话,是考初试复试总的成绩,初复试各占比50%。按录取总成绩从高到低顺序录取。

好啦,接下来和大家分享一下我的备考经验:

现代汉语

现代汉语主要是看张斌的现代汉语,以及他的练习册,这两本很重要的哈。黄廖版本的话主要的就是看语音和修辞,当然有时间的话也可以看他的配套练习册,部分真题答案出处。胡裕树版本的现代汉语我看了,真的不用看~此外,我当时还看了现代汉语八百词,并且把其中经典的词义辨析都摘抄到了一个小本子上面;还有一本蓝皮书,叫做对外汉语教学201例,看啊,很重要。汉语与汉语研究十五讲这本书也很重要,必须认真看这本书,特别是前面六讲,以及后面的语义指向分析,范畴理论,认知理论,都是比较爱考的啦。有时间的话,把朱德熙的语法讲义,以及语法答问都看看。此外,我还看了一下汉语语法三百问,大家有时间的话可以看一下,拓展思路。

语言学概论

我看的是王德春的语言学概论和北京大学出版社的叶徐版本的语言学纲要。纲要这本书以及这本书的配套的绿色的练习册,西南交通大学出版社的,配合在一起看复习效果比较好。

政治

我的几个考研的同学里面(他们考的别的学校)政治都是70多分,有一个考复旦金融的同学80多分。一般能拿到70分以上就可以了。我的分也不算高,下面我个人的经验大家看看就罢,不用太当真,虽然下面写了很多,你们跳过不看也罢。

复习政治前要先看看往年的真题(我是后来才看的,现在想来还是复习前看比较好),然后就是看李凡政治新时器,边看边做。大纲我反反复复一直在看,看了几遍我也不记得了,就是每次觉得哪里不清楚就翻开看看。

我还买了肖秀荣的终极预测4套卷和冲刺8套卷。都是主要看选择题,今年有几道选择题就命中了。建议大家多把时间花在选择题上,我大概到了十一月份快十二月份的时候才开始有针对地准备分析题。

下面再说说政治四门课里我认为需要注意的地方。

政治的四门课里最好把握的就是马哲,重点都在唯物论、辩证法、历史唯物主义者三个部分里面,而且这三个部分很有系统性,虽然一开始理解会有困难,但多看几次理解了之后整个体系就比较清晰了,相对毛概、史纲、思修更容易记忆。这三部分的每一个知识点都有相似的结构:首先它会给出一条原理中涉及的基本概念,然后阐述这个原理、说明它揭示了什么规律,再然后是这个原理给我们什么启示、告诉了我们要注意什么。分析题的范围也都在这三个部分里面。

毛概和史纲建议一起看,可以先看史纲再看毛概,这样看毛概的时候就更清楚其历史背景。毛概的重点主要是新民主主义论、社会主义市场经济、民主政治、精神文明、和谐社会这几个部分。分析题都在经济、政治、文化、和谐社会这四个部分里面。史纲里面有三条线索:土地改革、统一战线、党的建设,这三个方面的内容是贯穿了较长的历史时期的,需要好好归纳总结以下。另外我看了下近几年(今年除外)的分析题,史纲的答案归纳起来就是谈古论今畅想未来(仅供参考,大家可以自己对比一下看我说的对不对):共产党成立以来带领人民完成了新民主主义革命、建立了新中国、完成了社会主义革命、进行了改革开放、建立了中国特色社会主义制度、开辟了中国特色社会主义道路、并终将完成中华民族伟大复兴的历史任务。

思修我就没什么好说的了,感觉有点乱,不太好记忆,就多看看吧。分析题不外乎考理想、道德、法律。而且一般道德和法律结合起来考。

英语

关于英语先说一下大致情况,我知道的人里面,不论基础好的,基础一般的,考进的没考进的,还是总分高到爆表的,都在75上下。我的感想是千万别在英语上花太多时间。

英语我主要就是背单词、做张剑的阅读150篇(完型、和后面那种新题型都不做)、做真题。9月之前一直都在背单词,其他什么也没碰,背完单词做150篇,150篇做得不好不要紧。我就做了一遍,然后再回过来做真题(真题除了翻译和作文不做其他都做,我认为完型和新题型不需要专门训练,阅读做多了这两个也查不到哪。真题可以多做几遍。),就觉得真题相对简单了。在后来就做的少了,最后两个月里我大概2到3天做一次(四篇)阅读,也就是为了保持一个热度,另外单词一直在回顾,还归纳总结了一下容易搞混的单词。作文我是在最后两个星期里抽了一点点时间稍微看了几篇范文以及一些写作技巧,其实我是放弃作文的,现在仍觉得是个正确的决定。作文这个东西,本身会写的人就是写得好,像我这样中文作文都写不好的花很多功夫在作文上也提高不少了多少,何况还有很多其他更值得花功夫的地方。

在这里想说明一下,我这还有好多关于中国海洋大学语言学及应用语言学的相关资料,有我自己备考时候用的书和资料,有一些参考书是做了笔记的,还有是完全新的书。还有一些真题,期中期末试题,视频,笔记,看书心得等。如果你们想要这些资料,可以high研App联系我,那里有我的联系方式。全都是货真价实的干货,我敢保证,绝对可以帮到现在备考的你们,而且都是免费送给大家的。考研的复习是一个很烦闷的过程,祝各位能静得下心、沉得住气。好运。

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从决定考研开始就一直查各种资料和各种考验心得,经常在high研看师哥师姐们的热血经历,也得到了很多师哥师姐们的帮助,在这里先谢谢大家了。 我准备考研比较早,元旦左右就开始了,因为大三课比较多,所以前期复习时间较短,速度有点慢,因此,如果大家已经有目标,建议越早开始越好The early bird catches the worm! 政治: 暑假开始复习政治,一直到最后都是跟着肖秀荣老师的书在走,1000题很重要,可以抓很多细节性的知识,建议不要在书上直接写,方便后期反复利用。暑假期间可以先看去年大纲,大概有个印象,最后冲刺时四八套题一定要好好背,今年肖老师大题基本都中了。政治最好每天都分配一定的时间,这一科记得快忘的也快。 考研政治每门课都是一个庞大的体系,有着大量的内容。因此需要建构每门课的大体系框架,通过一个框架把整门课连接起来,背李凡政治新时器就够了。以中国近现代史纲要为例,以时间顺序可以把中国近现代史纲要分为两部分,即以1949年10月为分界限的中国近代史和中国现代史。 中国近代史又可分为两部分,即以“五四运动”为界限的旧民主主义运动和新民主主义运动两部分。在这两个阶段有一条非常明显的主线:列强对中国的侵略和中华民族各个阶层为了中国的独立所做出的努力。 根据这条主线旧民主主义运动又可以分为几个部分,即地主阶级、资产阶级维新派、资产阶级革命派、农民阶级做出的尝试,分别是“洋务运动”“戊戌变法”“辛亥革命”“太平天国运动”和“义和团运动”。“五四运动”后的新民主主义运动也可根据主线分为几个阶段,即第一次国内革命战争时期,国共十年对峙时期,抗日战争时期,解放战争时期。 中国现代史就是新中国的建设史,可以根据这条主线分为几个阶段,即1949~1956年的过渡时期,1956~1966年的社会主义建设时期,1966~1976年的“十年文革”时期,1976以后的社会主义建设新时期。 二外法语: 本科学校教材是新大学法语,我复习用过的资料有:考研必备,二外法语考研综合(肖红),和圣才出版的名校历年二外真题,不过这些书提供的答案有些

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